Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

It is well established that cromolyn sodium attenuates the bronchoconstriction induced by airway cooling in both normal and asthmatic subjects. To determine whether this protection derives from a modification of the thermal events that transpire during the conditioning of inspired air, we first recorded the effect of cromolyn on the bronchoconstrictor response to hyperventilation with frigid air in 7 normal subjects. On a separate occasion, we imposed the same thermal burden and measured the temperature at multiple sites within the airways before and after pretreatment with cromolyn. The first cold air challenge produced a significant decrease in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) of 5.5 +/- 0.9% (SEM) and these changes were significantly reduced by cromolyn (FEV1 = 2.8 +/- 0.9%; p less than 0.05). In concert with the improvement in mechanics, the temperatures (T) within the trachea (tr) and the anterior segment of the right lower lobe (AS-RLL) were significantly higher after cromolyn (Ttr = 1.3 +/- 0.2 degrees C; p less than 0.01; TAS-RLL = 1.0 +/- 0.4 degrees C; p = 0.05), and there was a direct positive relationship between the mechanical protection offered by the drug and the increase in airway temperature (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient = 0.83; p = 0.05). These data suggest that cromolyn modifies respiratory heat exchange in such a fashion as to limit airway cooling. The mechanism of this action is not presently known but may reflect a direct or indirect influence on the bronchial vasculature.
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PMID:Influence of cromolyn sodium on airway temperature in normal subjects. 643 86

TiO2 nanoparticles-deposited on hydroxyapatite (HAp) have been successfully synthesized by direct (single step) hydrothermal treatments of a CaCO3 suspension in a H3PO4 solution with 10 vol% TAS-FINE (titanium amine complex) at 150 degrees C for 6 h or 120 degrees C for 12-24 h under nearly neutral pH conditions. The obtained products were characterized by XRD, SEM-EDX, visible, Raman, and TEM. The XRD and Raman results showed the formation of HAp and TiO2 anatase phases under these hydrothermal conditions. SEM and TEM observations revealed that anatase TiO2 nanoparticles with the size of about 10 nm were deposited on the surfaces of the HAp crystals.
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PMID:Direct fabrication of TiO2 nanoparticles deposited on hydroxyapatite crystals under mild hydrothermal conditions. 1606 Jan 46

An ultrasound-enhanced elution system with Triton X-100 solution was used to remediate aging soils contaminated with super heavy oil. We used GC/MS, SEM, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to analyze the effect of ultrasonic time (0-1800 s) on the elution of super heavy oil and its three characteristic biomarkers (C(26-34) 17alpha 25-norhopanes, C(26-28) triaromatic steroid [TAS], and C(27-29) methyl triaromatic steroid [MTAS]). The oil and biomarkers remaining in the treated soils followed similar second-order functions with increasing ultrasonication times. Biomarker elution was closely related to carbon numbers in the marker. For C(26-34) 17alpha 25-norhopanes, the smaller molecules were more readily eluted during 0-360 s ultrasound. This trend was reversed upon application of ultrasound during 1080-1800 s, with improved elution of larger molecules and elution followed a similar second-order function. For C(26-28) TAS, smaller molecules were more readily eluted but the elution of larger molecules followed a similar second-order function. For C(27-29) MTAS, elution of larger molecules was close to that of C(26-34) 17alpha 25-norhopanes. Results of SEM and XRD indicated that the mineral and chemical compositions of soils eluted at ultrasonication times of 1080-1800 s closely resembled clean soils.
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PMID:Impact of ultrasonication time on elution of super heavy oil and its biomarkers from aging soils using a Triton X-100 micellar solution. 2035 81