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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We report the fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/computed tomography (CT) findings of autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) associated with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. A 69-year-old male patient was admitted to our hospital with obstructive jaundice. Six months prior to this admission, he was treated with steroid therapy for retroperitoneal fibrosis. Laboratory data showed that elevated T-bil, C-reactive protein, amylase and immunoglobulin 4, and antinuclear antibodies were positive. Clinical history, laboratory data, CT image, and magnetic resonance imaging led to a diagnosis of autoimmune pancreatitis. To investigate the inflammatory activity, FDG-PET/CT was undertaken. FDG-PET/CT demonstrated diffuse intense FDG uptake in the enlarged pancreas and diffuse mild uptake in the region of the abdominal aorta-bilateral iliac arteries. A dilated right renal pelvis and upper ureter, corresponding to hydronephrosis probably caused by retroperitoneal fibrosis, were shown. An FDG-PET/CT was useful to evaluate inflammatory activity and morphological imaging, and supported our diagnosis of AIP and retroperitoneal fibrosis.
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PMID:FDG-PET/CT findings of autoimmune pancreatitis associated with idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. 1809 36

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis is an uncommon disease characterized by periaortic inflammation with gradual fibrosis and distortion of retroperitoneal structures such as the ureter. Several earlier case reports have documented hypermetabolic retroperitoneal activity on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) in patients with active disease, and a decrease in the activity following immunosuppressive therapy. We report FDG PET positive findings in three patients presenting with active retroperitoneal fibrosis. In two cases, enhancing periaortic soft tissue seen on computed tomography (CT) markedly diminished following immunosuppressive therapy. In one patient, repeat FDG PET was performed following immunosuppressive therapy, with complete resolution of the retroperitoneal FDG avidity. We suggest that FDG PET may play a useful adjunct to anatomic imaging and serum inflammatory markers in assessing the severity of inflammation in retroperitoneal fibrosis, and in assessing the likelihood of response to immunosuppressive therapy. FDG PET may also be used in follow-up to assess therapeutic response if CT findings are unclear.
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PMID:Hypermetabolic activity in patients with active retroperitoneal fibrosis on F-18 FDG PET: report of three cases. 1825 Sep 93

In order to understand the excretion function of kidneys, dynamic scan was performed using the positron emission tomography (PET), the process of FDG's (2-[(18)F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose) excretion was detected, and the kidney model was established. The model in this study consisted of two parts: the fore part of the model described the transportation of FDG from plasma and the accumulation of FDG in kidney, and the latter part of the model described the transportation of FDG from kidney to ureter and then to bladder. Since there was a time delay between the fore part and the later part, which occurred when FDG was filtered into urine and accumulated in pelvis temporarily, a new parameter, delay constant t(0), was introduced in the model. Twelve healthy adult volunteers took part in the dynamic FDG-PET experiment. Ten subjects received dynamic scan on kidneys, and the data extracted from the PET scans were used for parameter estimation and model analysis. The other two subjects received dynamic scan on bladder in order to confirm the time delay constant. The output of the model fit well with the original curve, and the model built in this study could not only describe the excretion process of FDG, but also be used to quantitatively estimate urinary excretion of FDG and plasma clearance. Moreover, the model kept good accordance with physiological characteristics.
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PMID:Modeling the excretion of FDG in human kidneys using dynamic PET. 1901 Apr 66

We report here two cases of foreign body granulomas that arose from the pelvic wall and liver, respectively, and simulated recurrent colorectal carcinomas in patients with a history of surgery. On contrast-enhanced CT and MR images, a pelvic wall mass appeared as a well-enhancing mass that had invaded the distal ureter, resulting in the development of hydronephrosis. In addition, a liver mass had a hypointense rim that corresponded to the fibrous wall on a T2-weighted MR image, and showed persistent peripheral enhancement that corresponded to the granulation tissues and fibrous wall on dynamic MR images. These lesions also displayed very intense homogeneous FDG uptake on PET/CT.
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PMID:Foreign body granulomas simulating recurrent tumors in patients following colorectal surgery for carcinoma: a report of two cases. 1941 22

