Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0409974 (lupus)
 22,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from patients with a variety of neurological disorders were assayed to determine the concentrations of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), the active cofactor of hydroxylases. Dihydroneopterin (NH2) and neopterin (N), which are linked with BH4 synthesis and are inflammatory biochemical markers, were also measured simultaneously in a number of patients. 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and homovanillic acid (HVA), the main products of serotonin and dopamine breakdown, were analyzed in parallel whenever possible. As BH4 and NH2 are difficult to analyze owing to their instability, CSF samples were collected under special conditions to preserve the reduced BH4 and NH2. Liquid chromatographic assays and detection of the various substances measured also required particular precautions. BH4 concentrations were elevated in patients with neurological disorders such as syphilis and lupus-like disease and especially in an AIDS patient with neurological complications with an increased N/BH4 ratio.
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PMID:High-performance liquid chromatographic measurement of cerebrospinal fluid tetrahydrobiopterin, neopterin, homovanillic acid and 5-hydroxindoleacetic acid in neurological diseases. 752 48

We investigated a possible association between markers of immune activation and disease activity in 52 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Serum concentrations of neopterin, beta-2-microglobulin, 55 kD-type soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor, soluble interleukin-2 receptor and soluble CD8 were compared to the Index of European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement (ECLAM). All markers of immune activation, except sCD8, significantly correlated with ECLAM. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis revealed erythrocyte sedimentation rate and neopterin to correlate best with ECLAM (multiple correlation coefficient = 0.74, P < 0.001). The study shows that serum neopterin concentrations are a useful independent index for disease activity in SLE. The finding of enhanced concentrations of various parameters of immune activation in patients confirm a role of the T cell and macrophage activation in the pathogenesis of SLE.
Lupus 1995 Feb
PMID:Serum soluble markers of immune activation and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. 776 35

Lymphocytic vasculitis (LV) characterises systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and this potentially reversible lesion, which may be subclinical, may imply overt systemic disease activity. Needle quadriceps muscle biopsy was performed in 26 unselected patients with SLE and the presence of LV in these muscle specimens was compared with SLE disease activity scored using the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group Index (BILAG). Ten of the 22 patients with active disease showed evidence of LV compared with none of the four patients with inactive disease. In the patient group with LV, significantly higher ESR and urine neopterin values were found with P = 0.002 and P = 0.02, respectively compared with patients without LV. Features of vasculitis (as defined by BILAG) were also significantly more common in these patients (P = 0.005). None of the other parameters, including creatine kinase, were significantly different between the two patient subgroups. Thus, LV in needle quadriceps muscle biopsy specimens is a further valuable marker of disease activity in patients with SLE and might provide histological evidence of a systemic vasculitic process in a group of patients with diverse clinical manifestations.
Lupus 1995 Apr
PMID:Skeletal muscle lymphocytic vasculitis in systemic lupus erythematosus: relation to disease activity. 779 20

A 52-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of a skin rash, high fever and myalgia. She had been diagnosed ten years ago by a dermatologist as having MCTD (mixed connective tissue disease). At the time of admission a diagnosis of active SLE was made by fulfilling four of the 1982 ARA criteria together with increasing levels of anti-DNA antibody and low levels of complements. Prednisolone (PSL) given orally in an initial dosage of 60 mg/day was effective during the first 6 weeks. Then a high fever, skin rash and pancytopenia appeared without active findings of SLE. Infection caused by bacteria, fungus or virus was suspected, but no infectious agent was present in cultures derived from blood or other sources. Antimicrobic drugs used were not effective at all. The clinical picture was suggestive of a drug allergy, but no causative drug was found. A diagnosis of hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) was made because of the increased number of unusual hemophagocytic cells in the bone marrow. High levels of serum ferritin and neopterin, which are known to reflect macrophage activation, supported the diagnosis of HPS. HPS is characterized by activated phagocytosis presumably induced by hypersecretion of cytokines. Malignant lymphoma and infection are the two representative diseases which may cause HPS. Recently, an acute lupus HPS was reported in patients with active SLE. Here we reported a case of reactive HPS observed in a patient with SLE who had been receiving high dose PSL. Symptoms and findings of the patient gradually disappeared in several weeks after rapid reduction of the PSL dose.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Hemophagocytic syndrome observed in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus]. 797 30

