Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Recently, it has been demonstrated that paranasal sinuses are an important site of nitric oxide (NO) production in the upper airways. The aim of this study was to evaluate the NO nasal concentration in children with acute maxillary sinusitis before and after treatment with antibiotic therapy. We performed NO nasal measurements in 16 children 4 to 13 yr of age with acute maxillary sinusitis and compared values with 16 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects. The diagnosis of acute sinusitis was done by clinical signs and symptoms in addition to radiographic examination. NO nasal concentrations were measured by a chemiluminescence analyzer. Nasal NO steady state during oral breathing was recorded. The mean +/- SEM NO nasal concentration in children with sinusitis was 70 +/- 8.7 parts per billion (ppb) and increased significantly to 220 +/- 15 ppb (p < 0.001) after antibiotic therapy (amoxicillin/clavulanate). NO values after recovery from sinusitis were similar to those of healthy control subjects (245 +/- 15 ppb, p = NS). NO nasal measurements were also performed before and after antibiotic treatment in nine children 4 to 12 yr of age with symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection but no symptoms of sinusitis. In these children NO nasal levels were 249 +/- 32 ppb and did not change (p = NS) after antibiotic therapy. We conclude that during acute maxillary sinusitis the concentration of nasal NO is largely decreased, probably because of an impaired flow of NO from the paranasal sinuses, and that NO returns to normal levels after antibiotic therapy.
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PMID:Effect of antibiotic therapy on nasal nitric oxide concentration in children with acute sinusitis. 915 76

The hypotheses tested in this study were that during acute asthma exacerbations (1) exhaled nitric oxide concentrations [eNO] are a more sensitive, noninvasive indicator of asthma disease activity than serum markers of inflammation such as eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) or soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL2R), and (2) elevated [eNO] are reduced after treatment with glucocorticoids (GC). Peak eNO levels were measured by chemiluminescence during slow expiration. Seven asthmatic subjects (mean age 11 yrs; mean morning FEV1 65% predicted) receiving inhaled GC, and with no radiographic evidence of acute sinusitis, were studied before and after a course of oral GC. Measurements of [eNO], ECP and sIL2R levels, and FEV1% were obtained before and after a course of GC. Six atopic nonasthmatic subjects (mean age 12 years; mean FEV1 94% predicted) and seven normal subjects (mean age 13 years; mean FEV1 100% predicted) were studied. The mean peak [eNO] level (parts per billion: ppb) for the asthma subjects before treatment (52 +/- 5 ppb SEM) was greater than the value for both nonasthmatic atopic and normal subjects (16 +/- 2 ppb and 14 +/- 2 ppb SEM, respectively; P < 0.0001). There was no significant difference in ECP or sIL2R values between asthmatic subjects and either atopic or normal subjects (P > 0.05). Baseline pre-GC treatment ECP levels in the asthmatic subjects were significantly higher (P < 0.002) than post-GC treatment values. The mean peak [eNO] level in the asthmatic subjects declined after oral GC treatment to 14 +/- 1 ppb (P < 0.0002) and was less than 2 ppb different from either control group (P > 0.75). We conclude that [eNO] is a more sensitive marker of asthma disease activity than ECP and sIL2R levels. In addition, [eNO] appears to be a more useful indicator of the beneficial response to GC therapy than these other measurements in pediatric asthma.
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PMID:Comparison of exhaled nitric oxide, serum eosinophilic cationic protein, and soluble interleukin-2 receptor in exacerbations of pediatric asthma. 940 62