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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In acute and chronic experiments on 45 dogs the authors obtained vasorenal hypertension, the elimination of which was fulfilled by means of autotransplantation of the kidney without transection of the ureter. The dynamical study of renal function was carried out through an analysis of arterial blood pressure, erythropoietic activity, blood serum, reticulocytic count, creatinine, residual nitrogen, diuresis, radioisotopic investigation, chromocystoscopy at open bladder, excretory urography, aortograhy, phlebography and morphometric studies of the renal glomeruli.
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PMID:[Kidney functional dynamics in eliminating vasorenal hypertension by a kidney autograft]. 39 99

The clearance of furosemide (F), whose renal tubular transport shares the classical characteristics of the organic acid system, was determined in dogs with varying degrees of azotemia and compared with tetraethylammonium (TEA), an organic base. Two normal and eight azotemic dogs [blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 12-273] were studied. Azotemia was produced by bilateral uretero-venous anastomoses. The left renal vein and ureter were cannulated and renal blood flow (RBF) was measured by electromagnetic flowmeter. Simultaneous left renal clearances (C) of subpharmacological doses of TEA-14C and furosemide-14C were determined at seven 30-minute intervals. Initial loading doses were followed by continuous maintenance infusions. For TEA, clearance (1.5 ml/min-g +/- 0.2 S.E.M.) and extraction (E) (0.83 +/- 0.02) are independent of the degree of azotemia. Renal plasma flow (RPF), calculated as CTEA/ETEA, agreed closely with directly measured RPF (2.0 ml/g-min +/- 0.3). RPF was independent of azotemia. To allow for individual differences in the animals in RPF, the ratio CTEA/CF was used. CF (1.07-0.17 ml/min-g) and EF (0.54-0.06) decreased as a linear function of the increase in uremic serum: (see article). Furosemide and its principle metabolite were greater than or equal to 97% of the furosemide portion of the radioactivity. The metabolite did not increase with time in either plasma or urine. After acute administration of exogenous urea to two dogs (BUN 170 and 253) CTEA/CF was unrelated to BUN. Thus, the CF decreases proportionately with progressive azotemia and is not related to RBF, exogenous urea or metabolite. This suppression of renal tubular secretion of furosemide may partially account for reduced therapeutic efficacy of furosemide in azotemia.
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PMID:Effect of experimental azotemia on renal clearance of furosemide in the dog. 124 13

Dogs were made azotemic by bilateral ureteral-venous anastomosis. Subsequently, the left ureter, a systemic artery, and the left renal vein were cannulated. Left renal blood flow (RBF) was measured by an electromagnetic flowmeter. Left renal clearances and extractions of [14C]tetraethylammonium ([14C]TEA) and p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) were determined at five 40-min intervals after administraiton of loading doses and institution of a maintenance infusion containing PAH and [14C]TEA. The renal extraction of TEA was independent of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), whereas the extraction of PAH correlated inversely with BUN. Renal plasma flows calculated from urinary clearances and renal extractions agreed with renal plasma flows calculated from flowmeter data. The extraction of TEA remained constant over the 200-min experimental period, whereas the extraction of PAH increases progressively as a function of time. It is probable that those organic acids which accumulate in azotemia, and interfered with renal tubular secretion of PAH, were themselves eliminated after opening the ureteral-venous anastomosis. Thus, TEA is superior to PAH for evaluation of the renal circulation in azotemia.
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PMID:Effects of azotemia on renal extraction and clearance of PAH and TEA. 126 21

A 1.5-year-old male Belgian Malinosis Military Working Dog presented with a 1-month history of intermittent hematuria. Diagnostic ultrasound and contrast radiography demonstrated large blood clots in the urinary bladder and a filling defect in the right renal pelvis. At surgery, clotted blood was present in the right ureter and bladder. Following right nephrectomy, the dog returned to training. One month later, elevations in urea nitrogen and creatinine were noted. Hematuria recurred at 3 months and the dog was found dead in its kennel. Necropsy showed a blood-filled left renal pelvis and ureter.
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PMID:Idiopathic renal hematuria in a military working dog. 145 85

