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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Herein, we report two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the ureter. The first case was in a 56-year-old-male. Total cystectomy and ileal conduit were performed because of bladder tumor suspected to be accompanied by carcinoma in situ and atrophic urinary bladder induced by chronic cystitis in December, 1993. Pathological examination revealed transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) > squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), G2 > G1, INF beta, pT1, 1y1, v1. He complained of back pain under medical observation in December, 1994. Left hydronephrosis was found and antegrade pyelography showed leakage from the left pelvic ureteral junction. Urinary cytology revealed class V and suggested TCC. He received left nephroureterectomy, and pathohistological examination of resected specimen revealed SCC, INF gamma, pT3, pRo, pLx, pVx, pNo, pMo. CABO chemotherapy (cisplatin, methotrexate, bleomycin, vincristine) was performed postoperatively. The second case was in a 61-year-old female. She complained of macrohematuria in the course of observation of pyelonephritis. Drip infusion pyelography showed right hydronephrosis and retrograde ureterogram revealed stenosis of the right lower ureter. Urinary cytology revealed class V. Nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff were performed. The tumor was histologically diagnosed as SCC > TCC, INF beta, pT3, pRo, pLo, pVo, pNo, pMo. Postoperatively, CABO chemotherapy was performed. So far, no recurrence has been observed. Fifty five cases of squamous cell carcinoma of ureter were collected from the Japanese literatures including our cases.
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PMID:[Two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the ureter]. 853 90

We report a case of squamous cell carcinoma of ureter. A 60-year-old female was referred to our hospital for the right hydronephrosis and the left atrophic kidney. She had been suffering from severe renal dysfunction and had hemodialysis a month earlier. Retrograde and antegrade right pyelography revealed complete obstruction of the right lower ureter about 2 cm in length. Transcutaneous retrograde left pyelography revealed vesicoureteral junction stenosis. After improvement of the renal function by transcutaneous right nephrostomy, the patient underwent right partial ureterectomy. Pathological examination revealed squamous cell carcinoma, grade 2, pT3 in the right ureter. Neither local recurrence nor distant metastasis has occurred for 19 months and the patient retains moderate renal function. We reviewed sixty-four cases of ureteral squamous cell carcinoma in the Japanese literature and discussed the renal parenchymal sparing surgery for the disease.
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PMID:[Squamous cell carcinoma of ureter in a patient with functional solitary kidney treated by partial ureterectomy: a case report]. 897 44

Since 1985 a special work group involved in the coordination of hospital cancer registries in Germany (AKKK) has been collecting, storing and analysing data on tumour patients, received from cancer centres, oncological departments and specialised practices. The documentation of tumour patients is based, among other things, on information concerning localisation, histological findings and tumour spread. The data are stored in a central database administered by the work group. At present it contains data on approximately 500,000 oncological patients. In the period from 1987 to 1992, 56,013 initial entries were made concerning patients with urological tumours. Of these cases, tumours of the kidney (n = 11,424) constituted 20.4%. In 94.6% of the cases, histological investigation revealed a renal cell carcinoma-pT1: 5.8%; pT2: 53.6%, pT3: 37.2% and pT4: 3.4%. Tumours of the urinary bladder (n = 16,246) constituted 29.0% of all urological tumours. In 93.8% of the cases a transitional cell carcinoma was detected-pTis: 1.0%; pTa: 36.9%; pT1: 29.6%; pT2: 16.9%; pT3: 11.4%; pT4: 4.4%. Transitional cell carcinomas of the ureter or of the collecting system (n = 1,846) constituted 3.3% of the cases. The proportion of testicular tumours (n = 6,594) amounted to 11.8%; 53.6% of these germ-cell tumours (n = 6,281) were seminomas and 46.6% were non-seminomas. In all, 66.3% of the cases were lymph-node negative. Tumours of the prostate (n = 19,903) constituted 35.5% of the cases. In the period from 1987 to 1992, the proportion of lymph-node-positive prostate carcinomas decreased from 39.8% to 16.2%. The detailed analysis of these data shows how the hospital cancer registries can support the discussion regarding diagnosis and therapy of urological tumours.
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PMID:[Urologic tumors in Germany. Initial data of 56,013 cases from clinical cancer registers]. 919 42

