Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0409974 (lupus)
 22,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Mycofenolate mofetil (MMF-Cellcept) is an immunomodulatory drug utilized extensively in transplant medicine. The efficacy of regimes including Cellcept in preventing allograft rejection, and in the treatment of rejection, is now firmly established. The immunosuppressive actions of this drug enabled the investigation for the beneficial effects in autoimmune diseases. We review the evidence for the contribution of MMF in autoimmunity in animal models of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), mercury induced autoimmune glomerulonephritis, diabetes mellitus, experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis, and experimental allergic encephalitis. MMF has an influence on the T and B cell pathways. It is immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory.
Lupus 2005
PMID:Mycophenolate mofetil in animal models of autoimmune disease. 1580 26

This review covers the major advances in the therapeutic potentials related to systemic lupus erythematosus published in Medline between 2000 and February 2005. Controlled, open and Phase I-III trials were included. Anecdotal reports were excluded. Several trials have defined the role of cyclophosphamide, methotrexate, antimalarials, hormonal treatment and mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept) in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus. The aims of novel biologics for systemic lupus erythematosus are to target the autoimmune disease at different points: B-cell depletion (rituximab [Rituxan], anti-BLys antibodies [Lymphostat-B]), inhibition of T-B interaction (rituximab), blockade of cytokines (anti-interleukin-10 antibodies), manipulation of idiotypes (intravenous immunoglobulin), tolerance induction to DNA and immunoglobulin-peptides and peptide therapy (abetimus sodium [Riquent]). Low-dose intravenous cyclophosphamide (Euro-Lupus protocol) is as effective as the conventional National Institutes of Health protocol and is also associated with less toxicity. Stem cell transplantation for severe disease induces remission in most patients, however, the relapse rate in a third of patients and the associated morbity and mortality restricts its use to selected patients with life-threatening disease. Intravenous immunoglobulin, although utilized in open trials, is effective and safe for various manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus. Major advances have been associated with mycophenolate mofetil and rituximab. Mycophenolate mofetil is effective for induction and maintenance therapy of lupus proliferative glomerulonephritis and is associated with fewer adverse events than monthly intravenous cyclophosphamide. Rituximab is a promising agent, and although its utilization is presently limited, it appears to be effective for lupus patients with severe disease.
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PMID:Novel approaches to therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus: update 2005. 2047 36

Systemic Lupus erythematosus often involves the kidney. Classification created by the World Health Organization (I-V) grades patients with lupus nephritis, as diagnosed by renal biopsy and those with high grade nephritis (III and above) for treatment in order to preserve renal survival. Today the accepted treatment includes combination of steroids and cycLophosphamide. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF, Cellcept), is an immunosuppressive agent that inhibits the purine de novo synthesis pathway. Mycophenotate mofetil mainly inhibits the proliferation of Lymphocytes and is commonly used for rejection prevention after solid organ transplantations. Three meta-analyses were performed with several hundred patients in each. ALL meta-analyses showed, with statistical significance (p < 0.05), an advantage in remission rates for MMF with a relative risk (RR) of 1.5 to 3.0. All meta-anaLyses reported statisticaLLy significant Lower rates of infectious complications (RR between 0.65 to 0.5) and amenorrhea was seen with a lower rate in all meta-analyses, although it was statically significant only in one. Treatment with MMF is associated with increased rates of gastrointestinal side effects, although only one meta-analysis showed this in a statisticaLly significant manner.
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PMID:[Mycophenolate mofetil as a novel treatment for lupus nephritis]. 2180 Apr 96