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 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The percentages and absolute numbers of gamma delta T cells per CD3 positive cells (T cells) in four different compartments, namely peripheral blood, synovial fluid, synovial membrane and lungs from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and in peripheral blood from healthy controls were studied by two color flow-cytometric analysis. The percentages (mean +/- SEM = 6.3 +/- 0.8%, n = 22) and absolute numbers (70 +/- 11/microliters, n = 22) of gamma delta T cells in peripheral blood from RA patients were not different from those of 22 age-matched healthy controls (7.5 +/- 0.9%, 81 +/- 17/microliters, respectively). The gamma delta T cells in peripheral blood from 50 RA patients were, however, significantly decreased in negative correlation with the value of CRP as a marker for inflammation, although they had no correlation with the titer of rheumatoid factor as an autoantibody. The percentages of gamma delta T cells in synovial fluid from 10 patients (3.3 +/- 0.5%, n = 10) or in synovial membrane from 5 patients (4.2 +/- 1.9%, n = 5) and in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 6 patients (3.6 +/- 0.8%, n = 6) were not different from those in peripheral blood from the same patients. Thus, gamma delta T cells are not the dominant infiltrating T cell subset in the inflammatory sites of RA patients.
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PMID:Frequency of gamma delta T cells in peripheral blood, synovial fluid, synovial membrane and lungs from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 144 57

The influence of genetic factors on the expression of CD5+ B lymphocytes and their relationship to a broad spectrum of autoantibodies was investigated in a study of 12 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and 52 of their healthy first-degree relatives. The proportion of CD5+ B cells was significantly higher in RA patients (mean +/- SEM 23.9 +/- 2.7%) compared with that in their relatives (18.3 +/- 1.1%, P less than 0.05) and compared with that in a group of healthy control subjects (16.1 +/- 1.8%; P less than 0.05). Much more striking, however, were the high levels of CD5+ B cells found in the patients and their relatives in 5 of the families studied. Increases in total immunoglobulin levels and autoantibody levels were frequently observed in RA patients (approximately 20-40%) and their relatives (approximately 10-20%). Furthermore, a statistically significant correlation (P less than 0.01) between IgM rheumatoid factor and the percentage of B lymphocytes expressing CD5 was observed.
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PMID:The relationship between CD5-expressing B lymphocytes and serologic abnormalities in rheumatoid arthritis patients and their relatives. 169 May 41

The extent and nature of IgM-rheumatoid factor (RF) precursors within normal human B cells were examined by utilizing two different polyclonal B cell stimulators, Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SA) and immobilized mAb to the CD3 molecular complex (64.1). In cultures stimulated with SA, B cells produced IgM-RF in the presence of T4 cells, factors generated from mitogen-activated T cells (TF), or IL-2. Similarly, in cultures stimulated with immobilized anti-CD3, T4 cells that had been treated with mitomycin C (T4 mito) induced the production of large amounts of IgM-RF. Limiting dilution analyses revealed that the precursor frequencies of IgM-RF-producing cells induced by SA + TF and by immobilized anti-CD3-activated T4 mito were 0.008 +/- 0.001/100 B cells (n = 7) and 0.043 +/- 0.004/100 B cells (n = 6) (mean +/- SEM), respectively. Of note, the proportion of IgM-secreting cells that produced IgM-RF was much greater in cultures stimulated with SA + TF (30 to 61%) than that noted in cultures containing immobilized anti-CD3-stimulated T4 mito (1.0 to 3.9%). When B cells were co-stimulated with both SA and immobilized anti-CD3-activated T4 mito, the frequency of IgM-RF producing cells increased further to 0.12 to 0.27/100 B cells (4.6 to 21.2% of IgM-producing cells). These results indicate that both SA and immobilized anti-CD3 are potent stimulators of IgM-RF precursors. Moreover, the combination of SA and immobilized anti-CD3 provides a very potent in vitro signal for IgM-RF elaboration, inducing the production of this autoantibody from 1 to 3 in 1000 circulating normal B cells.
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PMID:Frequency analysis of human peripheral blood B cells producing IgM-rheumatoid factor. Differential effects of stimulation with monoclonal antibodies to CD3 and Staphylococcus aureus. 214 5

NK cell activity and Leu 7+ cells were determined in mononuclear cells (MNC) from patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and IgM rheumatoid factor positive polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). NK cell activity was measured in a 51Cr release assay and the Leu 7 positive cells were enumerated in indirect immunofluorescence. The mean NK cell activity +/- SEM was reduced in MNC from peripheral blood (PB), synovial fluid (SF) and synovial membranes (SM's) of patients with RA, with the values of 19.5 +/- 1.4 (p less than 0.00003), 18.3 +/- 3.1 (p less than 0.009) and 2.9 +/- 0.5 (p less than 0.0003) respectively, compared with 26.1 +/- 1.4 in MNC from the PB of healthy controls. The mean percentages of Leu 7 positive cells in MNC from PB and SF on patients with RA were normal while the mean percentage of Leu 7+ cells in MNC eluted from SM's was significantly reduced as compared to that of MNC from PB of healthy controls (p less than 0.0006). In JRA similar results concerning NK activity and Leu 7 positive cells were found but the number of experiments was too low for statistical analysis. MNC from the SF, in contrast to that of BP and SM, had a significant cytotoxicity against the Raji cell line which is a non-NK cell target.
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PMID:Natural killer (NK) cells at inflammatory sites of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and IgM rheumatoid factor positive polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. 349 59

