Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0406810 (NAME)
 13,345 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

B-cell lymphoma and leukemia are the most common subtypes of malignant lymphomas. Relapse and refractory to multiple therapy are the main reasons of treatment failure. As the classical anti-tumor methods, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy and palliative therapy have cured lots of cancer patients. However, each year many patients still died of different kinds of hard-to-treat cancers. Although the ratio of complete remission of B-cell lymphoma/leukemia patients particularly with CD20 positive mature B cell malignancies has been largely increased after the application of Rituximab in clinic, nearly 20%-40% patients still died due to relapse and refractory to the treatment. During last five years, the development of chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells, especially CD19 CAR-T cells, which can recognize CD19 specifically expressed on B cells and have been demonstrated to be significantly effective to relapsed and refractory B cell lymphoma/leukemia in clinical trials, has gradually attracted extensively concerning from researchers and clinicians. Many medical institutions all over the world (besides in China) have registered the clinical trials for B-cell lymphoma/leukemia patients by use of CAR-T cells. In this review, we summarize the developmental history, the main ongoing clinical trials and proved potential adverse affects of CD19 CAR-T cells for the treatment of patients with B-cell lymphoma/leukemia.
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PMID:[Clinical translational research of chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells for the treatment of relapsed and refractory B-cell lymphoma/leukemia]. 2513 Aug 44

CAR T-cell therapies hold great promise for treating a range of malignancies but are however challenged by the complexity of their production and by the adverse events related to their activity. Here we report the development of the CubiCAR, a tri-functional CAR architecture that enables CAR T-cell detection, purification and on-demand depletion by the FDA-approved antibody Rituximab. This novel architecture has the potential to streamline the manufacturing of CAR T-cells, allow their tracking and improve their overall safety.
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PMID:A Versatile Safeguard for Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Immunotherapies. 2989 85

Rituximab plus cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, prednisone immunochemotherapy remains standard of care for first-line treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). High-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation is offered to most relapsing/refractory patients who respond to salvage therapy. This Q&A review evaluates recommended management strategies for second and subsequent lines of therapy in patients with DLBCL, outlining the relative efficacies of currently available options including novel agents such as ibrutinib and CAR-T cells. The combination of pixantrone and rituximab is currently under investigation as a second-line treatment for patients ineligible for stem cell transplantation, while pixantrone monotherapy is the only therapeutic option approved for multiply relapsed and refractory DLBCL beyond the second line at this time.
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PMID:The rationale for combination therapy in patients with aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma: ten questions. 3028 Sep 24

Minimal residual disease (MRD) in non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHLs) still represents matter of interest and debate: indeed, the new available treatments offer higher rates of complete responses and MRD negativity than in the past, with a positive impact on the long-term survival. Furthermore, the introduction of more sensitive and accurate molecular techniques, such as digital PCR (ddPCR) and the next generation sequencing techniques (NGS), increased the possibility of identifying molecular targets to be followed after therapy (such as rearrangement of immunoglobulins, fusion genes, or mutations). This review focused on how molecular biology can help to detect MRD in different types of NHLs and how MRD can change the clinical practice in 2019. In follicular lymphoma (FL), contamination of the grafts and molecular disease persistence after transplantation represent a negative prognostic factors. The combination of Rituximab or Obinutuzumab with Bendamustine seems to be the most effective way to clear MRD in FL patients receiving chemo-immunotherapy (further studies are in progress), and also 90Yttrium-Ibritumomab-Tiuxetan offers a deep clearance of molecular disease. Finally, molecular MRD can further stratify PET-negative cases, with subjects both PET- and MRD-negative presenting the best outcome. In aggressive lymphomas, MRD has a relevant prognostic power and can represent the platform for immunotherapy (such as CAR-T). In diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the assessment of MRD in the plasma (where cell-free DNA and exosomes circulate) seems to be more predictive than the bone marrow analysis or peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Finally, NGS technologies could be more useful than the classical "patient allele-specific PCR" because they can identify any possible clone emerging during the treatment or follow-up, even if different from that identified at diagnosis, thus predicting relapse. After all, the present available molecular approaches can move MRD from the bench side to the clinical practice.
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PMID:The Minimal Residual Disease in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphomas: From the Laboratory to the Clinical Practice. 3129 69