Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0409974 (lupus)
 22,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Acne rosacea is a common skin disorder which affects adults, usually women. Erythema, papules, pustules and telangiectases, the main clinical manifestations of the disease are located on the face. Currently opinions dealing with pathogenesis and clinical forms of rosacea are presented. As the clinical picture might be confusing, similar to other illnesses, differential diagnosis with other dermatoses like acne vulgaris, erysipelas, seborrhoeic and contact eczema as well as systemic diseases like lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, sarcoidosis and leukemia were discussed.
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PMID:[Acne rosacea--diagnostic challenge]. 1720 9

The topical calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs) pimecrolimus and tacrolimus are approved for atopic dermatitis but have additional potential in other inflammatory skin diseases. This article reviews their clinical use in non-atopic dermatitis diseases. In seborrheic dermatitis, asteatotic eczema, and contact dermatitis, TCIs are of great benefit and can compete with topical corticosteroids. In psoriasis, TCIs have shown clinical efficacy and safety in facial and intertriginous lesions. Further investigations into possible combinations of TCIs with other established treatments such as UVB irradiation in this disorder are necessary. Initial studies in cutaneous lupus erythematosus have been promising, whereas the response in rosacea and rosacea-like eruptions has been mixed. TCIs have been associated with good clinical responses in oral lichen planus and anogenital lichen sclerosus et atrophicus. In vitiligo, TCIs are associated with some degree of repigmentation, with better results being seen in children and in facial and neck areas. TCIs have a synergistic effect with UVB irradiation in vitiligo. There is a long list of small series and case reports documenting use of TCIs in various other skin conditions that warrant further validation. Although the established mode of action of TCIs is T-cell control, other effects also need to be considered. Specifically, TCIs reduce pruritus and erythema, which cannot be explained by T-cell interactions, and further investigations are needed in these fields.
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PMID:The role of topical calcineurin inhibitors for skin diseases other than atopic dermatitis. 1749 44

Mucin deposit is a feature that is not commonly mentioned in textbooks when talking about rosacea. Nevertheless, it is one of the prominent findings of a severe variant of the phymatous type of rosacea known as the fibrous type. We retrospectively investigated 20 cases of early stages of rosacea and examined the mucin deposit in them, with histochemical stains (Alcian Blue and Periodic Acid-Schiff). We found granulomas in 20% of these cases. Alcian Blue positive deposits of mucin were found in all cases with granulomas. The mucin was located in the granulomas (four cases) as well as in the infundibulum (one case). No deposits of mucin were evidenced in the dermis out of the granulomas, apart from the normal mucin of papillary and adventicial dermis. Periodic Acid-Schiff did not show any deposits in any case. Serologic lupus markers were negative in all patients with mucin deposits. We conclude that: (a) mucin is a common finding in granulomas of rosacea; (b) this mucin is probably not related to any progression to the mucinous variant of rhinophyma; (c) since discoid erythematosus lupus is a clinical differential of rosacea, it is important to be aware of the fact that mucin is a common finding in the granulomas, in order not to misdiagnose both entities.
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PMID:Mucin is not a rare finding in rosacea. 2019 Nov 22

Tinea incognito was first described 50 years ago. It is a dermatophytic infection with a clinical presentation modified by previous treatment with topical or systemic corticosteroids, as well as by the topical application of immunomodulators such as pimecrolimus and tacrolimus. Tinea incognito usually resembles neurodermatitis, atopic dermatitis, rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis, lupus erythematosus, or contact dermatitis, and the diagnosis is frequently missed or delayed.
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PMID:Tinea incognito. 2034 54