OBJECTIVES--To investigate urine neopterin as a parameter of disease activity in an unselected group of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and to study the relation between urine neopterin and certain patterns of organ disease and differing drug regimens in the treatment of SLE. METHODS--Neopterin was determined by high performance liquid chromatography in 115 early morning urine samples from 68 patients with SLE. Serum soluble interleukin 2 receptor (sIL-2R) and antibodies to double stranded DNA (dsDNA) were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), plasma C3, C4, and C3 degradation products (C3dg) were measured in corresponding blood samples. Disease activity was scored using the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) index. RESULTS--Urine neopterin was significantly increased in patients with active and inactive SLE compared with the control group and was significantly higher in patients with active than in those with inactive SLE. Urine neopterin did not distinguish between subsets of patients with SLE with particular patterns of organ disease, as defined by the BILAG index, nor was its level primarily influenced by differing drug regimens. Levels of serum sIL-2R, antibodies to dsDNA, the ESR, and plasma C3, C4, and C3dg were also significantly different between the patients with active and inactive SLE. Unlike urine neopterin there was considerable overlap in the values of these parameters between the two activity groups. Highly significant correlations found between urine neopterin and serum sIL-2R, ESR, and plasma C3, C4, and C3dg suggest the close association of neopterin with clinical activity in SLE. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that urine neopterin > 300 mumol/mol creatinine was a highly significant predictor of disease activity with an odds ratio of 3.51. CONCLUSIONS--Determination of urine neopterin, a non-invasive, relatively simple and inexpensive measurement, appears to be the best parameter for assessing and monitoring disease activity and treatment in patients with SLE.
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PMID:Urine neopterin as a parameter of disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: comparisons with serum sIL-2R and antibodies to dsDNA, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and plasma C3, C4, and C3 degradation products. 832 94

The purpose of this paper is to establish whether there is increased lymphocyte adhesion molecule density in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), which could alter the migration pathways and activation thresholds of lymphocytes and thus contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. We analysed the CD11a, CD29 and CD2 bound antibody molecule (bam) density on the CD4+ and CD8+ CAMhigh (primed) lymphocytes of 28 SLE patients (8 active and 20 inactive by BILAG), using reproducible flow cytometric measurements, standardized with fluorescent beads and antibodies of known fluorescein: protein ratios. In a second patient cohort (17 patients), we investigated whether CD29 density on CD8+ cells correlated with measures of humoral (serum IgG) or cellular (urine neopterin) activation. In the first cohort, 36% of patients had elevated CD29 (beta 1 integrin) density on CD8+ cells. In the second cohort, CD29 density on CD8+ cells was found to be closely associated with total plasma IgG (r = 0.71, P = 0.001), but not with urine neopterin, disease activity (BILAG) or drug treatment. We conclude that CD29 on CD8+ cells is associated with B cell activation in SLE.
Lupus 1997
PMID:Correlation between CD29 density on CD8+ lymphocytes and serum IgG in systemic lupus erythematosus. 917 23

Goal of this study was to monitor levels of serum neopterin and soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2r) and to evaluate their importance in monitoring activity of systemic lupus erythematodes (SLE). Levels of serum neopterin, anti-dsDNA antibodies, C3, C4 complement components, nucleosomes antibodies, IL-10, fas ligand, soluble thrombomodulin, sVCAM-1, and sICAM-1 were measured in a group of 52 patients with SLE. Positive correlations were proved between neopterin concentrations and disease activity (ECLAM), levels of sVCAM-1, sICAM-1, sIL-2r and thrombomodulin, further between sIL-2r level and disease activity (ECLAM), and concentrations sVCAM-1, sICAM-1 and neopterin. Higher values of neopterin and sIL-2r levels were identified in patients with lupus nephritis compared to patients without kidney impairment. Statistically significant differences were identified in levels of neopterin between a subgroup (A) with minimum disease activity and a subgroup (B) with increasing disease activity (p = 0.01) and a subgroup (C) with decreasing disease activity (p = 0.003 ) and a subgroup (LN) with lupus nephritis (0.007) during the first and the third series of measurements. sIL2r levels which had in all subgroups very varied values were the lowest in the subgroup A with minimum disease activity during the whole time of monitoring. The highest levels reached the free receptor IL-2 in the subgroup B with increasing disease activity and in the subgroup with lupus nephritis. Statistically significant differences in values were identified between the subgroup A (non-active) and the subgroup LN (lupus nephritis) with p = 0.01 during the first set of the measurements. Fluctuation of sIL-2r levels in individual subgroups during the time of monitoring did not reach statistically important levels. In conclusion it could be said that potential practical utilization of the measurement of concentrations of the two mentioned molecules should be seen especially in monitoring disease activity because they don't contribute to SLE with needed information. Their always low values have favourable prognostic impact in monitoring patients with SLE and vise versa.
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PMID:[Neopterin and a soluble interleukin-2 receptor in patients with systemic lupus erythematodes]. 1534 34

