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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The ectopic ureter is less common in male than in female patients. It usually terminates proximally to the external sphincter in the seminal vesicle or vas deferens, and usually involves a nonduplicated drainage system of a dysplastic kidney. Men characteristically present with lower tract symptoms, often epididymitis, a cystic or boggy periprostatic mass on rectal examination and ipsilateral nonvisualization on excretory urography. The embryology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of this condition are discussed, and 4 illustrative cases are presented.
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PMID:The ectopic ureter in men. 352 21

Stones (calculi) in the urinary tract (urolithiasis) or kidney (nephrolithiasis) occur in 5% of the population. The lifetime risk of passing a stone is 8-10%. Men are twice as likely to develop stones, with the first episode occurring before 30 years of age. Stones are caused by the aggregation of crystalline mineral deposits in the urine. Calcium stones are the most common type of stone. Investigations for stone disease include plain X-ray, X-ray with contrast media, ultrasound imaging, and computed tomographic (CT) scanning. Treatment of stones is dependent on the size and location, e.g. lithotripsy is used to break down stones in the ureter or kidney, whereas litholapaxy is used for stones in the bladder that are too large to be passed urethrally. Alpha-blocker medication (e.g. tamsulosin) can facilitate spontaneous passing of a stone. Nurses have a crucial role in assessment, management and provision of discharge advice for patients. Strategies for preventing stones include increasing the urine output (by giving 2-3 litres of fluid per day) and dietary modification, particularly reduction in animal protein and salt content.
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PMID:Urinary tract stones: types, nursing care and treatment options. 1856 65

As patients with prostate cancer have a long life expectancy, there is increasing interest in predicting the risk of development of a second primary cancer (SPC), and we therefore designed this study to estimate the overall risk of developing SPCs among Korean prostate cancer patients. We used a population-based cohort from the Korean Central Cancer Registry composed of 55,378 men diagnosed with a first primary prostate cancer between 1993 and 2011. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) of SPCs were analyzed by age at diagnosis, latency period, period of diagnosis, and type of initial treatment. Survival analysis was stratified by development of SPC. Men with primary prostate cancer had an overall lower risk of developing an SPC [SIR = 0.75; 95% CI, 0.72-0.78], which was significant for SPCs of the esophagus, stomach, rectum, liver, gallbladder, bile duct, pancreas, larynx, lung, and bronchus. In contrast, there were significant increases in the risk of bladder and thyroid cancers, which tended to decrease after longer follow-up. Patients who received initial radiation therapy had an increased risk of subsequent rectal cancer, although this was still lower than that of the general male population. Other urinary tract cancers including those of the kidney, renal pelvis, and ureter tended to be associated with a higher risk of developing an SPC, but this difference did not reach statistical significance. The patients with prostate cancer and SPC had lower overall survival rates than those with one primary prostate cancer. Our findings suggest that men with prostate cancer have a 25% lower risk of developing an SPC in Korea, but a higher risk of developing subsequent bladder and thyroid cancers, which suggests the need for continued cancer surveillance among prostate cancer survivors.
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PMID:Risk of Second Primary Cancer among Prostate Cancer Patients in Korea: A Population-Based Cohort Study. 2646 85