Skeletal muscle metastases are rare and usually occur with various malignancies at more advanced stages. FDG PET/CT has been known as a useful tool to detect these lesions because of the character of whole-body scanning and superior contrast between malignant and normal tissues, except in areas with abundant physiological FDG radioactivity, such as the urinary system. We present a patient with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and an incidental, rare finding of psoas muscle metastasis that was initially omitted because of the similarity of its distribution to physiological urinary FDG excretion in the ureter.
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PMID:Mimicry of physiological urinary FDG excretion: squamous cell carcinoma of esophagus metastasizing to psoas muscle. 2115 6

An 18-year-old male patient with a history of Ewing sarcoma originally involving the right ilium was evaluated with an FDG PET/CT scan to evaluate the effect of salvage therapy after standard treatment failed and disease progressed to involve the right T12 pedicle. Autologous stem cell transplantation and cyberknife therapy resulted in mixed tumor response, with incidental note made of prominent areas of cortical FDG avidity in the right kidney. These regions demonstrated focal hypoenhancement on the corresponding diagnostic contrast-enhanced CT, which additionally demonstrated peripheral enhancement spanning the length of the right ureter. Clinical workup produced a diagnosis of acute pyelonephritis.
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PMID:PET/CT appearance of acute pyelonephritis. 2353 31

A 78-year-old man with urothelial carcinoma metastasis after surgical resection of the right kidney, part of the ureter, and urinary bladder in May 2003 and 3 cycles of chemotherapy with cisplatin-gemcitabine was referred for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). Somatostatin-receptor profile was assessed by 68Ga-labeled lanreotide PET, and PRRT was performed using 3738 MBq (101 mCi) of 90Y-DOTA-lanreotide. Because of adequate PRRT response confirmed with MRI and 18F-FDG PET, surgical resection of the solitary cervical metastasis was feasible. Treatment was well tolerated, and the patient remains in complete remission from his urothelial carcinoma.
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PMID:First experience using peptide receptor radionuclide therapy in a patient with urothelial carcinoma. 2357 72

Brain metastasis from transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the ureter is extremely rare. Here we present a case of a 73-year-old woman, a follow-up case of ureteric TCC in whom isolated brain metastasis was incidentally detected at follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT. This was corroborated with MRI. She underwent excision of the lesion, and histopathology confirmed metastatic TCC.
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PMID:Recurrent ureteric transitional cell carcinoma presenting as an isolated brain metastasis: incidental detection with 18F-FDG PET/CT. 2527 17

A 23-year-old woman with recurrent uterine endometrial stromal sarcoma underwent FDG PET/CT, which showed pelvic recurrence and multiple pulmonary metastases. In addition, increased activity in a vertical soft tissue mass along the left ureter was noted, which appears similar to retroperitoneal fibrosis on PET/CT images. However, pathological examination demonstrated that the elevated FDG activity in this mass was a result of tumor thrombus from endometrial stromal sarcoma in the left ovarian arteries and veins.
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PMID:FDG PET/CT appearance of tumor thrombus of ovarian vessels masquerading as retroperitoneal fibrosis. 2554 9

An 82-year-old woman was submitted to (18)F-FDG PET/CT to evaluate an indeterminate solitary lung nodule identified on chest CT. At the examination, there was a hypermetabolic area at the topography of the right retrocrural region, mimicking a lymphadenopathy on axial images. After careful analysis of multiplanar CT images, it was better characterized as a loop of the ureter insinuating itself by a small diaphragmatic hernia. Ureteral hernia is a rare entity with few cases reported in the literature. This case demonstrates the importance of conducting careful evaluation of multiplanar CT images to avoid false-positive results on PET/CT.
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PMID:Ureteral Hernia Mimicking Retrocrural Lymphadenopathy in 18F-FDG PET/CT. 2612 47


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