Bilateral hydronephrosis identified by a local physician brought a 65-year-old man to our hospital. Emergency percutaneous nephrostomy was bilaterally established for obstructive renal failure. After recovering renal function, the patient underwent radical cystectomy under the diagnosis of invasive bladder cancer and the construction of an ileal conduit. The pathology reported well differentiated adenocarcinoma (pT2, pL1, pV1). Five years after the surgery, gross hematuria developed. A computed tomographic scan revealed right hydronephrosis with a solid mass in the upper calyx. The urinary cytology was negative. The patient underwent right nephrectomy in May, 1999. The pathology then revealed well differentiated adenocarcinoma in the renal pelvis and ureter (pT3, pL0, pV0 and pT1, pL0, pV0, respectively). He is alive with mild chronic renal insufficiency with evidence of tumor at ten months after surgery. To our knowledge, this is the first case of metachronous adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder and the upper urinary tract reported in the Japanese literature.
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PMID:[A case of metachronous adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder and the right upper urinary tract]. 1096 53

To evaluate prognostic value of morphometric studies of the stroma of transitional cell carcinomas of the renal pelvis and ureter, we studied retrospectively the data of primary examination and follow-up of 75 patients (49 males, 65% and 26 females, 35%; mean age 61.9 +/- 1.2 years) given radical surgical treatment for cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter. Five-year survival in the absence of tumor progression was 23%. Morphological examination diagnosed transitional cell carcinoma with invasion pT1, pT2, pT3 and pT4 in 3(4%), 15(20%), 47(63%) and 10(13%) cases and differentiation degree G1, G2, G3 in 31(41%), 15(20%) and 29(39%) cases, respectively. In addition to the standard morphological examination of the tumor, we made morphometry of stromal and tumor area, analysed composition and count of stromal effector cells (lymphocytes, eosinophilic and neutrophilic leukocytes, macrophages, mast and plasmic cells), the degree of stromal vascularization. Prognostic value of the above parameters was estimated according to significance of their correlation with postoperative survival of the patients. The survival correlated with the depth of cancer invasion (p = 0.005) and differentiation of tumor tissue (p = 0.006), high cell infiltration of tumor stroma is prognostically unfavourable (R2 = 0.03; F = 3.41; p = 0.069) as well as weak presentation of stromal component of the tumor (p = 0.056). The lowest survival was observed in patients with cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter with a great number of mast cells (p = 0.056), macrophages (p = 0.037) and neutrophils (p = 0.029) in the tumor stroma. According to the results of multiple regression analysis (R2 = 0.08; F = 5.42; p = 0.024), five-year postoperative survival most closely correlated with cancer invasion depth (p < 0.001), degree of tumor cells differentiation (p < 0.001) and number of macrophages infiltrating tumor stroma (p < 0.001). Significance of survival prognosis for patients with cancer of renal pelvis and ureter can be raised by estimation of mean number of free stromal cells and expression of stromal component.
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PMID:[Prognostic implication of morphometric stromal parameters of renal pelvis and ureteral transitional cell carcinomas]. 1519 6

Carcinomatous meningitis from urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and ureter is rare. A 77-year-old man with invasive bladder cancer and right ureter cancer had been treated with 3 courses M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, epirubicin, cisplatin) chemotherapy. After chemotherapy we performed radical cystectomy and right nephroureterectomy (ileal-neobladder) (TCC, G3, pT3, N0, M0). Sixteen months after operation, patient complained of anorexia, muscular weakness, stiff neck. CT of chest and abdomen, and bone scintigraphy showed no metastasis. Brain CT and MRI showed hydrocephalus but no evidence of parenchymal metastasis. Because we suspected carcinomatous meningitis, we performed lumbar puncture. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology revealed class V (urothelial carcinoma). Patient died 6 days after diagnosis of carcinomatous meningitis.
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PMID:[Carcinomatous meningitis from urothelial carcinoma of bladder and ureter: case report]. 1562 93

We reviewed 18 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter undergoing nephron-sparing surgery between April 1990 and Febrary 2003. The mean age of the patients, 17 males and one female, was 69 years (range 33-88 years). The tumor site was the renal pelvis in 2, ureter in 13 and ureteral orfice in 2. Six of them were imperative cases and 12 were elective. Eight patients underwent endourological treatment and 10 patients open surgery including partial ureterectomy performed on 8 patient. The follow up period was 3 to 104 months (mean 37 months). Among those defined as imperative, the histopathological stage was pT1 in one, pT2 in one, pT3 in 3 and one in pT4. Among the elective cases, the histopathological stage was pTa in 7, pT1 in 2, pT2 in one, pT3 in 2 patients. Of the three defired as elective with tumors cT2 or higher, two died of disease. The 5-year survival rate was 50% and 68% in the imperative and elective cases, respectively. In the patients with tumors pT2 or higher and/or grade 3, the prognosis was poor which suggests the need for intensive therapy including lymph node dissection and/or adjuvant chemotherapy. It is necessary to consider the possibility of selecting nephron-sparing surgery for locally advanced tumors.
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PMID:[Clinical review of conservative management of upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma]. 1668 50

