Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In order to investigate plasma prolactin and thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH) concentration and pituitary reserve of these two hormones in patients with breast cancer, following examinations were carried out. Plasma prolactin concentration was measured before and 15, 30, 60, 90 minutes after the 500mug of thyrotropin-releasing-hormone (TRH) i.v. injection in 22 patients with breast cancer and 4 patients with benign breast disease. All patients did not take any hormonal therapy and any medication inducing prolactin secretion. Ten healthy females were also tested as controls. Plasma prolactin concentration was estimated by a double antibody radioimmunoassay (RIA) technique using hPRL RIA kit provided by NIAMDD. The basal prolactin concentration in patients with breast cancer was 18.6 +/- ng/ml (Mean +/- SEM), and it was slightly higher than the control group (14.7 +/- 2.2 ng/ml), but not statistically significant. In 6 out of 22 patients with breast cancer, high plasma prolactin concentrations more than 25 ng/ml were observed. The maximal plasma prolactin concentration following the TRH injection was obtained at 15-30 minutes after TRH in most patients with breast cancer. The maximal value was 87.4 +/- 9.2 ng/ml, and it was near the upper limit of normal range of prolactin response, and not significantly higher than the maximal value in the control group (59.7 +/- 5.7 ng/ml). In 7 patients with breast cancer, the maximal prolactin values more than 100 ng/ml were obtained after TRH injection. There was no statistically significant difference between early breast cancer group (TNM: stage I & II, N=14) and advanced breast cancer group (TNM: stage III & IV, N=6) in both the plasma prolactin concentration and the pituitary prolactin reserve...
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PMID:[Plasma prolactin and thyroid-stimulating-hormone (TSH) in patients with breast cancer (author's transl)]. 82 85

alpha-Immunoreactive inhibin was measured using an enzyme immunoassay kit in the culture medium (Ham's F-10 medium supplemented with 14% heat-inactivated human serum) from day 3 or 4 to day 14 post-fertilization of 31 surplus pre-embryos from eight women participating in an in-vitro fertilization programme. Inhibition secretion was demonstrated in all of them from the fourth day after fertilization (mean +/- SEM: 3.0 +/- 0.7 U) and was independent of the morphological development of pre-embryos (2-4 cells, n = 4; 6-8 cells, n = 4; 8-10 cells, n = 9; 10-12 cells, n = 4; morulae, n = 5 and blastocysts, n = 4). On days 7, 10, 13 and 14 post-fertilization, mean inhibin values +/- SEM for non-disintegrated pre-embryos were respectively: 6.5 +/- 0.9 U, 12.3 +/- 2.0 U, 16.8 +/- 3.2 U and 20.2 +/- 3.7 U; however, when disintegration was noted on days 10 and 13 after fertilization, inhibin mean values were 9.0 +/- 1.4 U and 8.4 +/- 1.7 U respectively. Inhibin levels were significantly correlated with human chorionic gonadotrophin levels in the same culture media only on day 13, while correlation with pregnancy specific beta 1-glycoprotein occurred on day 7 post-fertilization. In conclusion, early human pre-embryos secrete alpha-immunoreactive inhibin before the cytotrophoblast is formed. This secretion increases significantly with time when development is continued, while disintegration is followed by a net decline in the rate of inhibin release.
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PMID:Secretion of alpha-immunoreactive inhibin by human pre-embryos cultured in vitro. 152