In order to study the role of the renal pelvis on urea sparing in sheep fed low protein diets, the pelvis was perfused through the ureter with 1M and 3M urea solutions. Eight ewes were used: four on a regular diet (total nitrogen 188.7 g.kg-1 dry matter) and the other four on a low protein diet (total nitrogen 109.4 g.kg-1 dry matter). On each animal, perfusions were performed on one kidney; the other one was kept as a control. Fractional excretion of urea (TEu) and urea (Cu), inulin, para-aminohippurate and osmolar clearances, were determined during five experimental periods of 30 min each (T = control, 1M = perfusion with 1M urea solution, R1 = first period of recovery, 3M = perfusion with 3M urea solution, R2 = second period of recovery). 1. During control periods sheep on low protein diet have a greater capacity of urea retention than sheep on regular diet, under antidiuretic conditions (inulin U/P = 200). The following data (means +/- S.D.) are all reduced in animals on low protein diet: TEu by 36% (0.38 +/- 0.19 vs. 0.59 +/- 0.28 for normal protein sheep, p less than 0.05), Cu by 55% (0.50 +/- 0.19 vs. 1.15 +/- 0.49 ml.min-1.kg-1 for normal sheep, p less than 0.01) and amount of urea excreted by 80% (2.1 +/- 0.7 vs. 10.4 +/- 2.7 mg.min-1 for normal sheep, p less than 0.01). 2. The linear regression analysis of the relationship between tubular reabsorption of urea and its filtered amount shows that the capacity of urea retention is significantly higher in low protein sheep and that the difference between the two groups is greater as the filtered amount increases. Following 1M and 3M perfusions, the capacity of urea reabsorption by the perfused kidneys is significantly decreased in low protein animals whereas there is no change in the normal ones. The result is that perfused kidneys of the low protein sheep increase the amount of urea excreted during these periods: urine concentration of urea (Uu) increases by 55% during R1 and by 144% during R2, TEu increases by 60% during R1 and by 147% during R2 and Cu increases by 40% during R1 and by 95% during R2, without any variation of urine flow rate. These changes could be understood, provided that an important transfer of the perfused urea to the renal medulla in the low protein sheep would reduce the concentration gradients which enhance urea passive reabsorption from the collecting ducts.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Kidney retention of urea in sheep on a hypoprotein diet: study by retrograde perfusion of urea in the kidney pelvis]. 325 Oct 40

We report a case of retroperitoneal fibrosis. A 75-year-old man complained of edema of bilateral lower limbs and lumbago. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were increased. Renal function was improved after he had bilateral percutaneous nephrostomies. Antegrade pyelography showed bilateral hydronephrosis, left ureteral obstruction and medial deviation with narrowing of the right ureter. CT revealed a soft tissue density surrounding the aorta, inferior vena cava and bilateral ureters in the retroperitoneal space. Inferior venocavagraphy displayed stenosis. Bilateral ureterolysis combined with omental sleeve plasty was performed. Post-operatively, the clinical course has continued to be good.
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PMID:[A case of retroperitoneal fibrosis]. 361 33