A 28-year-old woman presented with a 2-year history of idiopathic, chronic blepharitis unresponsive to several courses treatment of corticosteroid eye drops. Physical examination was notable for edematous, erythematous plaques of the lower eyelids with madarosis in the absence of preceding skin scarring. Biopsy specimen was obtained and diagnosis of discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) was made. DLE is a chronic, cutaneous disease that is clinically characterized by a malar rash, acute erythema, and discoid lesions. Localized DLE occurs when the head and neck only are affected, while widespread DLE occurs when other areas are affected, regardless of whether disease of the head and neck is seen. Patients with widespread involvement often have hematologic and serologic abnormalities, are more likely to develop systemic lupus erythematosus, and are more difficult to treat. A number of skin diseases may be confused with DLE, such as psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, rosacea, lupus vulgaris, sarcoidosis, Bowen's disease, polymorphous light eruption, lichen planopilaris, dermatomyositis, granuloma annulare, and granuloma faciale. Palpebral lesions may rarely be the presenting or sole manifestation of the disease and lower eyelid involvement is seen in 6% of patients with chronic, cutaneous lupus erythematosus. DLE should therefore be considered as a differential diagnosis in chronic blepharitis or madarosis that persists despite usual medical management and eyelid hygiene. The patient was treated successfully with hydroxychloroquine. The skin lesions resolved with minimal scarring.
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PMID:Palpebral involvement as a presenting and sole manifestation of discoid lupus erythematosus. 2105 26

A 45-year-old male presented with a 6 month history of an enlarging smooth, erythematous plaque over the central part of his face. Mild erythema of both eyes was present. Sarcoidosis, Hansen disease, lupus vulgaris, cutaneous leishmaniasis, pseudolymphoma, foreign body granuloma, granuloma faciale, discoid lupus erythematosus, and granulomatous rosacea were considered in the differential diagnosis. CBC, urinalysis, renal function tests, liver function tests, serum electrolytes, and blood sugar were all normal. Chest X-ray and ECG revealed no abnormality. Serology for syphilis and HIV, and mantoux test were negative. Slit-skin smear, tissue smear and culture for AFB and fungi were negative. Skin biopsy revealed multiple non-caseating epitheloid granulomas around the pilosebaceous unit suggestive of granulomatous rosacea. Granulomatous rosacea, a rare entity comprising only about 10 percent of cases of rosacea can mimic many granulomatous conditions both clinically and histologically making the diagnosis an enigma. It usually presents as yellowish brown-red discrete papules on the face; non-caseating epithelioid granulomas are seen on histology examination. We herein report the case because it presented in atypical fashion, as a solitary indurated plaque on the nose, likely representing Morbihan's disease or solid persistent facial edema of rosacea (rosacea lymphedema).
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PMID:Granulomatous rosacea: unusual presentation as solitary plaque. 2138 92

Perioral dermatitis is a relatively common inflammatory disorder of facial skin, often appearing in patients with rosacea, but with less inflammation. A typical perioral dermatitis presentation occurs with the eruption of papules and pustules confined to the nasolabial folds and the skin of the chin. Clinically, small pink papules and pustules may recur over weeks to months, sometimes with fine scales. The differential diagnosis includes seborrheic dermatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, acne vulgaris, lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei, steroid-induced rosacea, and even basal cell carcinoma. The histopathology is similar to that found in rosacea. With advancement of the process, a perivascular and perifollicular lymphohistiocytic infiltrate develops. Sebaceous hyperplasia may be prominent in some patients. The most severe forms of disease show perifollicular noncaseating epithelioid granulomas. Treatment may include topical metronidazole as for rosacea (once or twice daily), azelaic acid cream, benzyl peroxide preparations, and to a lesser degree, topical erythromycin, clindamycin, or tetracycline. Oral tetracycline, doxycycline, or minocycline may also be helpful in presentations that are more resistant.
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PMID:Perioral dermatitis. 2139 55

Rosacea is a common skin disease with a high impact on quality of life. Characterized by erythema, edema, burning pain, immune infiltration, and facial skin fibrosis, rosacea has all the characteristics of neurogenic inflammation, a condition induced by sensory nerves via antidromically released neuromediators. To investigate the hypothesis of a central role of neural interactions in the pathophysiology, we analyzed molecular and morphological characteristics in the different subtypes of rosacea by immunohistochemistry, double immunofluorescence, morphometry, real-time PCR, and gene array analysis, and compared the findings with those for lupus erythematosus or healthy skin. Our results showed significantly dilated blood and lymphatic vessels. Signs of angiogenesis were only evident in phymatous rosacea. The number of mast cells and fibroblasts was increased in rosacea, already in subtypes in which fibrosis is not clinically apparent, indicating early activation. Sensory nerves were closely associated with blood vessels and mast cells, and were increased in erythematous rosacea. Gene array studies and qRT-PCR confirmed upregulation of genes involved in vasoregulation and neurogenic inflammation. Thus, dysregulation of mediators and receptors implicated in neurovascular and neuroimmune communication may be crucial at early stages of rosacea. Drugs that function on neurovascular and/or neuroimmune communication may be beneficial for the treatment of rosacea.
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PMID:Neurovascular and neuroimmune aspects in the pathophysiology of rosacea. 2207 28

