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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Increased parasympathetic tone does not fully explain the night-time bronchoconstriction responsible for nocturnal cough and wheezing in asthmatic subjects. The overnight variation in function of the other neural pathway innervating bronchial smooth muscle--the non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) system--was thus examined. NANC function was tested after parasympathetic and beta-adrenergic blockade in 12 normal subjects and 12 patients with mild asthma by comparing the bronchodilator effect (measured as oscillatory resistance, Ros) of capsaicin (an NANC stimulant) at 0400 h with that at 1600 h. The order in which capsaicin or diluent was given was randomised, and observers were blind as to which substance had been inhaled. Bronchodilatation was greater at 1600 h than at 0400 h in both the normal subjects (mean decrease in Ros 1-3 min after capsaicin at 1600 h 9% [SEM 1], at 0400 h -2% [1]; p less than 0.001) and the asthmatic group (1% [1], -7% [2]; p = 0.001). The results suggest that inhibition of NANC function in the early morning may contribute to overnight bronchoconstriction.
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PMID:Non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic nervous system and overnight airway calibre in asthmatic and normal subjects. 168 85

Patients with respiratory disease commonly report that their sleep is disrupted by nocturnal cough. We have recorded cough during the night in 10 patients with severe chronic bronchitis and emphysema (forced expiratory volume in one second, 1.0 +/- SEM 0.1/L) who complained of nocturnal cough and correlated cough with electroencephalographic sleep stage and arterial oxygenation. Cough was recorded using a directional microphone and an auto-editing tape recorder system. Each cough was subsequently verified by a listener. There was a mean of 14.6 +/- 4.5 bouts of coughing per patient per night, each bout lasting on average 3.9 +/- 0.2 s. Eighty-five percent of coughing bouts occurred during electroencephalographically confirmed wakefulness (p less than 0.02 versus sleep), and coughs during true sleep were rare, with only 1 patient coughing during rapid eye movement sleep and none during Stages 3 and 4 sleep. Cough was only once followed by arousal. There was no correlation between cough and either apneas or hypoxemia during sleep. We conclude that spontaneous cough is suppressed during sleep and only rarely awakens patients.
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PMID:Nocturnal cough in patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema. 650 20