Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0409974 (lupus)
 22,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Abnormalities in host immunologic defenses may be associated with melanoma and lupus erythematosus, In two patients, cutaneous lupus erythematosus developed in the course of melanoma. Immunoglobulin deposits and complement were seen on direct immunofluorescence of exposed uninvolved skin. One patient was undergoing immunotherapy with BCG vaccine when the eruption occurred.
 ...
PMID:Cutaneous lupus erythematosus associated with melanoma and BCG vaccine therapy. 45 95

A case of intradermal BCG vaccination was complicated by a lupus-like tuberculosis cutis progressive for over 30 years. The patient had been vaccinated twice with BCG in the affected site. A review of other BCG vaccine-induced cases of lupus vulgaris indicates that the incidence of this complication is markedly increased following multiple BCG vaccinations, but is rare following a single BCG vaccination. In our patient a skin biopsy specimen was characteristic for lupus vulgaris. Acid-fast stains from the tissue and cultures from the affected site were negative. The patient was successfully treated with rifampin.
 ...
PMID:BCG vaccine-induced lupus vulgaris. 706 66

As we move into the 21st century, cutaneous tuberculosis has re-emerged in areas with a high incidence of HIV infection and multi-drug resistant pulmonary tuberculosis. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium bovis, and the BCG vaccine cause tuberculosis involving the skin. True cutaneous tuberculosis lesions can be acquired either exogenously or endogenously, show a wide spectrum of morphology and M. tuberculosis can be diagnosed by acid-fast bacilli (AFB) stains, culture or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). These lesions include tuberculous chancre, tuberculosis verrucosa cutis, lupus vulgaris, scrofuloderma, orificial tuberculosis, miliary tuberculosis, metastatic tuberculosis abscess and most cases of papulonecrotic tuberculid. The tuberculids, like cutaneous tuberculosis, show a wide spectrum of morphology but M. tuberculosis is not identified by AFB stains, culture or PCR. These lesions include lichen scrofulosorum, nodular tuberculid, most cases of nodular granulomatous phlebitis, most cases of erythema induratum of Bazin and some cases of papulonecrotic tuberculid. Diagnosis of cutaneous tuberculosis is challenging and requires the correlation of clinical findings with diagnostic testing; in addition to traditional AFB smears and cultures, there has been increased utilization of PCR because of its rapidity, sensitivity and specificity. Since most cases of cutaneous tuberculosis are a manifestation of systemic involvement, and the bacillary load in cutaneous tuberculosis is usually less than in pulmonary tuberculosis, treatment regimens are similar to that of tuberculosis in general. In the immunocompromised, such as an HIV infected patient with disseminated miliary tuberculosis, rapid diagnosis and prompt initiation of treatment are paramount. Unfortunately, despite even the most aggressive efforts, the prognosis in these individuals is poor when multi-drug resistant mycobacterium are present. An increased awareness of the re-emergence of cutaneous tuberculosis will allow for the proper diagnosis and management of this increasingly common skin disorder.
 ...
PMID:Cutaneous tuberculosis: diagnosis and treatment. 1206 38