Rosacea is a frequent chronic inflammatory skin disease of unknown etiology. Because early rosacea reveals all characteristics of neurogenic inflammation, a central role of sensory nerves in its pathophysiology has been discussed. Neuroinflammatory mediators and their receptors involved in rosacea are poorly defined. Good candidates may be transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels of vanilloid type (TRPV), which can be activated by many trigger factors of rosacea. Interestingly, TRPV2, TRPV3, and TRPV4 are expressed by both neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Here, we analyzed the expression and distribution of TRPV receptors in the various subtypes of rosacea on non-neuronal cells using immunohistochemistry, morphometry, double immunoflourescence, and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) as compared with healthy skin and lupus erythematosus. Our results show that dermal immunolabeling of TRPV2 and TRPV3 and gene expression of TRPV1 is significantly increased in erythematotelangiectatic rosacea (ETR). Papulopustular rosacea (PPR) displayed an enhanced immunoreactivity for TRPV2, TRPV4, and also of TRPV2 gene expression. In phymatous rosacea (PhR)-affected skin, dermal immunostaining of TRPV3 and TRPV4 and gene expression of TRPV1 and TRPV3 was enhanced, whereas epidermal TRPV2 staining was decreased. Thus, dysregulation of TRPV channels also expressed by non-neuronal cells may be critically involved in the initiation and/or development of rosacea. TRP ion channels may be targets for the treatment of rosacea.
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PMID:Distribution and expression of non-neuronal transient receptor potential (TRPV) ion channels in rosacea. 2218 89

Dermatological research has been very active this year. Most of the numerous fields investigated involve the mechanisms of cutaneous regeneration and barrier function. A novel target of early ultraviolet-induced skin photodamage, the Syk kinase, has been recently identified. Synergistic relationship between telomere damage and cutaneous progerin production during cell senescence may also participate in the natural skin aging process. Interestingly, ultraviolet radiation induces an inhibitory effect on subcutaneous lipogenesis. Androgenetic alopecia or common baldness is not characterized by loss of hair follicle stem cells but by a defect in the conversion of hair follicle stem cells into active progenitor cells. It has been shown that the cornified envelope functions not only as a physicomechanical barrier, but also as both a biochemical line of antoxidant defense and an immunological line of defense. Like human papillomaviruses, Merckel cell polyomavirus belongs to the skin microbiome and different studies have demonstrated the protective role of epidermal resident microflora through the activation of innate immunity. Production of antimicrobial peptides and the activation of inflammasome and plasmacytoid dendritic cells are involved in the modulation of the cutaneous barrier function. Results from different studies suggest that IL-22 and IL-36 may be common mediators of both innate and adaptive immune responses. All these pathways interact not only to maintain cutaneous homeostasis and integrity (wound healing) but also to regulate autoinflammatory and autoimmune dermatoses (psoriasis, lupus, rosacea, atopic dermatitis, etc...). In addition, molecular mechanisms that regulate T helper type 2 differentiation and the retention at the site of inflammation of Th2 cells have been identified. New promising therapeutic targets for different chronic dermatosis are thus suggested. Mechanobiology and mechanotransduction are also emerging fields that investigate mechanical interactions between living cells and their environment and the conversion of mechanical cues into biochemical signals. Electronic second skin is now a current concept through bio-integrated epidermal electronics platforms used for different monitoring and stimulations of body functions.
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PMID:[What's new in dermatological research?]. 2220 44


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