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Query: UMLS:C0409974 (lupus)
 22,386 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The illegitimate glycosphingolipid antigens of the P blood group system and of the Forssman (Fs) tissue antigen in adenocarcinoma which are foreign to the host suggest the self-nonself concept which applies also to numerous other diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, gluomerulonephritis, and idiopathic acute hemolytic anemia. In the presence of the glycosphingolipid antigens such as ABO, P, and Fs, the normal serum of the homozygote recessive precursor contains antibodies for the missing antigen(s). The expected antibody to the Fs antigen was present in about 75% of normal men and women. In cancer sera, the incidence of anti-Fs was decreased to about 35-40%. On testing the normal population anti-Fs was present in 90% of the sera in the youngest group, and this value gradually diminished in the older groups; the incidence of the antibody in the 70-year age group was to about 60%. The rate of loss of anti-Fs with increasing years appears to parallel the gradual loss of anti-A and anti-B isoagglutinin titers. This phenomenon may be associated with the gradual diminution of protein synthesis with aging or the continuous accumulation of soluble immune complexes in the serum, or both. It is suggested that the self-nonself concept is also the basis for the pathogenesis of rhematoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, idiopathic acute hemolytic anemia, and numerous other conditions classified as "autoimmune" diseases. Some of these diseases are induced by viruses or drugs or both. When a virus or drug attaches itself to the membrane of a tissue cell, the self is converted to nonself which, in rheumatoid arthiritis, alters its self Ig to nonself Ig.
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PMID:Self-nonself concept for cancer and diseases previously known as "autoimmune" diseases (illegitimate transferases/plasma exchange). 28 17

Most people who experience venous thrombosis have normal hemostasis. Some people have inherited deficiencies of protein C, protein S, and antithrombin iii. They tend to have deep venous thrombosis which increases their risk for pulmonary emboli. Some acquired disorders which predisposes people to thrombosis include defective fibrinolysis which often occurs after surgery or infection, Trousseau's syndrome (excessive coagulant activity linked with adenocarcinoma), and lupus anticoagulant which is an immunoglobulin G or M antibody directed against negatively charged phospholipids. Hormones and probably not a dilution effect reduces free and bound protein S levels during pregnancy. Functional protein S activity is still 40-50% below normal levels 1-3 days after delivery. This decrease appears to protect against bleeding but does have venous thrombosis and pulmonary emboli during pregnancy as side effects. Non-oral-contraceptive (OC) users have greatly higher protein S levels than do OC users (28.6 mcg/ml vs. 24.3 mcg/ml; p.005) which gives more credence to the belief that hormones are responsible for the fall in protein S activity during pregnancy. OCs reduce free and total protein S levels almost 20%. Smoking may even further reduce these levels in women during pregnancy and who use Ocs. Women who have had venous thrombosis should not use OCs. Physicians should also consider family history especially age of affected family member, severity of thrombotic episodes, and the clinical setting. They should look for an underlying abnormality in patients who develop thrombosis while using OCs. If thrombosis develops during pregnancy, physicians should call for a venogram, venous duplex scanning, and, if required, invasive tests. The most sensible treatment is intravenous heparin for 5-7 days then therapeutic doses of heparin. Heparin therapy should stop before delivery and be reinstituted shortly thereafter and continued throughout the postpartum period. Physicians should take extra precautions when performing surgery on an OC user.
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PMID:Recent advances in understanding clotting and evaluating patients with recurrent thrombosis. 141 44