We previously reported that Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I (SAC) is a potent stimulant of IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) production by normal adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In the current study, we compared the capacity of normal adult peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cord blood mononuclear cells to produce IgM RF. Although both populations of cells consistently produced IgM RF in response to SAC, the quantity of RF produced by cord blood cells (128 +/- 18 ng/ml, mean +/- SEM) greatly exceeded that of adult cells (37 +/- 5 ng/ml, p less than 0.0005) even though both populations of cells demonstrated comparable total IgM responses. Remarkably, 16.7% of total IgM produced by cord blood cells in response to SAC showed RF activity compared to only 3.4% (p less than 0.0001) of the total IgM produced by SAC-stimulated adult cells. Thus, precursors of IgM RF-secreting cells are not only a consistent feature of the normal adult human B cell repertoire, but they are especially represented at the time of birth. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that IgM RF originates from germ line genes and underscore the utility of SAC as a probe for analyzing the production of this autoantibody.
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PMID:Prominent IgM rheumatoid factor production by human cord blood lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with Staphylococcus aureus Cowan I. 365 63

A specific and sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect IgA rheumatoid factor (RF) in sera from 88 patients with IgA nephropathy (IgA GN), a disease characterized by abnormalities of IgA production. Significantly higher levels of IgA antiglobulins were demonstrated in IgA GN patients than in normal healthy controls and patients with other forms of chronic primary glomerulonephritis (mean +/- SEM 28.4 +/- 6.6 vs 6.0 +/- 0.4 and 8.3 +/- 1.2 micrograms/ml respectively; p less than 0.002). Interestingly, in contrast to rheumatoid arthritis, IgA RF activity was not associated with IgM antiglobulins. Analysis of sera fractionated by gel chromatography at acid pH revealed that anti-IgG activity resided predominantly in the polymeric fractions of IgA as confirmed by the ability to bind "free" secretory component. Several findings in patients with IgA GN suggest that the IgA deposited in the glomeruli is polymeric, and levels of circulating macromolecular IgA are increased. Our findings confirm a general perturbation of IgA metabolism in this disease. Although the polymeric nature of the IgA RF is suggestive of a mucosal origin, additional evidence is needed to confirm this hypothesis.
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PMID:Polymeric IgA rheumatoid factor in idiopathic IgA mesangial nephropathy (Berger's disease). 372 16

Penicillamine treatment of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) leads to falling titers of agglutinating IgM rheumatoid factor (RF), but its effect on IgG RF has not been described. Using specific solid phase radioimmunoassays, we have determined serial levels of IgM RF and IgG RF in 18 patients receiving penicillamine for 1 year, and correlated the results with the change in RA activity. Mean IgM RF levels fell to 76 +/- 10% (mean +/- SEM) after 3 months, and 30 +/- 5% of the pretreatment value after 1 year of penicillamine treatment. This decline was greater than that for total IgM (P less than 0.0001), indicating a selective reduction of RF. Patients receiving maintenance doses of 750 mg/day manifested more rapid and greater decreases than did those given 250 mg/day. In contrast, serial mean IgG RF levels did not change significantly, and actually increased in 6 of 18 cases. At onset, there was a significant correlation with erythrocyte sedimentation rate for both IgM RF (r = 0.535, P = 0.05) and IgG RF levels (r = 0.570, P = 0.02). But changes in RF concentration demonstrated no correlation with changes in either erythrocyte sedimentation rate or joint score over the 1-year period, suggesting that circulating IgM RF or IgG RF levels may be unrelated to the degree of RA activity.
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PMID:IgG and IgM rheumatoid factors in rheumatoid arthritis. Quantitative response to penicillamine therapy and relationship to disease activity. 684 22

The objective of our study was to establish whether there is an association between rheumatoid arthritis with extra-articular manifestations (exRA) and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide 2 (anti-CCP2) antibodies in Greeks. A retrospective study of 220 Greek patients with RA, 95 with exRA and 125 without extra-articular manifestations (cRA). Serum anti-CCP2 antibodies and IgM rheumatoid factor (RF) were measured. CCP2(+) were 65.3% of exRA and 58.4% of cRA patients. RF(+) were 69.5% of exRA and 60.0% of cRA patients. Among exRA patients, 37.9% had high serum anti-CCP2 antibody levels (>100 IU/ml) compared to 21.6% cRA patients (p = 0.008). Serositis and pulmonary fibrosis were found to be associated with high levels of anti-CCP2 antibodies (52.9 vs 26.6%, p = 0.02 and 63.6 vs 26.8%, p = 0.008, respectively). Serum RF levels were 265.0 +/- 52.0 IU/ml (mean +/- SEM) in exRA and 205.1 +/- 40.6 (mean +/- SEM) in cRA (NS). High serum RF levels (>268 IU/ml) were more likely to have sicca syndrome. In Greek patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), high serum anti-CCP2 antibodies are associated with serositis and pulmonary fibrosis. Therefore, anti-CCP2 antibodies have prognostic significance in patients with RA.
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PMID:Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide-2 (CCP2) autoantibodies and extra-articular manifestations in Greek patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 1817 72