Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 47 patients (46 children and 1 adult) with unilateral and bilateral retinoblastoma, the titer of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was determined. The CEA titer of children with active retinoblastomas was 1.44 +/- 0.26 ng/ml (x +/- SEM). Those patients whose retinoblastoma was inactivated by therapy did not show a significantly lower CEA titer. In the group of children with one eye removed because of a unilateral retinoblastoma, the CEA titer was significantly (P less than 0.1) lower. The globes of 25 children were examined histologically. In those cases with invasion of the optic nerve or choroid, the CEA titer was significantly higher (P less than 0.1) as compared with those where the tumor was limited to the retina alone.
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PMID:[Carcinoembryonic antigen in retinoblastomas (author's transl)]. 30 12

The influence of reconstituting a murine monoclonal IgG1 antibody kit with pertechnetate technetium 99m on antibody distribution in the liver, spleen and sternal bone marrow of patients was examined. The 99mTc-labelled antibody used is directed against non-specific cross-reacting antigen (NCA-95) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and has been successfully applied for imaging tissue inflammation and bone marrow scanning. Radioactivity uptake was determined in the liver, spleen, bone marrow and a precordial background region in a consecutive series of 25 patients, examined with an antibody preparation, routinely radiolabelled according to the manufacturer's recommendations and in 14 patients, in whom the antibody was reconstituted with special care, avoiding bubble formation and dropping of buffer into the antibody-containing vial. Gentle compared with routine antibody reconstitution caused a highly significant reduction of the antibody uptake in the liver, as determined by count densities, normalized to injected dose and acquisition time (13.2 +/- 5.5 vs 20.1 +/- 6.0 cpm per pixel, means +/- SD, P = 0.008). The liver to background ratio was reduced from 3.4 +/- 1.4 to 1.9 +/- 0.5 (P less than 0.001). Spleen, sternal bone marrow and precordial background count rates were not significantly affected. These results clearly demonstrate that gentle antibody reconstitution can decrease non-specific antibody uptake in the liver by 34% +/- 6.4% (means +/- SEM). Thus, scan quality is improved, and the potential deleterious camouflage of underlying structures is avoided.
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PMID:Reduced technetium 99m labelled NCA-95/CEA-antibody uptake in liver due to gentle antibody reconstitution. Technical note. 196 40

To determine the clinical utility of airway carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) concentrations to distinguish malignant from inflammatory airway disease in patients undergoing bronchoscopy, we determined CEA concentrations by enzyme immunoassay in bronchial washings recovered in 48 subjects, including 20 patients with central lung cancer, 18 patients with chronic bronchitis, and ten nonsmoking patients with a diagnosis of pneumonia or peripheral granuloma. Concentrations of CEA in bronchial washings were standardized by using the total protein concentration in recovered fluid (CEA/TP). Concentrations of CEA were significantly increased in bronchial washings recovered from both patients with chronic bronchitis and lung cancer compared with patients with pneumonia or granuloma (252 +/- 47 ng/mg and 199 +/- 64 ng/ml vs 62 +/- 11 ng/mg, SEM, p less than 0.005). Airway CEA concentrations in patients with chronic bronchitis were somewhat increased compared with concentrations recovered from a cancer-involved airway (252 +/- 47 ng/ml vs 199 +/- 64 ng/mg, SEM, p less than 0.05). Measurement of airway CEA concentrations is not useful in distinguishing malignant from inflammatory airway disease as airway concentrations of CEA may be markedly increased in patients with both conditions.
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PMID:Airway carcinoembryonic antigen concentrations in patients with central lung cancer or chronic bronchitis. 219 39

Sialyl stage-specific mouse embryonic antigen (SSEA-1) levels were measured in pleural effusions obtained from patients with lung cancer and benign pulmonary disease, using a solid-phase immunoradiometric sandwich assay. The mean (+/- SEM) levels (unit/ml) of pleural fluid sialyl SSEA-1 were 3620 +/- 1419 in adenocarcinoma (n = 25), 123 +/- 30 in nonadenocarcinoma (n = 13) and 95 +/- 19 in benign pulmonary disease (n = 13), respectively. The positive rate was 64% in adenocarcinoma, 7.7% in nonadenocarcinoma, and 0% in benign pulmonary disease, respectively, when a cutoff level was defined as the mean + 3 SD value (300 unit/ml) based on pleural fluid sialyl SSEA-1 levels in benign pulmonary disease. There was a significant positive correlation between pleural fluid levels of sialyl SSEA-1 and those of carcinoembryonic antigen in adenocarcinoma patients (r = 0.8246, P less than 0.01). Pleural fluid sialyl SSEA-1 levels correlated with cytologic findings in adenocarcinoma patients. These observations suggest that sialyl SSEA-1 in pleural effusion is a useful marker to discriminate malignant from nonmalignant and adenocarcinoma from nonadenocarcinoma of the lung.
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PMID:Elevation of sialyl stage-specific mouse embryonic antigen levels in pleural effusion in patients with adenocarcinoma of the lung. 256 56