Skin affected by a burn cancer is scarred, ulcerated, and often appears as erythema ab igne clinically in adjacent skin. The latent period in burn scar malignancy is much longer for SCC than BCC. Malignant melanoma and various sarcomas are reported to arise in burn scars, too. The other extreme on the temperature scale can less often result in enough permanent acral damage that poor wound healing may eventually result in cancer, usually SCC. About 1% of patients with chronic osteomyelitis develop cancer, usually SCC in sinus tracts. As with tumors arising in burn scars and chronic leg ulcers of varied etiology, black patients are disproportionately overrepresented in osteomyelitic malignancy. In nearly all of the patients with radiation-induced skin cancer, concomitant radiodermatitis is present. As with burn scar and osteomyelitic cancer, x-ray related cancer has a long latent period. Similar to burn scar cancer, SCC predominates in osteomyelitis and occurs on the extremities. BCC, when it arises, is more common on the face and neck in burn- and radiation-induced tumors. Multiple tumors are frequent as is recurrence in x-ray malignancy. Mortality is high: one out of three to four patients with burn scar, osteomyelitic, and radiation cancer die of dermatosis-related malignancy. Recently, radioactivity-contaminated gold rings have been implicated in causing SCC. Carcinoma tends to occur in irradiated benign dermatoses whereas sarcomas tend to complicate irradiated malignancies. Stasis ulceration and anogenital fistulae may rarely lead to cancer, SCC in the former and adenocarcinoma in the latter. SCC can rarely develop in four related conditions (acne conglobata, dissecting perifolliculitis of the scalp, hidradenitis suppurativa, and pilonidal sinus) after a lengthy latent period; prognosis is poor with a high metastatic rate. A whole host of chronic cutaneous infections can lead to malignancy occasionally; these include lupus vulgaris, lymphogranuloma veverum, granuloma inguinale, leprosy, actinomycosis, and candidiasis. BCC more than SCC is known to complicate smallpox vaccination sites. Certain erosive and/or scarring dermatoses other than those mentioned above can be unusually affected by secondary malignancy. Discoid lupus erythematosus lesions often subjected to the carcinogenic effects of sunlight can degenerate into SCC in patients with either light or dark skin. In acrodermatis chronica atrophicans, a condition not often seen in the United States, the involved skin, particularly of the lower extremities, is susceptible to SCC, lymphoma, and BCC. Epidermolysis bullosa, especially the recessive dystrophic variant, can be complicated by SCC on affected mucous membrane and acral skin.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Cancer complicating chronic ulcerative and scarifying mucocutaneous disorders. 307 55

This case report describes the simultaneous occurrence of autoimmune thrombocytopenia and the lupus anticoagulant in a patient with primary adenocarcinoma of the bronchus. Treatment with corticosteroids and plasmapheresis resulted in a return to normal of the partial thromboplastin time and the disappearance of the platelet antibodies. The carcinoma was inoperable.
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PMID:Lung cancer, immune thrombocytopenia and the lupus inhibitor. 312 19

The association of malignancy with lupus-like syndromes is rare, and the relation between these two processes is uncertain. A 71-year-old woman who presented with serositis, Raynaud phenomenon, and positive results on an antinuclear antibody test was initially thought to have systemic lupus erythematosus but was found to have ovarian adenocarcinoma. A unique sparsely speckled antinuclear antibody pattern was seen. The patient's sera reacted to novel antigens with six bands of 100, 80-78, 48, and 17 kD on Western blots not typical of reactivity for sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
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PMID:A novel antinuclear antibody associated with a lupus-like paraneoplastic syndrome. 329 93

The remarkable history of the 1951 pp 66 year old woman with gastric adenocarcinoma is reviewed. After subtotal gastrectomy she survived for 22 years without any metastases. Presumably the artificially induced high titer IgG, anti-P1 proved to be cytotoxic in two stages: (1) binding of anti-P1 to the terminal fifth sugar, galactose, and (2) the action of cellular immunity in the form of killer T derived lymphocytes containing receptors for IgG molecules. An identical mechanism may be operative in inducing abortions in the pp pregnant woman with a P1 fetus. P1 illegitimate glycolipid (GL) red cell antigen and Forssman (Fs) tissue in adenocarcinoma suggest the self-nonself concept because these are genetically foreign to the host. This concept applies also to numerous "autoimmune" diseases such as RA, lupus, glomerulonephritis, Coombs positive hemolytic anemia and other diseases with immune complexes (ICs) of 20--22 Svedberg units deposited as lesions with tissue damage. In the presence of the GL antigens (ABO, P, Fs), the normal serum contains antibodies for the missing antigen(s). The predicted anti-Fs was present in about 80% of normal employees of ages 18--70. In cancer sera the incidence was 35--40%. On testing normal sera by age in terms of decades anti-Fs was present in 93% in the youngest, and only 55% in the oldest group. This may be associated with the gradual loss of protein synthesis with aging and/or the accumulation of soluble ICs which bind the C1q portion of the C added to the test mixture of heat-inactivated serum (1 : 8) g.p. C (1 : 30) and srbc. In "autoimmune" diseases there is an active immune response to viral or bacterial infections or infestations or drugs which attach to rbc and/or tissue cell membranes. This results in the deposition in selected organs of ICs of 20--22 S units with lesions and tissue damage. For therapy plasma (from young donors) exchange has been recommended to compensate for the loss of IgG antibodies and C.
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PMID:The self-nonself concept as a basis for immune complex to replace "autoimmune diseases". 616 23

