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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From previous investigations with nephroptotic patients increased urinary LDH was assumed to be a reliable marker indicating a renal tissue defect due to the organs descent in erect position. Animal experiments now allowed correlation of this enzymatic activity with controlled changes of anatomical and physiological parameters. Changes of the renal hemodynamics or urinary flow induced in acute experiments in dogs simulated kidney displacement in nephroptotic patients. Both ureters were cannulated for separate urine collection and one kidney was manipulated. The renal arterial or venous flow was reduced or the ureter was occluded under electromagnetic blood-flow control. Arterial constriction alone (30%/15 min) selectively caused a drastic decrease (approximately 80%) of Xenon wash-out (= nutrient-flow) in the renal cortex. Under the same conditions radio-labeled microspheres injected intracardially showed a centralization of the renal capillary blood flow from the outer cortex to the juxtamedullary zone. Urinary LDH activities increased up to 800% immediately after arterial constriction. In accordance with total LDH activity the percentage distribution of isoenzymes changed: LDH-I increased and the LDH-V decreased. Neither constriction of the renal vein nor ureteral occlusion had similar effects. In long-term experiments backward fixation of one kidney in rats would reflect the effects of kidney displacement over years in nephroptotic patients: animals were unilaterally nephrectomized and the remaining kidney was dislocated backwards (approximately 2,5 vertebrae) and fixed to the lateral pelvic wall. "Ptotic" rats showed during the following examinations a constant increase of urinary LDH up to 50% by 26 weeks postoperatively. In accordance with increased LDH the isotope nephrogram was pathological and arteriographies showed a stretched and narrowed renal artery. In a number of rats "ptotic" fixation was not effective enough. All these animals showed normal LDH, isotope nephrograms and arteriographies. Both animal experiments documented that reduced flow/hypoxia is essentially responsible for the tissue damage in the kidney manifested by increased release of urinary LDH.
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PMID:Experimental approach to the correlation of hemodynamic changes with increases in urinary lactate dehydrogenase as a new parameter reflecting serious renal tissue damages. 44 69

Adult ureter epithelium of the golden hamster is found to be multilayered but not stratified. All epithelial cells are in contact with the basement membrane and thereby get into close vicinity to the underlying dense capillary network of the lamina propria. By this diffusion distances for nutritial fluids are kept very short. As can be seen from high glycoproteid and glycolipid content as well as high SDH, G6PDH and LDH activities, superficial cells are higher differentiated than intermediate and basal cells where enzyme activities and concentrations of glycoproteids and glycolipids are always found to be lower. From low RNA-concentrations in all layers of ureter epithelium, high G6PDH activity and glycolipid content, it is concluded that pentose-phosphate cycle primarily functions as donator of reduced NADP for lipid synthesis. Dual presence of SDH and LDH activities in ureter epithelium is seen in hypothetical connection with periods of changing oxygen supply caused by ureter peristalsis. Small amounts of glycogen are metabolically rather inactive as revealed by low or absent phosphorylase and UDPGGT activities.
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PMID:Histochemistry of the metanephros in the golden hamster. II. The adult ureter. 81 12

In the treatise the authors aimed to find some early signs of aggravation on the treated uterine cervical cancers by routine clinical methods. Initially nine autopsy materials died of cancer were studied to survey the anatomical spreading and each documented. Then their ante mortem findings were summarized to review. Secondarily chief complains and clinical manifestations collected above were investigated among twenty one patients who were clearly attacked and/or died of recurrence. As a control thirteen patients free from the disease were encountered. Progressive pain associated with edema either in ipsilateral low back, limbs or lower abdomen was one of the most suspicious signs of intra-pelvic recurrence. Palpable noduli and thickening of parametrial areas and pelvic walls were as well a sign of exacerbation, if they appeared after treatments. Repeating urinary infection and aggravating hydro-nephrosis et-ureter frequently implied an insidious sign of pelvic recurrence. Continuing obstinate cough may be suggestive for pulmonary metastasis and needs chest roentgenogram. Increased serum alkaline phosphatase, LDH and ESR, and decreased peripheral lymphocyte count were frequently observed in the recurrent group. A suspicious or positive vaginal cytology was mostly indicative for pathological examination that would give us a final validity. Biopsy was done for superficial enlargements.
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PMID:[Early detection of recurrent uterine cervical cancers (author's transl)]. 721 Dec 14

The spinal processing of afferent input from the ureter was examined using an immunocytochemical technique to detect the expression of c-fos, an immediate early gene. Proximal and distal sites in one ureter were electrically stimulated separately or together at intensities that elicited a pseudo-affective response (an increase in arterial pressure). Very few Fos+ cells (range: 0.6-6.6 cells/half section were present in the L(1)-L(2), L(5)-S(2) spinal segments in sham operated control animals; however, following stimulation of the ureter, a significant increase in the numbers of Fos+ cells was detected at spinal levels L(1)-L(2) (mean 24.5-33.1 cells/half section) and L(6)-S(1) (mean 17.4-33.0 cells/half section). In L(6)-S(1), the numbers of Fos+ cells were significantly greater ipsilateral (mean 25.2 cells/half section) vs. contralateral (12.3 cells/half section) to stimulation; whereas in L(1)-L(2), the numbers were similar on both sides of the spinal cord. In L(1)-L(2), a greater percentage of Fos+ cells was present in superficial medial (MDH, 49.7%) and lateral dorsal horn (LDH, 40.8%); whereas in L(6)-S(1), the cells were more numerous in sacral parasympathetic nucleus (SPN, 38.7%) and LDH (25.6%*) regions. This distribution of Fos+ cells varies in a number of respects from that noted in previous experiments after chemical irritation of the urinary bladder and urethra which activated neurons only in L(6)-S(1) and primarily in the DCM and MDH. The results indicate that nociceptive afferent inputs from different areas of the urinary tract are processed in different regions of the spinal cord.
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PMID:Increased c-fos expression in spinal neurons induced by electrical stimulation of the ureter in the rat. 883 55

We describe a case of acute rupture of the left proximal ureter as a result of lithiasis. The patient presented with a clinical picture of renal infarction: unilateral flank pain, more than 500 red blood cells per microliter urine and increased serum LDH levels. Abdominal ultrasound as well as a CT scan showed no abnormalities. Only CT angiography of the kidneys was able to demonstrate an acute rupture of the left proximal ureter with extravasation of contrast. Intravenous pyelogram confirmed this rupture with leaking of the contrast. One day after admission the patient urinated a 2 mm large calciumoxalate-monohydrate stone, the likely cause of the rupture. The rupture healed spontaneously. A review of the literature is given.
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PMID:Rupture of the ureter mimicking acute renal infarction: case report and review of the literature. 1999 94