We investigated the clinicopathological features of 52 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of renal pelvic and/or ureter who underwent surgical treatment at Tokyo Medical University Hachioji Medical Center from April, 1992 to June, 2005. The patitents consisted of 38 males and 14 females, ranging from 29 to 86 years old with a median age of 68 years old. The mean follow-up period was 39 months. Pathologicaly, 32 cases were less than pT2 and 20 cases were pT3. Findings of lymphatic and venous invasion were present in 10 and 8 cases, respectively. The infiltration pattern (INF) of gamma was observed in 9 cases. The overall cause-specific survival rate was 95.8% at 1 year, 87.7% at 3 years and 80.6% at 5 years, respectively. According to univariate analysis, the high stage of tumor, the presence of lymphatic and/or venous invasion, the inclusion of infiltration pattern of gamma and positive reginonal lymph nodes indicated a significantly poor prognosis. On the other hand, multivariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression revealed the presence of infiltration pattern of gamma as the most significant predictor of survival.
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PMID:[A clinical study of renal pelvic and ureteral cancer]. 1717 63

The sensitivity and specificity of MDCT for depiction and localization of urothelial carcinoma (UC) was determined retrospectively. Axial and coronal four-row MDCT of the urinary tract (unenhanced, contrast-enhanced nephrographic, CT urography) was independently reviewed for UC by a radiologist (R1) and a urologist (R2), without other patient information, in 27 patients (22 male, five female; age, 72 +/- 11 years) with previous UC and/or painless macroscopic haematuria. Urinary tract segments included bladder, right and left upper, middle, and lower caliceal groups, renal pelvis, uretero-pelvic junction, upper, middle, and lower ureter. MDCT findings were corroborated by surgery, other invasive procedures, and 1-year follow-up, including MDCT, intravenous urography, and cystoscopy. Receiver-operating characteristic analysis was undertaken and the the area under the curve (AUC) calculated. Eighteen of 27 patients had evidence of UC (pTa, n = 3; pT1-pT3, n = 15; TNM 2002). Tumor was correctly located by both R1 and R2 in 17 patients (sensitivity, 94%; 95% confidence interval, 84-100%) and ruled out in seven (specificity, 78%; 95% confidence interval, 51-100%), with complete agreement. Each detected ten of 11 upper urinary tracts affected by UC. For 35 urinary tract segments with UC and 308 without, the AUC was 0.910 +/- 0.035 (R1) and 0.74 +/- 0.055 (R2), z = 2.4772, Bonferroni-corrected P = 0.022. MDCT depicts urinary tracts affected by UC with high sensitivity and substantial agreement between readers with different training.
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PMID:Multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) in patients with a history of previous urothelial cancer or painless macroscopic haematuria. 1740 43

Tumors of the renal pelvis account for approximately 7% to 8% of all renal malignancies, greater than 90% of these are of urothelial (transitional cell) origin. These tumors more typically occur in the sixth to eight decade with a slight male preponderance. Varying risk factors for urothelial carcinomas of the upper tract are recognized including environmental and occupational hazards, chemotherapeutic exposure, and previous history of urinary bladder or ureteral carcinomas. Tumor multifocality is frequent and additional tumors may arise in the ureter, bladder, or on the contralateral side. The histopathologic nuances presented by urothelial carcinoma in this region are generally similar to those in the urinary bladder. Though the World Health Organization 2004/International Society of Urological Pathology system used in the bladder is customarily also employed for grading of urothelial tumors of this region, its prognostic significance at this site is not entirely clear as most tumors are treated with nephroureterectomy irrespective of the grade of the tumor. Histologic grade may be an independent prognostic factor in papillary pT1 tumors; however, most pT2 and higher stage tumors tend to be nonpapillary and of higher grade. Despite advances in treatment modalities with sophisticated endoscopic techniques, tumor stage remains the most important prognostic factor. There are several confounding issues related to staging such as the variable presence and thickness of subepithelial connective tissue and muscularis in the renal calyces, renal pelvis, and the ureter; intratubular pagetoid cancer spread (pTis vs. pT3); and assessing invasion in papillary neoplasms with endophytic or inverted growth. Careful gross examination with adequate sampling and understanding the microanatomy of the pelvicalyceal wall are crucial for accurate stage assignment. Poor fixation of large friable tumors and processing artifacts may compound difficulties in accurate staging. This review focuses on urothelial carcinoma of the upper tract highlighting issues related to its diagnosis, staging, and reporting.
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PMID:Neoplasms of the upper urinary tract: a review with focus on urothelial carcinoma of the pelvicalyceal system and aspects related to its diagnosis and reporting. 1843 65


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