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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

These experiments were designed to study the role of calcium in the modulation of renin secretion by alpha and beta adrenoceptors. Rabbit kidneys were isolated and single-pass perfused with a modified Ringer's solution. Renal perfusion pressure was precisely controlled by an electronic servocontrol system. Tubular events were minimized by ligation of the ureter before initiating the studies. Under these conditions the predominant factor modifying renin secretion was assumed to originate directly on the juxtaglomerular cells. Isoproterenol infused at 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 5.0 nM/min/g of kidney weight increased renin secretion in a dose-dependent manner whereas phenylephrine infused at identical molar doses did not. In addition, phenylephrine (5.0 nM/min/g of kidney weight) blocked the usual response to isoproterenol. Removal of calcium from the perfusing medium had no effect on either the response to isoproterenol or the lack of a response to phenylephrine. On the other hand, when calcium is removed from the perfusate or when D-600, a calcium channel blocker, is added to calcium-containing medium, phenylephrine failed to block the usual response to isoproterenol. We conclude that the suppression of beta adrenoceptor stimulation of renin release by alpha adrenoceptor agonists is calcium dependent by a final mechanism as yet undefined, but probably involving movement of calcium into the juxtaglomerular cells.
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PMID:Role of calcium in the interaction of alpha and beta adrenoceptor-mediated renin release in isolated, constant pressure perfused rabbit kidneys. 631 14

To study the relationship between PGE2 and renin release from the kidney, examinations were performed on anesthetized dogs during afferent arteriolar dilation. This condition is known to increase renin release and enhance the stimulatory effects on renin release of beta-adrenergic agonists, such as isoproterenol. Afferent arteriolar dilation induced by constricting the renal artery or occluding the ureter increased PGE2 and renin release before, but not after, indomethacin administration. Isoproterenol infusion during afferent arteriolar dilation increased renin release but not PGE2 release both before and after indomethacin administration. Phenylephrine, an alpha-adrenergic agonist, which also induces afferent arteriolar dilation, increased PGE2 and renin release at control blood pressure but not when the afferent arterioles already were dilated by ureteral occlusion. We conclude that afferent arteriolar dilation caused by renal arterial constriction, ureteral occlusion or infusion of phenylephrine increases prostaglandin synthesis which stimulates renin release. The effect of isoproterenol on renin release is independent of prostaglandin synthesis.
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PMID:Relationship between PGE2 and renin release in dog kidneys. Effects of afferent arteriolar dilation and adrenergic stimulation. 638 24

On the buffalo ureter, histamine did not elicit any direct effect. However, it caused concentration-dependent relaxation of the tissues precontracted by carbachol, phenylephrine, norepinephrine, KCI or BaCl2 and also inhibited the contractile effect of carbachol. Metiamide selectively antagonised the relaxation and inhibition of contractile response but mepyramine did not show this effect. Isoprenaline, dobutamine, salbutamol, verapamil and papaverine neither produced any direct effect nor relaxed the carbachol-contracted tissues; norepinephrine and epinephrine had contractile effects. Hence, the histamine-induced relaxation was mediated through the activation of H2 receptors and not through adrenergic mechanisms or blockade of Ca(2+)-channels or inhibition of cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase.
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PMID:Histamine H2 receptor mediated relaxation of buffalo (Bubalus bubalus) ureter. 913 74

We investigated the beta-adrenoceptor subtypes mediating ureteral relaxation in rats, rabbits and dogs. The relaxing effects of beta-adrenoceptor agonists were evaluated on KCl-induced ureteral contractions. The rank order of potency of the catecholamines tested was isoprenaline > noradrenaline > adrenaline in rat ureter; isoprenaline > adrenaline > noradrenaline in rabbit ureter; only isoprenaline was effective in canine tissues. The beta1-adrenoceptor agonist, dobutamine, produced relaxation of rat ureter. The beta2-adrenoceptor agonist, procaterol, produced more significant relaxation of rabbit ureter than did dobutamine. CL-316243 [(R,R)-5-[2-[[2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethylamino]propyl]-1,3-b enzodioxole-2,2-dicarboxylate] and CGP-12177A [(+/-)[4-[3[(1,1-dimethylethyl)amino]-2-hydroxypropoxy]-1,3-dihydro-2H-+ ++benzimidazol-2-one hydrochloride], beta3-adrenoceptor agonists, were more effective in relaxing canine ureter than were dobutamine and procaterol. Isoprenaline-induced relaxation was antagonized by a beta1-adrenoceptor antagonist, CGP-20712A [2-hydroxy-5(2-((2-hydroxy-3-(4-((1-methyl-4-trifluoromethyl)1H-imidazol e-2-yl)phenoxy)propyl)amino)ethoxy)-benzamide monomethane sulphonate], in rats and by a beta2-adrenoceptor antagonist, ICI-118,551 [(+/-)-1-[(2,3-dihydro-7-methyl- 1H-inden-4-yl)oxy]-3-[(1-methylethyl)amino]-2-butanol hydrochloride], in rabbits. The non-selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, bupranolol, antagonized isoprenaline-induced relaxation in all species tested. In conclusion, beta-adrenoceptor agonists may relax ureter by stimulating mainly beta1-adrenoceptors in rats, beta2-adrenoceptors in rabbits and mainly beta3-adrenoceptors in dogs.
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PMID:Beta-adrenoceptor subtypes in the ureteral smooth muscle of rats, rabbits and dogs. 971 64