In an attempt to identify biologic markers that might predict prognosis in breast cancer patients, the presence or absence of seven tumor-associated antigens in 54 infiltrating breast carcinomas was correlated with tumor recurrence rates (minimum five-year follow-up), axillary lymph node metastases and tumor volume. Immunohistochemical kappa-casein was present in 30 (56%) tumors, alpha-lactalbumin in 39 (72%) tumors, secretory component of IgA in 26 (48%) tumors, carcinoembryonic antigen in 34 (63%) tumors, pregnancy-specific beta-1-glycoprotein in 7 (13%) tumors, beta subunit of human chorionic gonadotrophin in 1 (2%) tumor and human placental lactogen in 0 (0%) tumors. There was no significant correlation between the presence or absence in tumor of any of the antigens, and prognosis as assessed either by 5-year recurrence rates (P greater than 0.18) or by the presence of axillary lymph node metastases (P greater than 0.20). No significant difference was noted in mean tumor volume (cm3) +/- SEM, between tumors with or without antigen immunoreactivity (P greater than 0.05).
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PMID:Tumor-associated antigens in breast carcinomas. Prognostic significance. 304 Feb 12

The present study was undertaken to determine whether an anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody (MAB), labeled with the potent beta emitter yttrium 90, could alter the growth of diffuse intraperitoneal carcinomatosis of colon cancer. Nude mice bearing the CEA-producing human tumor line LS174T received therapy with the anti-CEA MAB ZCE025 90Y. Animals were evaluated 12 days after therapy. Untreated animals had a mean (+/- SEM) tumor burden of 3.99 +/- 0.10 g, while animals treated with ZCE025 90Y had 0.29 +/- 0.04 g present. This decrease was significant compared with the 1.31 +/- 0.16 g of tumor present in animals treated with a 90Y-labeled nonspecific antibody 96.5c. The therapeutic effects seen with ZCE025 90Y suggest a potentially useful role for 90Y-labeled anti-CEA MABs in the treatment of gastrointestinal carcinomatosis.
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PMID:Therapy of peritoneal carcinomatosis of human colon cancer xenografts with yttrium 90-labeled anti-carcinoembryonic antigen antibody ZCE025. 367 97

This study was undertaken to determine the effect of tumor size and tumor carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) content on the uptake of indium 111 (111In)-labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody in nude mice bearing xenografts. The tumor cell lines were WiDr, SW403, and LS174T, human colon cancer derivatives. The murine breast carcinoma cell line EMT-6 was used as a control. Tumor CEA levels (ng/g of tumor +/- standard error of the mean [SEM], measured by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) were: EMT-6, 0; WiDr, 105 +/- 5.7; LS174T, 2052 +/- 198; SW403, 17,575 +/- 1,785. The 111In-labeled monoclonal antibody was injected intravenously into mice bearing a single tumor. At 48 hours postinjection, scintiscan was performed, and the mice were killed so that biodistribution studies could be performed. The uptake of the monoclonal antibody was expressed as percent injected counts per minute per gram of tissue +/- SEM. The non-CEA-producing tumor, EMT-6, showed the lowest tumor uptake (1.4 +/- 0.3). WiDr, an intermediate CEA-producing tumor, showed some tumor uptake (16.4 +/- 1.5). The high CEA-producing tumors, SW403 and LS174T, had high tumor uptake (29.5 +/- 5.0 and 51.1 +/- 6.1, respectively). Biodistribution and scintiscan quality were closely related. Although LS174T had the best tumor uptake, SW403 had the highest CEA tumor content, indicating tumor CEA content cannot entirely predict scintiscan and biodistribution results. Tumor-to-blood (T/B), tumor-to-liver (T/L), and liver-to-blood (L/B) ratios were calculated for each animal and compared with tumor size. It was found that T/L had a negative correlation with tumor size (r = -0.72) and L/B had a positive correlation with tumor size (r = 0.94). These ratios may be useful clinically to follow response to therapy.
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PMID:The effect of tumor CEA content and tumor size on tissue uptake of indium 111-labeled anti-CEA monoclonal antibody. 394 92

