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 22,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A review of medical history concerning case history reports of adverse clinical manifestations of hormonal contraceptives is presented. The unusual complicatons described are: gingivitis, dilation of the ureters, masculinization of the female fetus, candidiasis, ischemic colitis, megaloblastic anemia, chorea, alopecia, chloasma pigmentation, prophyria, photosensitivity, herpes gestationis, lupus, erythematous syndrone, erythema modosum and corneal irritation. The pathophysiology of the lesion and its relation to hormone action are presented.
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PMID:Unusal signs and symptoms associated with oral contraceptive medication. 110 27

Three years after the onset of lupus erythematosus, blisters, erosions, and erythema of the gingivae developed in a 31-year-old man. A diagnosis of cicatricial pemphigoid was established by routine and immunofluorescence microscopy studies. An association between cictricial pemphigoid and other autoimmune disorders seems to be rare. This case demonstrates the importance of performing immunofluorescence microscopy studies, as well as routine histologic assessments, of conditions that resemble desquamative gingivitis.
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PMID:Cicatricial pemphigoid in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. 700 3

As interest in women's health issues grows, there is increasing concern that today's practice of medicine may not meet the health needs of women. A primary reason is the gender bias that has been inherent in medical education, research and clinical practice. The prevailing medical viewpoint has often been that the male body is considered to be the norm and that the female body exactly the same except for the reproductive function. This attitude has led to a lack of interest in researching gender differences and a consequent lack of knowledge of women's health issues. Fortunately, there is a movement for change. The Women's Health Interschool Curriculum Committee was formed in January 1992 to develop curricula concerning women's health and examine bias that may exist in existing curricula. The Canadian Women's Health Network has been growing across the country and there have been calls to create a new specialty in women's health. According to Angell, this proposal for a new specialty was provocatively debated in the Journal of Women's Health, which started publication in 1992. There is also a growing concern on how to conduct better research to address women's health needs. As more attention is paid to women's health issues, what will happen in the area of oral health? In health care, it would seem that the mouth has become completely separated from the rest of the body. Health conferences rarely have any oral health content at all. To correct this problem, there must be an increase in general awareness of the importance of oral health as it relates to the overall health of both women and men. Good oral health is more than just decay-free teeth. Oral health encompasses the teeth, the supporting periodontal structures, soft tissues of the mouth and oral pharynx area, temporomandibular joints and muscles of mastication. The mouth is a gateway to the body and will also reflect many systemic health problems, such as diabetes, leukemia and lupus. The second step would be the recognition that women may have different oral health needs and issues than men. The common view may be that teeth are gender free, but how can this be when teeth exist in a body, and that body is male or female? For many years, the primary acknowledged difference between men and women's oral health was pregnancy gingivitis. Like medicine, dentistry must re-examine the viewpoint that women's oral health differs from men's only as it is influenced by reproductive processes. There are many areas where women's oral health may differ from that of men. This paper will explore the literature for potential women's oral health issues in the areas of oral hygiene behaviours, esthetics, eating disorders, temporomandibular disorders, and hormonal influences on periodontal health.
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PMID:Women's oral health issues: an exploration of the literature. 961 Mar 37

Autoimmune bullous diseases (AIBD) are characterized by autoantibodies targeted against adhesion molecules, impairing their formation. According to localization criteria, pemphigus (intraepidermal blister and desmosomal involvement) and pemphigoid (subepidermal blister and dermoepidermal junction involvement) can be distinguished. In two-thirds of the cases, pemphigus vulgaris begins with oral lesions (mainly the buccal mucosa and palate, rarely the gingiva). Skin lesions are usual. Excepting paraneoplastic pemphigus (a recently individualized entity), oral lesions are uncommon in other types of pemphigus. Cicatricial pemphigoid mainly involves oral mucosa, frequently other mucous membranes, and rarely the skin. Gingival involvement is frequent. In case of desquamative gingivitis, the clip sign gives the diagnosis of cicatricial pemphigoid. Ocular involvement is frequent and causes blindness. Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita and IgA linear dermatosis are rare. Bullous pemphigoid and bullous lupus rarely involve the oral mucosa. Diagnosis of AIBD requires a biopsy within the mucosal membrane lesion for pathology examination and another biopsy in a lesion-free area for direct immunofluorescence detection of antibody fixation. Immunoelectron microscopy or immunoblast transfer may be needed for positive diagnosis. Corticosteroids are used to treat pemphigus and dapsone is used for cicatricial pemphigoid. Immunosuppressive therapy is rarely needed.
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PMID:[Bullous autoimmune diseases of the oral mucosa]. 1060 15

The origin of gingival inflammation is occasionally different from that of routine plaque-associated gingivitis, and such non-plaque-associated types of gingivitis often present characteristic clinical features. Examples of such forms of gingivitis are specific bacterial, viral, and fungal infections. Specific bacterial infections of gingiva may be due to Neisseria gonorrhea, Treponema pallidum, streptococci, and other organisms. The most important viral infections of gingiva are herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 and varicella-zoster virus. Fungal infections may be caused by several fungi, the most important of these being Candida species including C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, and C. guillermondii. Gingival histoplasmosis is a granulomatous disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum and, as for the other specific infections of gingiva, a confirmed diagnosis may require histopathologic examination and/or culture. Atypical gingivitis may also occur as gingival manifestations of dermatological diseases, the most relevant of these being lichen planus, pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, erythema multiforme, and lupus erythematosus. Non-plaque induced gingival inflammation can be caused by allergic reactions to dental restorative materials, toothpastes, mouthwashes, and foods. In addition, gingival inflammation may result from toxic reactions, foreign body reactions, or mechanical and thermal trauma.
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PMID:Non-plaque-induced gingival lesions. 1086 72

