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 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Fifty-eight actively psychotic inpatients who initially met criteria for long-standing schizophrenia and subsequently met Research Diagnostic Criteria for a current episode of schizoaffective disorder (mainly schizophrenic) with a depressive syndrome, and who scored at least 30 (mean = 55, SEM = 1.6) on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale and 17 (mean = 23, SEM = 0.7) on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, were treated for 5 weeks with haloperidol hydrochloride and benztropine. Haloperidol and benztropine treatment was continued, while those patients who consistently scored greater than 17 on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression were randomly assigned to the following double-blind treatment groups for 4 weeks: adjunctive amitriptyline hydrochloride, desipramine hydrochloride, or placebo. Adjunctive desipramine or amitriptyline showed no significant therapeutic advantage, when compared with haloperidol and placebo, on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale or the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. After 4 weeks of combine therapy, patients receiving adjunctive amitriptyline or desipramine, as compared with those receiving adjunctive placebo, tended to score higher on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale hallucinatory behavior item and on the thinking disturbance factor than patients receiving placebo. These results suggest that adjunctive antidepressants are not indicated for the treatment of depressive symptoms in actively psychotic schizophrenic inpatients. Adjunctive antidepressants may retard the rate of resolution of psychosis in this population.
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PMID:Antidepressants in 'depressed' schizophrenic inpatients. A controlled trial. 222 37

Biological tests may help clarify the relationships of schizoaffective disorder to both major depressive disorder and schizophrenia. Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), 500 micrograms i.v., was administered to 14 schizodepressed, 23 schizophrenics, 41 unipolar major depressives (all by RDC) and 45 healthy controls, all males 20-67 years old with no significant differences in age, body height or weight. Results showed no differences in maximal delta TSH (dTSH max) amongst schizoaffective depressed, schizophrenia and healthy control groups (10.1 +/- 1.3, 9.2 +/- 1.1, 9.7 +/- 0.8 microU/ml, means +/- SEM respectively). Mean major depressives' dTSH max was lower than in each of the other three groups (6.2 +/- 0.4 microU/ml, P less than 0.01 for all). Utilizing a less than or equal to 5.0 microU/ml cut-off criterion for blunting, the schizodepressed had 36%, schizophrenics 44%, healthy controls 22% and major depressed 59% blunters (P less than 0.05 from other three groups). Schizodepressed patients appeared significantly different from major depressed but closer to schizophrenics (and healthy controls) on the TRH test.
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PMID:Thyrotropin response to thyrotropin-releasing hormone in RDC schizodepressed men. 297 Apr 96

Objective: This study proposes a schizophrenia disability model to describe the associations between negative symptoms and disability to test the possible mediating roles of positive coping and resilience and to compare the relative weights of the indirect effects of these two mediators in an integrated whole. Methods: A total of 407 hospitalized Han Chinese patients diagnosed with stable schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were included. Patients were evaluated using the following scales: the Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire (SCQ) for positive coping, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) for resilience, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) for negative symptoms, and the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule, Version II (WHO-DAS II) for the severity of disability. The schizophrenia disability distal mediation model was constructed using the structural modeling (SEM) approach. Bootstrapping procedures and the PRODCLIN program were used to examine the mediating roles of positive coping and resilience. Results: The schizophrenia disability model was well-fitted to the observed data. Positive coping and resilience together with negative symptoms explained 66% of the variance in disability. Positive coping and resilience partly mediated the negative symptoms-disability relationship. The bootstrapped unstandardized indirect effect was 0.319, and the direct effect was 0.224. Positive coping also has a significant positive effect on resilience. In addition, the ratio of the specific indirect effect of positive coping to the total indirect effect (48%) is higher than that of resilience (30%). Conclusion: Positive coping and resilience are two key causal mediators of the negative symptoms-disability relationship. Positive coping and resilience are important personal resources for patients with schizophrenia. We found that the indirect effect of positive coping was relatively more important than that of resilience. This result suggests that personalized treatments aimed at resilience and positive coping can effectively buffer the impact of negative symptoms for patients with schizophrenia and promote rehabilitation.
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PMID:Positive Coping and Resilience as Mediators Between Negative Symptoms and Disability Among Patients With Schizophrenia. 3155 32