Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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We radiologists are free to choose DCBE or CTC when patients are referred to us for colonic examination. The studies reported during 2007 have confirmed that CTC is more accurate, preferred by patients, with a shorter room time, fewer complications, lower radiation exposure, and reveals therapeutically significant extracolonic lesions in 5% to 10% of cases, so that it is beginning to seem rather irresponsible to continue to offer routine DCBE examinations. In older patients the yield of extracolonic abnormalities is even greater, with 505 abnormalities found in 268 of 400 consecutive patients aged 70 years and older, including 23 extracolonic malignancies. More than 90 Canadian radiology departments have bought the necessary carbon dioxide insufflators, so there is clearly great interest. Many training workshops are available in Europe and the United States to help radiologists become familiar and skilled with CTC, and it will be helpful to have more local ones within Canada over the next few years. Some studies have shown that CTC can be done with poorer results than those I have quoted, and this is often in the early experience of departments. As large numbers of radiologists train, there is the potential for hundreds of errors while experience is being gained. We have the advantage over endoscopists, in that we can train on known data sets. Several institutions have put together sets of 50 complete CTC cases, mixed abnormal and normal, and these are an ideal training tool so that one can make one's mistakes in training rather than on live patients. One such data set is even available with one of the recent textbooks. Would it be useful for the CAR, or provincial radiology associations, to purchase several of these sets, and make them available for an appropriate fee to radiologists who are learning? CTC technologists will necessarily have a role on the workstations, including doing the primary read. Additional budgets will be needed for CTC with a diminution in fluoroscopy budgets as barium enemas are discontinued. Some larger hospitals may reserve a scanner purely for alimentary tract work- perhaps CTC and CT enterography. The essential administrative breakthrough will be to establish either a technical fee for CTC or an appropriate increase in the hospital global budget to allow high-volume CTC to flourish Nationally standards and guidelines will be needed, and if we are to play a major role in screening, where high standards have to be evaluated and maintained, we may need nationally organized individual audit feedback, much as we have with breast screening. Should the known data sets have a role in training for radiologists embarking on screening or in demonstrating continued competence? It is an exciting time once again for radiologists interested in colonic disease. We now know that CTC can be done very well. The challenges are going to be achieving consistency and deciding which of the 6 areas of opportunity described above are our priorities.
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PMID:Colon imaging in radiology departments in 2008: goodbye to the routine double contrast barium enema. 1906 3

Stunting, chlorosis, and light yellow mottling resembling symptoms of nutrient deficiency were observed in angelonia (Angelonia angustifolia) in commercial production in New York. Numerous, filamentous particles 520 to 540 nm long and spherical virus particles 30 nm in diameter were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in negatively stained partially purified extracts of symptomatic Angelonia leaf tissue. Two viruses, the filamentous potexvirus Alternanthera mosaic virus (AltMV) and the spherical carmovirus Angelonia flower break virus (AnFBV) were subsequently identified on the basis of nucleotide sequence analysis of amplicons generated by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR using total RNA isolated from infected leaf tissue. A 584-bp portion of the replicase-encoding region of the AltMV genome was obtained with the degenerate primers Potex 2RC (5'-AGC ATR GNN SCR TCY TG-3') and Potex 5 (5'-CAY CAR CAR GCM AAR GAT GA-3') (3). Forward (AnFBV CP 1F-5'-AGC CTG GCA ATC TGC GTA CTG ATA-3') and reverse (AnFBV CP 1R-5'-AAT ACC GCC CTC CTG TTT GGA AGT-3') primers based on the published AnFBV genomic sequence (GenBank Accession No. NC_007733) were used to amplify a portion of the viral coat protein (CP) gene. The nucleotide sequence of the amplicon generated using the potexvirus-specific primers (GenBank Accession No. EU679362) was 99% identical to the published AltMV (GenBank Accession No. NC_007731) sequence and the nucleotide sequence of the amplicon obtained using the AnFBV CP primers was 99% identical to the published AnFBV genomic sequence (GenBank Accession No. EU679363). AnFBV occurs widely in angelonia (1) and AltMV has been identified in phlox (2). These data confirm the presence of AltMV and AnFBV in diseased angelonia plants showing stunting and nutrient deficiency-like symptoms and substantiates, to our knowledge, this first report of AltMV in angelonia in the United States. References: (1) S. Adkins et al. Phytopathology 96:460, 2006. (2) J. Hammond et al. Arch. Virol. 151:477, 2006. (3) R. A. A. van der Vlugt and M. Berendeson. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 108:367, 2002.
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PMID:First Report of Alternanthera mosaic virus Infection in Angelonia in the United States. 3076 47

The 3 International Conference for Cancer Metabolism and Therapy was successfully held at the South Hospital Conference Center of Shanghai First People's Hospital, nearly 200 international experts from the field of cancer metabolism and therapy and about two thousand local scientists attended the conference. The conference was sponsored by the Yangtze River Delta City Group Hospital Synergistic Development Strategic Alliance, the China Anti-Cancer Association Cancer Metabolism Professional Committee, the Chinese Association for Cancer Metabolism and Therapy under Chinese Medical Doctoral Association-Clinical Precision Medicine, and co-organized by the First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Basic Medicine Undertake, Translational Medicine Network, Shanghai Anti-Cancer Association Youth Council, Fudan University Affiliated Tumor Hospital, University of California, Los Angeles, Agi Hirshberg Center for Pancreatic Diseases and Hirshberg Foundation for Pancreatic Cancer Research, Dalian University of Technology, New York-Presbyterian, American Cancer Research Association (AACR). The theme of the conference was 'Inheritance, Innovation, Excellence, Leading' and its aim is to create a high-end academic exchange platform to discuss new technologies, new methods, and new products in tumor metabolism, tumor immunity, tumor markers and other fields. The conference involves cancer metabolism reprogramming, metabolism and tumor microenvironment, lipid metabolism, non-metabolic function of metabolic enzymes, metabolism and epigenetics, clinical transformation, new technologies for tumor immunotherapy, clinical application of tumor immunotherapy, emerging targeted therapy, PD-1/PD-L1 technology, CAR-T technology, novel tumor protein markers, novel tumor methylation markers, ctDNA, CTC, etc. The meeting ended in a lively discussion among scientists from different levels who truly benefit from the sessions about cancer metabolism and treatment. The next meeting is planned to be held October 2 through October 6, 2019 in Los Angeles, Calif. The meeting venue will be announced accordingly in the meeting web site (www.cmt.org).
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PMID:Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference for Cancer Metabolism and Therapy, October 12-14, 2018, Shanghai, China. 3204 50