A review of cutaneous reactions associated with oral contraceptives intended to help the practitioner is presented. The skin responses to gestagens depend upon the sensitivity of the patient, the nature of the gestagen, and the ratio of progestogen to estrogen. Reactions are classified according to their physiologic mechanisms: hormonal effects, immune response, altered porphyrin metabolism, and miscellaneous skin problems. Some of the reactions associated with pseudopregnancy include herpes gestationis, melasma, vaginal candidiasis, cholestatic jaundice, alopecia, and possibly hypertophic gingivitis, neurofibromatosis, and telangiectasia. Hormonal effects include acneform eruptions, diffuse hair loss, and decrease of sebum production. Adverse effects exerted via the immune system include: candidiasis, decreased delayed skin-test reactivity, increased viral infections, flare of lupus erthematosus, erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, photodermatitis, and herpes gestationis. Altered porphyrin metabolism effects include induction of porphyria and of variegate porphyria. Beneficial effects of oral contraceptives include improvement of acne, lessening of premenstrual flaring of aphthous ulcers, and improvement of Fox-Fordyce disease with estrogenic preparations. There is an unclear association between seborrhea, epithelial inclusion cysts, and hidradenitis supporativa and contraceptive therapy.
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PMID:Desirable and undesirable cutaneous effects of oral contraceptives. 1222 28

Melasma, moniliasis, photosensitivity, alopecia, and bullous eruptions are the most frequently reported dermatological side-effects of oral contraceptives. Other conditions reported occasionally as resulting from or being aggravated by these drugs have been acne, hidradenitis suppurativa, seborrhea, and Fox-Fordyce disease. Very rarely erythema nodosum, purpura, lupus erythematosus, increase in number of moles, and hypertrophic gingivitis have been associated. Melasma occurs within months or after a year in most cases, and may pass off gradually after stopping the drug. A malnutrition factor has been suggested and vitamin-B used as therapy. Photosensitivity may be a factor in melasma or occur independently. A period of months is required for the development of moniliasis. Family planning centers with their large numbers of patients should be a help in solving these problems but other specialists are needed also.
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PMID:Oral contraceptive and dermatology. 1230 10

Our objectives were to evaluate the oral health and the masticatory system of 48 juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) patients and to compare them with 48 healthy children and adolescents. Demographic data, clinical manifestations and therapies of JSLE were reviewed. The DMFT index (DMFTI), the plaque (PI) and the gingival bleeding (GI) indices, dental relationship, facial profile, clinical dysfunction and mandibular mobility indices were evaluated. The two groups were homogeneous regarding age, gender, Brazilian social-economic class and dental decay index (P > 0.05). Of note, the medians of the PI and the GI were higher in JSLE patients than in controls (61.5 versus 38.10, P = 0.003 and 26.0 versus 15.95, P = 0.014; respectively). Likewise, a linear statistical correlation was evidenced between the JSLE duration and the GI (P = 0.017, r = 0.11), cumulative dose of prednisone and the PI (P = 0.01, r = 0.385) and cumulative dose of prednisone and the GI ( P = 0.001, r = 0.471). The clinical dysfunction and mandibular mobility indices were higher in JSLE patients versus controls (P = 0.002, P = 0.025). Moreover, the median of the mandibular mobility index was higher in JSLE patients who used at least one immunosuppressive than on those who did not use this medication (P = 0.0001). These results suggest that JSLE patients had an inadequate oral hygiene, higher incidence of gingivitis and temporomandibular joint dysfunction.
Lupus 2007
PMID:Oral health and the masticatory system in juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus. 1772 64

Surgeons may be confronted with providing periodontal plastic or implant therapy for patients with gingival manifestations of systemic conditions. These conditions (often referred to as mucocutaneous disorders) commonly present with features of desquamative gingivitis, which was once believed to represent a disease entity. However, today, the term desquamative gingivitis is used to describe clinical features of various local or systemic diseases or disorders that result in chronic gingival lesions characterized by epithelial desquamation, erythema, ulceration, and/or vesiculobullous lesions of the gingiva. Often, other oral tissues also are involved. Mucocutaneous disorders include such disease entities as lichen planus, graft-versus-host disease, pemphigoid, pemphigus vulgaris, lupus erythematosus, erythema multiforme, and linear IgA disease. Surgeons should be able to recognize these disorders and have the tools necessary to treat these conditions so that they can render the appropriate surgical care. This article describes the diagnosis, etiology, and clinical manifestation of these disease entities, as well as the surgical considerations and management in providing care to these patients.
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PMID:Surgical considerations and management of patients with mucocutaneous disorders. 2058 4

A 36-year-old Thai woman presented with a painful, burning sensation in the gingiva and desquamative gingivitis. Findings from histopathologic and direct immunofluorescence examination of the maxillary gingiva confirmed a diagnosis of pemphigus. Two months later, she developed a round erythematous lesion on her face, and findings from a skin biopsy were consistent with lupus erythematosus. Four years after initial presentation, the patient developed amyotrophic dermatomyositis. Seven years after initial presentation, she developed joint pain and tenositis of the neck, shoulders, knees and ankles, which was diagnosed as asymmetric polyarthritis and multiple enthesopathy. There are no previous reports of pemphigus, discoid lupus erythematosus, and dermatomyositis in a Thai patient.Fluocinolone acetonide 0.1% in Orabase and systemic steroid were effective in treating oral PV in this patient. The gingiva showed complete remission after 10 months of treatment and remission with recession at 8.5 years of follow-up.
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PMID:Pemphigus, discoid lupus erythematosus, and dermatomyositis during an 8-year follow-up period: a case report. 2404 93


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