In the present study, we tried to determine what effects were induced by beta-adrenoceptor agonists on 40 mM KCl-induced rhythmic contraction and to clarify which beta-adrenoceptor subtypes are involved in the regulation of ureter motility in the guinea pig by using in vitro functional analysis. 40 mM KCl-induced rhythmic contraction was abolished by papaverine (10(-6) M), nicardipine (10(-5) M) and cromakalim (10(-5) M), but was not influenced by atropine (10(-6) M). Isoprenaline decreased the amplitude, and changed the pattern of 40 mM KCl-induced rhythmic contraction in concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest the possibility that the stimulation of beta-adrenoceptors may regulate the ureteral peristalsis. Salbutamol (selective beta2-AR agonist) and CGP12177 (beta(1,2)-AR antagonist and beta3-AR partial agonist) were also effective in decreasing the amplitude and changing the pattern of the rhythmic contraction. The pD2 values of agonists were 7.57 (isoprenaline), 5.80 (CGP12177) and 7.63 (salbutamol), respectively. The concentration-response curves of isoprenaline and salbutamol were rightward shifted by the presence of propranolol, and the apparent pA2 values for propranolol against isoprenaline and salbutamol were 7.12 and 6.29, respectively. These results suggest that inhibition for 40 mM KCl-induced rhythmic contraction of the ureter by isoprenaline and salbutamol mediated mainly via atypical beta-adrenoceptor subtype.
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PMID:The effects of beta-adrenoceptor agonists on KCl-induced rhythmic contraction in the ureter of guinea pig. 1083 Apr 74

A 21-year-old male double-yellowheaded Amazon parrot was referred because of possible urolithiasis. The bird had strained to void since it was young, and recently, signs of depression and inappetence had appeared. Radiography revealed 2 mineralized opacities in the left caudal portion of the celomic cavity. A left lateral celiotomy revealed that the left ureter was dilated and contained a calculus, which was later determined to be composed of monosodium uric acid crystals and proteinaceous material. The second mineralized mass could not be located at that time, but was detected in the caudal aspect of the celomic cavity after surgery by use of radiography. Manual attempts to maneuver the uterolith from the ureter through the cloaca were unsuccessful. Five days after the initial surgery, the uterolith was removed by cloacotomy and ventral midline laparotomy. Excretory urography performed 10 and 31 days after surgery revealed that the left ureter was homogeneously opacified and gradually decreased to 3 to 6 mm in diameter. The bird remained healthy and seemed to strain less severely during voiding. Nonspecific signs associated with ureteroliths may result in delay in diagnosis. Surgical removal of ureteroliths may be an effective treatment for this uncommon condition, but it is complicated by certain anatomic features of birds and may result in ureteral stricture.
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PMID:Ureterotomy for removal of two ureteroliths in a parrot. 1099 58

A 21-year-old male, who had been operated on for bilateral vesicoureteral refluxes (VURs) with bilateral ureterocystoneostomy (Politano-Leadbetter's method) 19 years before, was admitted to our hospital due to recurrent VUR. Since the former operation, he had undergone voiding cystography (VCUG) twice for two years, and no refluxes were found. Moreover, no evidence of upper urinary tract deterioration was found by either intravenous pyelography (IVP) or renal ultrasound scanning taken the year before this admission. Nineteen years after the operation, the dilation of the left lower ureter was found on IVP and, consequently, he suffered from pyelonephritis. The VCUG revealed the recurrence of left VUR. Because of his allergic reaction to collagen, we again performed left ureterocystoneostomy (Politano-Leadbetter's method). At three months postoperatively, there was no VUR found on VCUG.
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PMID:[Recurrence of vesicoureteral reflux detected 19 years after ureterocystoneostomy: a case report]. 1175 58

A 21-year-old woman who had been injured in a traffic accident appeared with abdominal pain and macroscopic hematuria. Computed tomography (CT) performed 6 hours after the injury showed extravasation of contrast medium in the right retroperitoneal space. Retrograde pyelography (RP) showed the interruption of right ureter at the site of ureteropelvic junction. We performed an abdominal operation 15 hours after the injury under the diagnosis of right ureteral avulsion. We observed a completely separated right ureter at the ureteropelvic junction, and performed an end to end anastomosis. The patient was discharged three weeks after surgery, and has not had any problems for three years.
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PMID:[Complete avulsion of ureter caused by abdominal blunt injury: a case report]. 1514 71

A 21- year-old lady presented with chyluria, severe malnutrition, secondary amenorrhea, profound hypoalbuminemia, heavy proteinuria and renal tubular abnormalities suggestive of Type IV renal tubular acidosis. No particular cause for chyluria could be ascertained. She was successfully treated with an injection of 2% silver nitrate into the left ureter and urinary bladder. She continues to be well after 15 years of follow-up.
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PMID:Successful treatment of chyluria, glomerular and tubular abnormalities in a young lady with silver nitrate instillation. 1749

A 21-year-old woman presented with a longstanding history of episodic right flank pain related to fluid consumption and recurrent urinary tract infections. On examination, there was right costovertebral angle tenderness. Renal tract ultrasound demonstrated hydronephrosis and CT urography confirmed transcaval ureter. The patient's clinical presentation was likely due to obstruction associated with the right ureter passing through the opening created by the duplicated segment of the inferior vena cava. While asymptomatic transcaval ureter can be managed conservatively, severe symptoms or complications of ureteric obstruction may require surgical treatment. In this case, treatment comprised a laparoscopic ureteroureterostomy with an end-to-end anastomosis between the proximal and distal sections of the right ureter. The patient's postoperative recovery was uneventful and she reported resolution of the flank pain during the one year of follow-up.
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PMID:Transcaval ureter: a rare embryological anomaly causing obstructive uropathy. 2569 37


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