Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Pivot Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Target Concepts:
Gene/Protein
Disease
Symptom
Drug
Enzyme
Compound
Query: UMLS:C0403608 (
ureter
)
9,655
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Knowledge of somatic mutation accumulation in normal cells, which is essential for understanding cancer development and evolution, remains largely lacking. In this study, we investigated somatic clonal events in morphologically normal human urothelium (MNU; epithelium lining the bladder and
ureter
) and identified macroscopic clonal expansions. Aristolochic acid (AA), a natural herb-derived compound, was a major mutagenic driving factor in MNU. AA drastically accelerates mutation accumulation and enhances clonal expansion. Mutations in MNU were widely observed in chromatin remodeling genes such as
KMT2D
and
KDM6A
but rarely in
TP53
,
PIK3CA
, and
FGFR3
KMT2D
mutations were found to be common in urothelial cells, regardless of whether the cells experience exogenous mutagen exposure. Copy number alterations were rare and largely confined to small-scale regions, along with copy-neutral loss of heterozygosity. Single AA-associated clones in MNU expanded to a scale of several square centimeters in size.
...
PMID:Macroscopic somatic clonal expansion in morphologically normal human urothelium. 3300 1