I evaluated a commercially available polyacrylamide column (Clinetics Corp.) for use in assaying for carcinoembryonic antigen. The procedure eliminates the need for dialysis and 50 samples, assayed in duplicate, may be completed in 5 h. In general, results by this technique are 1.0 microgram/L (range 0.5-2.0) lower than by the conventional dialysis method (r = 0.9876). Sensitivity approximates 0.5 microgram/L. Within-day precision for two pools of patients' plasma (n = 10) was mean = 2.29 (SEM 0.05) microgram/L with CV = 6.55% and mean = 10.61 (SEM 0.10) microgram/L with CV = 2.92%, respectively; between-day precision (n = 6) was mean = 3.90 (SEM 0.16) microgram/L with CV = 10.0% and mean = 10.1 (SEM 0.37) microgram/L, CV = 8.91%, respectively. The precentage analytical recovery of added carcinoembryonic antigen was about 80% at concentrations of approximately 8 and 12 microgram/L, 73% at 18 microgram/L.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen assayed by column chromatography on polyacrylamide gel. 737 Nov 56

The presence of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) gene and CEA expression in the liver was tested to identify their possible roles in the liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. The CEA gene in the liver was identified by amplifying the CEA-specific N-terminal domain exon with digoxigenin-dUTP labeling in 16 colorectal carcinomas with liver metastases. Next, CEA expression was tested by immunostaining using the anti-CEA monoclonal antibody (T84.66, ATCC). Liver tissues from 13 stomach cancer patients and 12 colorectal cancer patients without liver metastasis were also tested as control groups. Three grades (<25%, 25-50%, and 50%< or =) were given according to the proportion of positive cells. The CEA gene was amplified in the metastatic tumor cells of the liver (2.6 +/- 0.2, mean grade +/- SEM) and their surrounding hepatocytes (1.5 +/- 0.2) in all cases. CEA expression was found in all metastatic tumor cells and 14 cases of the surrounding hepatocytes. Among the control groups, the CEA gene of the hepatocytes was found in 9 cases each of the colorectal and the stomach cancers that did not exhibit CEA expression. The level of serum CEA was related with the numbers and volume of liver metastases, but not with CEA expression in tumor cells and surrounding hepatocytes. The CEA gene in the metastatic tumor cells, not in the hepatocytes, was closely associated with CEA expression in the surrounding hepatocytes (p<0.01). Although the precise mechanism of CEA gene regulation in hepatocytes remains to be proven, the CEA gene in the metastatic tumor of the liver seems to affect CEA expression in the surrounding hepatocytes facilitating liver metastasis in colorectal carcinoma.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen gene and carcinoembryonic antigen expression in the liver metastasis of colorectal carcinoma. 1034 Apr 66

In clinical practice it is important to differentiate pseudocysts from cystic pancreatic tumors, especially potentially malignant mucinous cystic tumors. We investigated three new markers-tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor (TATI) and the free alpha and beta subunits of human choriogonadotropin (hCGalpha and hCGbeta, respectively)-in the cyst fluid of patients with cystic pancreatic lesions and compared the concentrations of these markers to those of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA 19-9, CA 242, CA 125, CA 15-3, alpha-fetoprotein, and tissue polypeptide antigen in order to distinguish benign cysts from malignant cysts. Between 1995 and 2001, a total of 34 patients operated on for cystic pancreatic lesions at Tampere University Hospital were included. Cyst fluid was aspirated at operation and stored at -70 C. The histologic diagnosis was pseudocyst in 23 patients, serous cystadenoma (SCA) in four patients, benign mucinous cystadenoma (MCA) in four patients, cystic papillary neoplasm (CPN) in one patient, glucagonoma in one patient, and malignant endocrine islet cell carcinoma (EC) in one patient. Significantly higher concentrations of TATI were found in patients with MCA and EC (2239 +/- 149 microg/L [mean +/- SEM]) than in patients with pseudocyst (55 +/- 29 microg/L; P=0.001) and in patients with SCA (36 +/- 23 microg/L; P=0.01). The patient with CPN and the patient with glucagonoma had relatively low levels of TATI (30.7 and 46.5 microg/L). Mean CEA was higher in patients with MCA compared to those with pseudocysts (19,993 +/- 9418 vs. 53 +/- 20 microg/L, P=0.002) and SCA (0.4 +/- 0.1 microg/L; P=0.02), but in the patient with malignant EC, the patient with CPN, and the patient with glucagonoma, CEA was normal. HCGalpha, hCGbeta, CA 19-9, CA 242, CA 125, CA 15-3, alpha fetoprotein, and tissue polypeptide antigen could not distinguish between MCA vs. pseudocyst or SCA, because both normal and elevated values were seen in all groups. To our knowledge, this is the first time that TATI has been quantitated in the cyst fluid of patients with cystic pancreatic lesions. It appears to be a potential marker in the differential diagnosis of benign from malignant cystic pancreatic lesions.
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PMID:Cyst fluid tumor-associated trypsin inhibitor may be helpful in the differentiation of cystic pancreatic lesions. 1523 93


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