Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using autoradiography after 1 h of pulsed labeling with tritiated thymidine in endoscopic biopsy specimens from normal-appearing mucosa, cell proliferation was determined at six predetermined sites of the whole colon in patients with neoplastic disease of the large bowel and was compared with that of subjects without macroscopic colonic pathology. The labeling index (the percentage of cells incorporating [3H]thymidine) was 8.6 +/- 0.5 (mean +/- SEM) in 13 patients with colon carcinoma (p less than 0.001 vs. 16 control patients whose labeling index was 4.9 +/- 0.2) and 9.1 +/- 0.4 in 11 patients with a large adenoma in the colon (p less than 0.001 vs. controls). Twenty-one patients with one or more small adenomas (diameter less than 1 cm) had a moderately increased cell proliferation compared with controls (labeling index 6.2 +/- 0.3, p less than 0.02 vs. controls). In patients with neoplastic disease an enlargement of the proliferative compartment was found, whereas 6 patients with Crohn's colitis had values for labeling index and a distribution of labeled cells along the crypt comparable to that of control subjects. An increased cell proliferation was found along the entire colon under each of the neoplastic conditions studied. These findings indicate that although neoplastic lesions develop in a limited area of the colon, the entire large bowel may be at risk for tumor growth.
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PMID:Abnormal pattern of cell proliferation in the entire colonic mucosa of patients with colon adenoma or cancer. 381 91

Treatment with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) seems promising in ulcerative colitis and changes in colonocyte oxidation of butyrate have been suggested to be of importance for the development of this disease. The influence of small and large bowel length after surgery on SCFAs is only partly known. SCFAs and lactate were measured in consecutive fecal samples from 300 patients with ulcerative colitis (103), Crohn's disease (127), and noninflammatory bowel disease (70); 205 had had surgery, 52 had short bowels (< 200 cm). Lactate (mainly the L-isomer) was elevated in ulcerative colitis patients with pancolitis (mean +/- SEM, 17 +/- 5 mmol/liter) and proctitis (12 +/- 3 mmol/liter) compared with quiescent ulcerative colitis (3 +/- 1 mmol/liter, P < 0.01), and correlated with the index of Truelove (R = 0.52, P < 0.0005). Lactate was also increased in Crohn's colitis (21 +/- 8 mmol/liter), but not in isolated ileitis (4 +/- 2 mmol/liter), compared with quiescent Crohn's disease (7 +/- 2 mmol/liter, P < 0.02), but did not correlate with the activity index (CDAI; R = 0.18, P = 0.12). In contrast to earlier reports, SCFAs (including butyrate) did not correlate with inflammatory activity or localization in either ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. The length of the small bowel had no influence on SCFAs and lactate in patients with either no colonic function (ileostomies), or with > 50% and < 50% preserved colorectal length, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Influence of intestinal inflammation (IBD) and small and large bowel length on fecal short-chain fatty acids and lactate. 778 63

The high incidence of clinical remission after faecal diversion for Crohn's colitis suggests the faecal stream may play a part in the inflammatory mechanism. The effect of faecal diversion (n = 22) and restoration of intestinal continuity (n = 10) was assessed in patients with Crohn's colitis and compared with controls. Faecal diversion produced significant improvement in the disease activity index mean (SEM) (before 176 (9); after 114 (9), p < 0.01) and serum albumin concentrations (before 33 (3.0); after 38 (3.0), p < 0.05) in all patients with Crohn's colitis. The crypt cell production rate (CCPR) was maintained after faecal diversion for Crohn's colitis but fell in the control group (before = 3.6 (0.8)), at two (1.4 (0.4), p < 0.02), and six weeks (1.6 (0.4), p < 0.05). Mucosal glucosamine synthetase activity, reflecting glycoprotein synthesis, was significantly lower in patients with Crohn's colitis (analysis of variance p < 0.05) after diversion but was maintained in the control group. Restoration of intestinal continuity failed to produce reciprocal changes. The sustained cellular proliferation and fall in glycoprotein synthesis in Crohn's colitis after faecal diversion may represent the end of an exaggerated protective response and regenerative hyperplasia after exclusion of the faecal stream. This study suggests the faecal stream may participate in the inflammatory process in Crohn's colitis. The underlying mechanism is unknown.
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PMID:Faecal diversion for Crohn's colitis: a model to study the role of the faecal stream in the inflammatory process. 830 75