Poly(A) polymerase (polynucleotide adenylyltransferase; ATP:polynucleotide adenylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.19) was covalently linked to diazobenzyloxymethyl-filters and used to screen the sera from a number of tumor-bearing rats and human cancer patients for antibodies to poly(A) polymerase. Sera from rats that had been inoculated with any of several Morris hepatomas or a mammary adenocarcinoma contained immunoglobulins capable of complexing with poly(A) polymerase. No antibodies to the enzyme could be detected in sera from control animals or from those bearing tumors for short periods of time. Antibodies to poly(A) polymerase were also observed in sera from human patients with leukemia, polycythemia vera, and Wilms tumor. The antibodies were not evident in sera from normal volunteers or from patients with nonneoplastic diseases. These included lupus erythematosus, a disorder in which antibodies are produced against an array of nuclear proteins. Immunoglobulins from the serum of one of the human patients were capable of inhibiting poly(A) polymerase activity in vitro, whereas those prepared from the serum of a normal volunteer did not affect enzyme activity. As determined by the diazobenzyloxymethyl-filter technique, the relative concentration of antibodies in the sera of an individual with leukemia (in remission) increased severalfold during a relapse. These data suggest that the presence of antibodies to poly(A) polymerase may be characteristic of sera from cancer patients and that the relative concentration of these antibodies may be indicative of the disease state.
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PMID:Anti-poly(A) polymerase antibodies in sera of tumor-bearing rats and human cancer patients. 627 86

The association of an acquired inhibitor to factor IX and adenocarcinoma of the sigmoid colon is reported here for the first time. Unlike the lupus anticoagulant, the inhibitor identified did not exhibit marked prolongation of the clotting time using a highly diluted thromboplastin nor was the kinetic behavior of the inhibitor-factor IX interaction time-dependent. Administration of prednisone was associated with the return of the activated partial thromboplastin time to normal values, at which time the tumor was excised and corticosteroids discontinued with no evidence of subsequent factor IX inhibitor activity.
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PMID:Acquired factor IX inhibitor in a patient with adenocarcinoma of the colon. 641 26

Two cases of systemic lupus erythematosus in association with primary gastric adenocarcinoma are presented. A pathological analysis of the two cases of gastric cancer does not support the hypothesis that lupus and its associated vasculitis is involved in the pathogenesis of gastric carcinoma. A critical review of the literature reveals numerous case reports suggesting the association of systemic lupus erythematosus with various malignancies; however, there is no definitive study which substantiates the association of gastric or other cancers with lupus. Future studies will be required to assess appropriately the possibility of an association between lupus and cancer.
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PMID:Systemic lupus erythematosus and gastric carcinoma: a report of two cases and a critical review of the literature. 711 25

We describe seven patients who developed malignancy before, after or at the onset of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). They comprise three cases of breast adenocarcinoma, two cases of Hodgkin's lymphoma, and one each of cholangiocarcinoma and thymoma. Only one of this group had been treated with cytotoxic agents, and five have subsequently died. They belonged to a group of 150 SLE patients, many of whom had been treated with steroids and cytotoxic agents, under long-term follow-up at a specialized lupus clinic. We discuss the reported association of malignancy in patients with SLE.
Lupus 1993 Jun
PMID:The association of malignancy with SLE: an analysis of 150 patients under long-term review. 839 90


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