Increased lymphocyte apoptosis and defects in macrophage removal of apoptotic cells have been suggested to contribute to the development of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between peripheral lymphocyte apoptosis, macrophage function as determined by the serum levels of neopterin and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and SLE disease activity. Peripheral apoptotic lymphocytes (AL) were detected by annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) staining and flow cytometry. Serum levels of neopterin and IFN-gamma were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). SLE disease activity was determined using the systemic lupus activity measure (SLAM) and the serum titer of anti-dsDNA antibodies. The percentage of AL in the peripheral blood of active SLE patients was significantly higher (13.07+/-7.39%, n=30) than that of the inactive SLE patients (4.08+/-3.55%, n=8, p<0.01) and normal controls (5.13+/-3.37%, n=11, p<0.01). Serum levels of neopterin in active SLE patients were significantly higher (1.39+/-1.10 microg/dl, n=22) than in controls (0.26+/-0.19 microg/dl, n=20, p<0.01). Serum levels of IFN-gamma in active SLE patients were elevated (58.97+/-34.52 ng/l, n=15) when compared with controls (28.06+/-2.35 ng/l, n=16, p<0.05). The percentage of AL correlated significantly with serum levels of neopterin (r=0.446, p<0.05, n=22) and SLAM score (r=0.533, p<0.001, n=38), but not with the serum levels of IFN-gamma. The SLAM score also correlated with the serum levels of neopterin (r=0.485, p<0.05, n=22), but not with those of IFN-gamma. Our study supported the hypothesis that increased lymphocyte apoptosis has a pathogenic role in SLE. The increased levels of serum neopterin may suggest an attempt of the patients' macrophage system to remove the apoptotic cell excess. Since serum levels of neopterin correlated with the overall lupus disease activity, they may be regarded as an index of SLE disease activity.
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PMID:Lymphocyte apoptosis and macrophage function: correlation with disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. 1581 11

Neopterin is a low-molecular mass substance synthesized from guanosine triphosphate (GTP) in monocytes/macrophages due to IFNgamma stimulation. The cellular immune system is involved in or affected by the disease process in various conditions such as viral infections (AIDS), autoimmune disorders (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosis, Crohn's disease), malignancy and monitoring after solid organ transplants. Similar to procalcitonin, neopterin determination can assist in the differential diagnosis between viral and bacterial infection and as an indicator for impending septic complications (MODS vs. sepsis). Because of fact that reduced glamerular filtration rate neopterin accumulates in the blood, neopterin determination in multiorgan failure or sepsis patients are limited. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of neopterin in clinical diagnostics.
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PMID:[Role of neopterin in clinical diagnostics]. 1646 8

This study assessed the utility of some novel inflammatory markers compared with traditional laboratory markers in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In a cohort of 43 SLE patients (19 with inactive and 24 with active SLE) and 20 healthy controls, serial measures of soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM-1) were significantly associated with SLE disease activity, scored using the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group index. Inflammatory markers neopterin and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule (sICAM-1) appeared to be clinically useful for isolated assessments of disease activity. Both antibodies to double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) and sVCAM-1 were relatively good markers of disease activity and could help to predict remission or monitorthe therapeutic response in SLE.
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PMID:Immunoinflammatory markers and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus: something old, something new. 2146 72


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