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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A group of ten young experienced oarsmen [mean age 17.5 (SD 1.7) years, height 182.5 (SD 5.9) cm, body mass 77.0 (SEM 10.6) kg] exercised in a progressive incremental test (PIE: 50W x 3 min[-1]) on a rowing ergometer to determine the power output corresponding to the 4 mmol lactate x l(-1) anaerobic threshold (AT4) and the individual anaerobic threshold (IAT). Within 10 days they performed at random two 30-min prolonged exercise tests (PET) at power outputs corresponding to AT4 and IAT to demonstrate whether or not a steady-state blood lactate concentration [La-]b could be maintained. Oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR) and [La-]b were measured. The PIE revealed significant lower values at IAT compared to AT4 for power output (P < 0.01), HR (P < 0.01) and VO2 (P < 0.01). Coefficients of correlation between AT4 and IAT were 0.68 for power output, 0.79 for HR and 0.70 for VO2. All the subjects could complete the PET at IAT and only six out of the ten at AT4. The [La-]b at the end of PET was significantly higher at AT4 compared to IAT (P < 0.01). Similar results were found for VO2 (P < 0.01) and for HR (P < 0.01). A steady state of mean blood lactate concentration ([La-]ss was found only for the power output at IAT. From the results of this study, we concluded that both concepts of anaerobic threshold gave different information about submaximal endurance capacity. Only IAT represented on average [La-]ss. It is suggested that more research is needed to elicit optimal guidelines for the intensity of endurance training.
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PMID:Metabolic and cardiorespiratory responses in young oarsmen during prolonged exercise tests on a rowing ergometer at power outputs corresponding to two concepts of anaerobic threshold. 945 37

Hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia are characterized by a reduction in arterial distensibility and by accelerated atherosclerosis. Whether arterial stiffening is an inherent feature of these conditions or just the consequence of the atherosclerotic clinical or subclinical lesions is not known, however. Our aim was to obtain information on this issue by directly measuring, in humans, arterial distensibility both at the site of an atherosclerotic lesion and at the proximal normal site. In 10 patients (8 men; mean+/-SEM age, 65.2+/-3.4 years) affected by monolateral hemodynamic significant internal carotid artery stenosis, we measured arterial distensibility (Wall Track System; PIE Medical) bilaterally, both at the internal carotid artery and at the common carotid artery level. In the common carotid artery, measurements were made 3 cm below the bifurcation. In the affected internal carotid artery, measurements were made at the plaque shoulder (wall thickness of 2 mm). Measurements were made in the contralateral internal carotid artery at a symmetrical level. Arterial wall thickness was measured in the same site of arterial distensibility. Arterial distensibility was less in the internal than in the common carotid artery, with a marked reduction at the plaque internal carotid artery level compared with the corresponding contralateral site (-45%, P<0.01). It was also less, however, in the common carotid artery branching into the atherosclerotic internal carotid artery than in the contralateral common carotid artery (-25%, P<0.05). Wall thickness was similar in the 2 common carotid arteries and obviously greater in the affected internal carotid artery than in the contralateral artery. Arterial distensibility was markedly less in the internal carotid artery where there was a plaque compared with the intact contralateral internal carotid artery; it was also less, however, in the common carotid artery of the affected side in comparison with the contralateral common carotid artery. This provides evidence that the effect of a plaque on arterial mechanical properties is not limited to the actual plaque site but rather extends to a considerable degree in a proximal direction.
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PMID:Local effects of atherosclerotic plaque on arterial distensibility. 1171 18