Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Antidromic stimulation of sensory nerves or administration of capsaicin and SP in the guinea-pig induced vascular protein leakage with a similar pattern of distribution in different peripheral organs, characterized by a wide-spread but highly selective occurrence. The protein-extravasation responses in the tissues, following nerve stimulation or i.v. capsaicin, were highly correlated with the concentration of SP-LI. Systemic capsaicin treatment caused an almost total loss of SP-LI in visceral organs, in which the extravasation responses to capsaicin or nerve stimulation were also abolished. The ureter of the guinea-pig was most densely innervated by capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves, which arrive at the rostral part of the ureter via the inferior mesenteric ganglion. The caudal ureter was mainly innervated from the pelvic nerves. The vascular permeability increase induced by SP or capsaicin was more pronounced in the ureter than in any other organ investigated. SP-LI, TK-LI and CGRP-LI coexist in sensory neurons of the guinea-pig and man, as shown by immunohistochemistry. These three kinds of immunoreactivity were found in sensory cell bodies with similar regional and terminal distribution patterns in both the central and peripheral areas. Systemic capsaicin treatment induced marked reduction of SP- and TK-LI in peripheral organs except for the ileum. CGRP-LI in the ureter was also sensitive to the capsaicin treatment. Characterization of the TK-LI (K12) of the guinea-pig ureter and lung, using ion-exchange chromatography and HPLC, demonstrated that at least three immunoreactive components corresponding to NKA, NPK and ELE were present. The major form of SP-LI eluted in the same position as synthetic SP. The NKA- and ELE-like components were also identified by HPLC in water extracts of human ureter. NKB was not detectable in the sensory neurons of the guinea-pig. Capsaicin caused an acute release of SP-, NKA- and ELE-like components from superfused slices of both the spinal cord and ureter of the guinea-pig in vitro. The release of tachykinins by capsaicin was calcium-dependent but tetrodotoxin-resistant. No detectable release of NKB- or NPK-LI was induced by capsaicin. Tachykinins share a common spectrum of biological activities with regard to hypotension, bronchoconstriction and protein extravasation when given systemically to guinea-pigs. The potency of the hypotensive action of tachykinins was similar. NKA and NPK evoked much stronger bronchoconstrictor effects than SP, while SP was more active than NKA in inducing vascular permeability changes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Tachykinins and calcitonin gene-related peptide in relation to peripheral functions of capsaicin-sensitive sensory neurons. 243 Apr 27

The effects of neurokinins (NKs), tachykinins and some NK-related peptides (selective agonists for the NK-1, NK-2 or NK-3 receptors) have been investigated in the various sections of the rat lower urinary tract. In the isolated bladder, all peptides were substantially equipotent with the exception of senktide, an NK-3 agonist, which was distinctly less potent than the other compounds. Similar results were obtained in the isolated urethra. In these tissues, the maximal response to NK-1 agonists was distinctly less intense than that to the other peptides. In the bladder, exposure to phenoxybenzamine (30 microM for 90 min) reduced the response to NK-A but not that to substance P, KCl or field stimulation. In the isolated ureter, peptides active at both the NK-2 and the NK-3 sites [including senktide and [MePhe7]-NKB(4-10)] activated, at nanomolar concentrations a series of rhythmic contractions, whereas peptides active at the NK-1 site, were active only at micromolar concentrations. These findings provide further evidence that multiple NK receptors are present in the rat lower urinary tract. In the bladder, NK-2 and NK-1 sites mediate the direct response to NKs, in accordance with binding and autoradiographic data. In the ureter, both NK-2 and NK-3 sites may activate the direct contractile response to these substances.
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PMID:Neurokinin receptors in the rat lower urinary tract. 245 93

The distribution of neurokinin receptors in rat kidney, renal artery, renal vein, and proximal ureter was evaluated by autoradiography after in vitro labeling of NK1 sites with [125I]Bolton-Hunter substance P (BHSP) or NK3 sites with [125I][MePhe7]neurokinin B ([MePhe7]NKB). Film autoradiography using [125I][MePhe7]NKB revealed specific binding sites associated with the renal vein and its large branches, the renal pelvis, the inner strip of outer renal medulla, and the proximal ureter. High-resolution autoradiograms demonstrated that these sites were localized to the smooth muscle layer in the veins, pelvis, and ureter. Neither the renal arterial system nor the renal cortex contained specific [125I][MePhe7]NKB binding sites although a high level of nonspecific binding was associated with the renal artery. Specific binding of [125I]BHSP was associated with the renal artery and renal pelvis but not the renal veins. Arterial NK1 receptors appeared to be localized to the adventitia. The results indicate that at least two types of tachykinin receptor are present in the rat kidney. The distinct localization observed for most of the NK1 and NK3 receptors suggests that they have different functions.
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PMID:Autoradiographic localization of NK1 and NK3 tachykinin receptors in rat kidney. 747 2