A serum-free medium (HMRI-2) has been developed for the outgrowth and subculture of epithelial cells from normal adult human ureter and bladder. Medium HMRI-2 consists of Ham's MCDB 152 with double the amounts of the essential amino acids in Stock 1, low Ca2+ (0.06 mM) and is supplemented with epithelial growth factor, 5 ng/ml; transferrin, 5 micrograms/ml; insulin, 5 micrograms/ml; ethanolamine and phosphoethanolamine, 0.1 mM each; hydrocortisone, 2.8 X 10(-6) M; and bovine pituitary extract, 126 micrograms protein/ml. The cultured cells showed ultrastructural markers of epithelial cells (prekeratin fibers, tonofilaments, surface microvilli with glycocalyx), exhibited ABO antigens, and had a normal human diploid karyotype. Primary cultures could be subcultured and also cryopreserved in HMRI-2 in liquid nitrogen. Cells in mass cultures showed a population doubling time of 40.5 +/- 4.5 h and had a maximum in vitro life span of 20 to 25 population doublings. It was observed that primary outgrowths, secondary cultures, and even cryopreserved cells all retained the capacity to respond to high Ca2+ and serum by differentiation and desquamation. This study has resulted in the availability of easily obtainable serum-free epithelial cultures from normal adult human ureter and bladder. The useful in vitro life span of these cultures may be important in future studies of carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Selective growth of normal adult human urothelial cells in serum-free medium. 400 32

This study tested the ability of the converting enzyme inhibitor, captopril, to lessen the severity of acute renal failure following temporary occlusion of the renal artery. In the control group, 11 dogs were anesthetized with halothane, and the left kidney was isolated through a midline incision. The renal artery, vein, and ureter were then clamped for 120 min. Immediately after occlusion, the kidney was flushed with 40 ml of saline at 34 degrees C. When the clamp was released, a contralateral nephrectomy was performed and the animal allowed to recover. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels were followed on a daily basis thereafter. Thirteen captopril-treated dogs were treated in the same fashion except that captopril (1.25 ml/kg, i.v.) was given prior to the 120-min period of renal ischemia. Three of 11 (27%) control dogs survived, whereas 10 of 13 (77%) captopril-treated animals survived (P less than 0.05). Serum creatinine (5.4 +/- 2.5 mg/dl) and serum urea nitrogen (96 +/- 33 mg/dl) peaked on day 8 in the captopril-treated group and were consistently lower than in the untreated group. These observations suggest that captopril is useful when temporary interruption of the renal circulation is encountered, such as in renal autotransplantation, cadaveric renal transplantation, and renal revascularization. These data also suggest that inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system may lessen the severity of acute renal failure following renal ischemia.
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PMID:Enhancement of recovery in postischemic acute renal failure with captopril. 637 20

Massive hematuria of renal origin was diagnosed in 4 dogs. In all dogs, blood and blood clots were clearly visible in the urine. Serum urea nitrogen and urine concentrating ability were normal. All dogs were anemic, and results of coagulation and platelet function tests were within normal limits. Excretory urography indicated hydroureter and hydronephrosis in all dogs, with filling defects in the bladder attributable to large blood clots in 2 dogs. Cystotomy and catheterization of the ureters enabled identification of one kidney as the source of bleeding in 3 dogs. Unilateral nephrectomy and ureterectomy resolved their hematuria. The results of histologic examination were normal in 2 dogs. The 3rd dog had evidence of pyelitis. Cystoscopy of the 4th dog did not reveal hematuria from either ureter. The dog was not operated on and it continued to have intermittent hematuria.
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PMID:Massive hematuria of nontraumatic renal origin in dogs. 662 96

Unilateral ureterosigmoidostomy (U.S.S.) was performed on 15 rabbits and then the animals were sacrificed after 3, 8 and 15 months. The gross appearance of the kidney and radiological investigations revealed enlargement of the pelvis and of the ureter on the operated side although the anastomosis was patent in all cases. In rabbits sacrificed 8 months after U.S.S. an adenomatous polyp was present at the site of anastomosis. Histological examination of the affected kidney showed pyelonephritis secondary to obstruction and immunopathological studies revealed in some rabbits glomerular and tubular deposition of immunoglobulins and complement. The contralateral kidney was always normal. Biochemical investigations showed only a moderate increase in blood urea nitrogen and plasma creatinine values.
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PMID:Renal lesions after unilateral ureterosigmoidostomy in the rabbit: preliminary results. 725 27


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