Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To investigate whether or not platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a mediator of the liver injury resulting from transient hepatic inflow occlusion (Pringle's maneuver), the effect of pretreatment with a potent PAF antagonist (CV6209) on hepatic energy metabolism was evaluated following 30 min of inflow occlusion in rabbits. At 60 min after declamping, the arterial ketone body ratio (AKBR; acetoacetate/3-hydroxybutyrate), reflecting hepatic mitochondrial redox state (NAD+/NADH), increased to 1.10 +/- 0.05 (mean +/- SEM) in the CV6209 (5 mg/kg)-pretreated group (group 1, n = 5) compared with 0.72 +/- 0.06 (P less than 0.01) in the untreated group (group 2, n = 5). Hepatic energy charge at 60 min after declamping was significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2 (0.871 +/- 0.010 vs. 0.800 +/- 0.023; P less than 0.05). Pretreatment with CV6209 had no significant influence on these parameters in sham-operated animals. The present study demonstrates that pretreatment with CV6209 has a protective effect against the impairment of hepatic energy metabolism following transient hepatic inflow occlusion.
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PMID:Protective effect of platelet-activating factor antagonist on hepatic energy metabolism following transient hepatic inflow occlusion in rabbits. 142 21

Previous study demonstrated that patients who received total parenteral nutrition (TPN) with standard intermittent infusion of long chain triglyceride (LCT) at 0.13 g kg-1hr-1 over 10 hr for each of three days showed a significant decline in 99Tc-sulfur colloid (TSC) clearance rate by the reticuloendothelial system (RES). The present studies evaluated eight patients who received the same total lipid dose of LCT infused continuously as in a three-in-one admixture, and another nine patients receiving the same amount of fat as a medium chain triglyceride (MCT)/LCT (75%/25%) emulsion intermittently over 10 hr at 0.13 g kg-1hr-1 for three consecutive days. Patients were given continuous total parenteral nutrition (TPN) comprised of protein, 1.5 g kg-1day-1, and dextrose, 4.5 g kg-1day-1. RES function was examined by measuring the clearance rates of intravenously injected TSC while receiving TPN containing only protein and dextrose, and again after three days of fat infusion. Mean (+/- SEM) clearance rate constants before and after continuous LCT infusion were 0.38 +/- 0.09 and 0.41 +/- 0.08 min-1, respectively, while those before and after intermittent MCT/LCT infusion were 0.50 +/- 0.18 and 0.73 +/- 0.24 min-1, respectively. In contrast to intermittent LCT infusion, the administration of continuous LCT or an intermittent MCT/LCT mixture does not impair TSC clearance by the RES. These findings suggest that condensing the daily period of LCT infusion at standard dosage may exceed the rate of metabolic utilization, resulting in increased fat removal and diminished TSC uptake by the RES.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Parenteral infusion of long- and medium-chain triglycerides and reticuloendothelial system function in man. 212 19

Consensus is lacking concerning how to manage afferent vessels during hepatectomy, particularly as to the Pringle maneuver vs. selective hemihepatic clamping. Data for 81 hepatocellular carcinoma patients with chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis whose liver resection was limited to one section or less, including intraoperative data and postoperative liver function data, were analyzed retrospectively to compare two strategies. No significant differences of intraoperative data or postoperative clinical course were seen between the two groups, even in patients with chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis whose postoperative deterioration of liver function could be expected to be more than patients with a normal liver. The difference was evident only in serum alanine aminotransferase level on postoperative day 10 (mean +/- SEM, 64.5 +/- 5.1 IU in the Pringle group vs. 51.6 +/- 4.4 IU in the selective clamping group; P < 0.05). During liver resection limited to one section or less, even with underlying chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, intermittent use of the Pringle maneuver preserved liver function to the same extent as selective clamping.
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PMID:Outcome using hemihepatic vascular occlusion versus the pringle maneuver in resections limited to one hepatic section or less. 1684 68

In order to comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings, this experimental research was to investigate the possibility of using the residues after iron recovery from iron ore tailings as raw materials for the preparation of cementitious material, abbreviated as TSC, including analyses of its mechanical properties, physical properties and hydration products. The TSC1 was prepared by blending 30% the residues, 34% blast-furnace slag, 30% clinker and 6% gypsum. Meanwhile, the raw iron ore tailings (before iron recovery) with the same proportion of TSC1 were selected to compare the cementitious activity of raw tailings and the residues after magnetizing roasting, denoted by TSC0. The hydration products of them were mostly ettringite, calcium hydroxide and C-S-H gel, characterized by XRD, IR and SEM. It was found that ettringite and C-S-H gel were principally responsible for the strength development of TSC mortars with curing time. The results showed that the kaolinite of the tailings was decomposed completely after magnetizing roasting, which promoted the cementitious property of TSC1. Moreover, the mechanical properties of TSC1 are well comparable with those of 42.5 ordinary Portland cement according to Chinese GB175-2007 standard.
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PMID:Innovative methodology for comprehensive utilization of iron ore tailings: part 2: The residues after iron recovery from iron ore tailings to prepare cementitious material. 1978 71