The influence of reconstituting a murine monoclonal IgG1 antibody kit with pertechnetate technetium 99m on antibody distribution in the liver, spleen and sternal bone marrow of patients was examined. The 99mTc-labelled antibody used is directed against non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA-95) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and has been successfully applied for imaging tissue inflammation and bone marrow scanning. Radioactivity uptake was determined in the liver, spleen, bone marrow and a precordial background region in a consecutive series of 25 patients, examined with an antibody preparation, routinely radiolabelled according to the manufacturer's recommendations and in 14 patients, in whom the antibody was reconstituted with special care, avoiding bubble formation and dropping of buffer into the antibody-containing vial. Gentle compared with routine antibody reconstitution caused a highly significant reduction of the antibody uptake in the liver, as determined by count densities, normalized to injected dose and acquisition time (13.2 +/- 5.5 vs 20.1 +/- 6.0 cpm per pixel, means +/- SD, P = 0.008). The liver to background ratio was reduced from 3.4 +/- 1.4 to 1.9 +/- 0.5 (P less than 0.001). Spleen, sternal bone marrow and precordial background count rates were not significantly affected. These results clearly demonstrate that gentle antibody reconstitution can decrease non-specific antibody uptake in the liver by 34% +/- 6.4% (means +/- SEM). Thus, scan quality is improved, and the potential deleterious camouflage of underlying structures is avoided.
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PMID:Reduced technetium 99m labelled NCA-95/CEA-antibody uptake in liver due to gentle antibody reconstitution. Technical note. 196 40

This study compared the finishes on dental porcelain polished with four different polishing paste systems with oven reglazing and with a porcelain adjustment kit without a polishing paste. The polished/reglazed samples were rated according to quality of finish by independent observers and by scanning electron microscopy. On the basis of visual examination, two of the polishing paste systems tested were found to produce a surface equal to or better than oven glazing. On the basis of SEM examination, oven glazing was found to produce a better surface than the other polishing methods. Not all porcelain polishing systems produce a surface comparable to oven-glazed porcelain, and porcelain polishing systems should be chosen carefully.
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PMID:Polished versus autoglazed dental porcelain. 209 Aug 14

Determination of plasma methadone is essential in connection with dose adjustments for patients participating in methadone maintenance programs. We successfully adapted the existing fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) kit intended for urinary methadone to plasma assays. A concentration interval of 50-900 ng/ml could be covered. The coefficient of variation was less than 7%, and the limit of detection below 50 ng/ml. The intercorrelation between the immunoassay and a specific gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric (GC-MS) method was studied in samples from 19 heroin addicts in methadone maintenance treatment. A total number of 97 plasma samples with a concentration range of 31-842 ng/ml were used. The slope and intercept of the regression line (CFPIA = 0.93 X CGC-MS + 15) was in good agreement with the theoretical relation (CFPIA = CGC-MS), with a coefficient of correlation of 0.978. The mean ratio, in quantitative result, between the techniques (CFPIA/CGC-MS) was 1.03 +/- 0.01 (SEM). We conclude that the immunoassay proposed in this study can be safely used in patients participating in methadone maintenance programs.
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PMID:Monitoring of plasma methadone: intercorrelation between immunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. 229 10

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) commonly occurs in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL, FAB-M3) but may also be seen in other subtypes of AML. DIC in patients with AML has been attributed to procoagulants released from granular fractions of leukemic blast cells. The present study was designed (i) to evaluate thrombin activity in patients with AML by measuring plasma levels of fibrinopeptide A (FPA) prior to chemotherapy, and (ii) to examine whether a relationship between FPA levels and the number of peripheral blast cells exists. Plasma levels of FPA were determined using a commercially available RIA kit. To remove fibrinogen and the majority of elastase-induced fibrinopeptides (A alpha 1-21) known to crossreact with the FPA (A alpha 1-16) antiserum used in this assay, plasma samples were treated with bentonite prior to further processing. The study was conducted on 5 patients with APL and on 22 patients with other subtypes of AML. Peripheral blast cell counts at initial diagnosis ranged from 2100 to 56,000/microliters in patients with APL and from 1900 to 151,000/microliters in patients with other AML subtypes. The mean (+/- 1 SEM) pretreatment plasma level of FPA was significantly higher (p = 0.021) in the 5 patients with APL (38.2 +/- 8.3 ng/ml) than in patients with other AML subtypes (8.1 +/- 0.7 ng/ml). No relationship was found between peripheral blast cell counts and the corresponding FPA levels in the total group of 27 patients. However, when considering the 5 patients with APL separately, a significant correlation was observed between peripheral blast cell number and FPA plasma levels (r = 0.88, p = 0.050). This study confirms that thrombin generation is considerably greater in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia than in other subtypes of AML. We conclude that type and number of circulating blast cells and their related capacity to express procoagulant activities appear to be major determinants of excessive fibrinogen degradation in AML.
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PMID:Relationship of thrombin generation to peripheral blast cell count in patients with acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML). 236 38

