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Query: UMLS:C0432222 (SEM)
 47,337 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A neonatal lamb model has been developed to examine the regulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF) and oxygen metabolism during the critical period after an asphyxial insult. Nine newborn lambs had control measurements and timed measurements after asphyxia of CBF (radioactive microsphere technique), arterial and cerebral venous (sagittal sinus) blood gases and oxygen contents performed. Immediately after resuscitation from asphyxia, there was a marked increase in CBF compared to control (239 +/- 22 versus 82 +/- 7 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1, mean +/- SEM; p less than 0.01). Cerebral oxygen delivery (CBF X arterial O2 content) increased from 12.87 +/- 1.20 to 37.40 +/- 3.40 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1 (p less than 0.01), while cerebral O2 consumption was significantly decreased compared to control (4.75 +/- 0.42 to 3.42 +/- 0.46 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1, p less than 0.05). Cerebral fractional O2 extraction, the relationship between oxygen uptake and delivery fell from 0.38 +/- 0.03 to 0.09 +/- 0.02; p less than 0.01. This reactive hyperemia was followed in all animals by a period of hypoperfusion. CBF (52 +/- 4 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1), O2 delivery (7.94 +/- 0.50 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1), and cerebral O2 consumption (3.34 +/- 0.24 ml X 100 g-1 X min-1) were all significantly depressed when compared to control. These data demonstrate important changes in CBF and O2 metabolism after neonatal asphyxia that may be important to the pathogenesis of brain injury.
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PMID:Cerebral blood flow and O2 metabolism after asphyxia in neonatal lambs. 373 91

Insulin (I) plays a crucial role in the maturation of the perinatal brain, and it may also be involved in the pathogenesis of neonatal brain injuries. The aim of the present study was to reveal the effect of neonatal asphyxia on the regulation of I and glucose (G) metabolism in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in newborn piglets. The I concentrations were measured by radioimmunoassay, while the G levels were analyzed by the G oxidase method during three phases (basal, critical, recovery) of bilateral pneumothorax in newborn piglets. We observed a significant hyperinsulinism (p < 0.001) both in plasma and CSF and a mild hypoglycemia (p < 0.05) during the recovery period. Postasphyxial G infusion (1.1 M, 10 ml.kg-1) amplified the hyperinsulinism. The ICSF/plasma ratio (mean +/- SEM; n = 16) was decreasing during cardiovascular failure (0.09 +/- 0.02; NS) as compared with the initial value (0.12 +/- 0.04), then it returned to basal values by 60 min (0.14 +/- 0.04; NS), and increased significantly 180 min (0.40 +/- 0.14; p < 0.05) after resuscitation of the piglets. There was a similar increase in GCSF/plasma ratio in asphyxiated animals at the end of experiments (0.99 +/- 0.15 vs. initial 0.76 +/- 0.05; p < 0.05). In conclusion, neonatal asphyxia resulted in plasma and CSF hyperinsulinism which may alter hypoxic-ischemic cerebral damages.
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PMID:Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid hyperinsulinism in asphyxiated piglets. 895 16