A new chelating fiber (PET-TSC) was prepared with PET for fast removal of Hg(2+), Cu(2+) and Co(2+) from water. Elemental analysis, SEM, BET surface area, (13)C NMR, FTIR and X-ray diffraction spectra were used to characterize PET-TSC. The higher uptake capacity of the studied metal ions was observed at higher pH values. Kinetic study indicated that the adsorption of Hg(2+), Cu(2+) and Co(2+) followed the pseudo-second-order equation, suggesting chemical sorption as the rate-limiting step of the adsorption process. The best interpretation for the equilibrium data was given by Langmuir isotherm, and the maximum adsorption capacities were 120.02, 96.81 and 78.08 mg/g for Hg(2+), Cu(2+) and Co(2+) ions, respectively. 1M HCl or 0.1M EDTA could be used as effective eluant to desorb the Hg(2+), Cu(2+) and Co(2+) adsorbed by PET-TSC, and the adsorption capacity of PET-TSC for the three heavy metal ions could still be maintained at about 90% level at the 5th cycle. Accordingly, it is expected that PET-TSC could be used as a promising adsorbent for fast removal of heavy metal ions from water, and the present work also might provide a simple and effective method to reuse the waste PET fibers.
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PMID:Modification and characterization of PET fibers for fast removal of Hg(II), Cu(II) and Co(II) metal ions from aqueous solutions. 2343 2

In this work, biocompatible and mucoadhesive thiolated chitosan (TCS) was used in the preparation of oral nanoformulation of human parathyroid hormone 1-34 (PTH 1-34) as an alternative patient compliant route in treating osteoporosis. PTH 1-34 loaded thiolated chitosan nanoparticles (TCS-PTH 1-34 NPs) size, morphology and interaction was analysed by DLS, SEM and FTIR respectively. TCS-PTH 1-34 NPs (90-100 nm) with 60% encapsulation efficiency was subjected to an in vitro release in simulated rat body fluids. TCS-PTH 1-34 NP's treated human primary osteoblast cells (HOB) upon PTH 1-34 receptor activation, produced second messenger-cAMP which down stream stimulated, production of bone specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and even enhanced the intracellular calcium uptake. These data substantiates the anabolic effect and bioactivity of the PTH 1-34 released from the TCS-PTH 1-34 NPs. Bare PTH 1-34 failed to reach the systemic circulation following oral dosage in rats whereas TCS-PTH 1-34 NPs showed an oral bioavailability of 0.075 microg PTH 1-34 throughout 48 h which is indeed a significant improvement in the half life of this peptide. TSC-PTH 1-34 NPs have released an advantageous anabolic dose of the peptide in blood that is suited for the treatment of osteoporosis. NIR image of gastrointestinal transit of ICG conjugated nanoformulation supports and justifies this significant finding. These results cumulatively point out that TCS NPs loaded with PTH 1-34 is efficient in orally delivering the peptide. This route of administration has increased its half life and improved the bioavailability compared to the bare peptide that is delivered systemically for treating osteoporosis.
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PMID:PTH 1-34 loaded thiolated chitosan nanoparticles for osteoporosis: oral bioavailability and anabolic effect on primary osteoblast cells. 3107 42

In this study, novel nanocomposites (NCs) of aromatic polyamide (PA) and surface modified ZnO nanoparticle with s-triazine heterocyclic ring was introduced for efficient removal of toxic hexavalent chromium (VI) from aqueous solution. The surface of ZnO nanoparticle was modified by s-triazine core silane coupling agent (ZnO-TSC) and PA/ZnO-TSC NCs with different amount of ZnO-TSC nanoparticles (0, 5, 10 and 15wt%) were prepared by ultrasonic irradiation. The synthesized PA/ZnO-TSC NCs were characterized by FT-IR, XRD, FE-SEM, TEM and TGA methods. TEM images showed that ZnO nanoparticles were dispersed homogeneously in the polymer matrix. The adsorption experiments were carried out in batch mode to optimize various parameters like contact time, pH and concentration of metal ion that influence the adsorption rate. The maximum uptakes of Cr(VI) at pH 4.0 was 72%, 81%, 89% and 91% for pure PA, NC5%, NC10% and NC15%, respectively. The kinetic of adsorption was investigated and the pseudo second-order model is an appropriate model for interpretation of adsorption mechanism of Cr(VI) ions.
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PMID:Ultrasound-assisted synthesis of nanocomposites based on aromatic polyamide and modified ZnO nanoparticle for removal of toxic Cr(VI) from water. 2913 1