We describe a radioimmunoassay (RIA) for measurement of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), based on one-step incubation and a simplified extraction procedure. The extraction was performed on a "Supelclean LC 18" column, with 2-mL plasma samples. Use of a diiodinated tracer improved the sensitivity of the RIA method. The minimal detectable value was 5 ng/L. Simplification of the extraction procedure and simultaneous incubation of the reagents provide a method more suitable for routine standard assay of ANP than those currently available. Intra- and interassay CVs were 6% (n = 12) and 11% (n = 10), respectively. The mean concentration of ANP in plasma of 32 healthy volunteers was 33 (SEM 4) ng/L. The ANP values for plasma after one-step incubation correlated well with those determined by a commercial RIA kit: r = 0.971, slope = 1.099, intercept = 1.949 ng/L (n = 25).
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PMID:Improved radioimmunoassay of atrial natriuretic peptide in plasma. 252 94

The investigation of mobilization and utilization of fat as fuel in human subjects requires the quantification of free fatty acids (FFA) in the circulating plasma. Methods in current use involve tedious extraction and titration, or enzymatic reaction with colorimetric or fluorometric detections. A rapid and reliable micro-technique is needed. We have adapted the manual enzymatic method of the Wako NEFAC kit to an automated rapid assay performed with a micro-centrifugal analyzer. This method depends upon the specific acylation of CoA by FFA, followed by oxidation and condensation to form a purple adduct measurable at 550 nm. The acylation step requires incubation at 37 degrees C for 10 min, a critical step for serum/plasma analysis. Only 4 microL of plasma is needed, and 20 tests can be performed in 20 min. The precision (CV) of sample analysis is within 2%. The results for the samples analyzed by this technique are within 4% (SEM 1%) of results by the manual method. Thus accurate results are achieved at reduced cost, time, and sample size.
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PMID:A rapid, automated micromethod for measuring free fatty acids in plasma/serum. 258 21

Immunoreactive Calmodulin (CM) was measured in the supernatant fraction of homogenates of platelets obtained from humans, rats, guinea pigs and rabbits, using a commercial RIA kit. The levels (microgram/g wet weight of platelets) of immunoreactive CM were 6.8 +/- 0.5, 6.9 +/- 0.4, 8.6 +/- 1.8 and 9.7 +/- 3.1 (mean +/- SEM) for rat, human, rabbit and guinea pig, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in values between these four species. The refractoriness of rat platelets to aggregate to certain agonists such as platelet activating factor (PAF) cannot be explained on differences in amount of immunoreactive CM.
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PMID:Immunoreactive calmodulin in supernatant fraction of platelet homogenates from humans, guinea pigs, rats, and rabbits. 620 71

The effects of the dopamine antagonist pimozide on the preimplantation delay phase of mink gestation were investigated in field and laboratory trials. Three doses of 0.1 mg pimozide in acetic acid administered on the 7th, 9th and 11th days after mating abbreviated gestation in Pastel kit female mink to a mean (+/- SEM) of 45.5 +/- 0.5 days, 10 days less than that observed in mink treated with vehicle only (55.6 +/- 0.6 days). In laboratory trials, four doses of 0.1 mg pimozide on the 7th, 9th, 11th and 13th day after mating resulted in embryo implantation at a mean of 25 +/- 4.3 days after mating while vehicle-treated control animals had mean preimplantation delay of 37 +/- 3.1 days. Luteal activation in the pimozide-treated group, as indicated by a rapid increase in circulating progesterone, began within 2 days after the first pimozide injection. No increase was observed in vehicle-treated mink until 6 or more days after the initiation of injections or 13 days after mating. It was concluded that pimozide, presumably by permitting endogenous secretion of prolactin, can induce precocious luteal activation and embryo implantation in the mink.
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PMID:Precocious induction of luteal activation and termination of delayed implantation in mink with the dopamine antagonist pimozide. 662 47


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