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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Partial obstruction of the left ureter was created in two-day-old rats and its effects on kidney function were studied with 99mTc-DMSA and 99mTc-DTPA after one, two, three and six weeks, and after one year. Kidneys from animals sacrificed at the age of six weeks or one year were also examined histologically. The obstructed renal pelvis was enlarged by about 35 times and there was a delayed excretion of 99mTc-DTPA during forced diuresis, indicating significant, chronic obstruction. The renal DMSA-uptake ratio (left kidney/(left and right kidney] was reduced to about 40% from the first week of obstruction. The parenchymal weight ratio (expressed as above) was reduced to about 45% after both six weeks and one year. The glomerular filtration rate, examined during forced diuresis and calculated on the basis of uptake capacity, was lowered to 42% after six weeks but was not significantly reduced after one year of obstruction. The incidence figures for medullary hemorrhage or accumulation of iron pigment, and chronic inflammatory changes in the cortex were somewhat higher after one year of obstruction than after 6 weeks, but the lesions were patchy in both groups. We conclude that partial unilateral ureteric obstruction, created in the neonatal period, leads to a slight but permanent functional disturbance and parenchymal weight reduction without prominent structural parenchymal damage.
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PMID:Experimental obstructive hydronephrosis in newborn rats. XI. A one-year follow-up study of renal function and morphology. 255 74

The iron-transporting serum glycoprotein, transferrin, is necessary for the cell proliferation, morphogenesis, and differentiation of mouse embryonic teeth and kidneys in organ culture. The stimulatory effect of transferrin is mediated by the binding of transferrin to its specific cell-surface receptor and by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Since, in both teeth and kidneys, the requirement for and responsiveness to transferrin depend on the developmental stage of the organ, we studied the binding of transferrin at various stages of tooth and kidney development by incubating tissues with 125I-labeled transferrin. The amount of bound transferrin was determined by measuring the tissue-incorporated radioactivity, and the binding sites were localized by autoradiography. During tooth development in vitro, the requirement for exogenous transferrin is lost as the teeth proceed from the early cap stage to the bell stage. The level of transferrin binding was found to decrease simultaneously, and in bell-stage teeth, the transferrin receptors were concentrated in the areas of most active cell proliferation. In kidneys, the number of transferrin receptors was highest at the stage during which the undifferentiated kidney mesenchyme becomes responsive to transferrin. These receptors were located in both the ureter epithelium and the metanephric mesenchyme, and they dramatically decreased in number with advancing kidney differentiation. The results of the present study indicate that, during the embryonic development of teeth and kidneys, the amount and localization of transferrin binding are correlated with cell proliferation. The number of transferrin receptors is highest during the developmental stages when cell proliferation is most active, and decreases with advancing differentiation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Levels and patterns of 125I-labeled transferrin binding in mouse embryonic teeth and kidneys at various developmental stages. 360 30

First-pass intrarenal hemodynamics were studied with superparamagnetic iron oxide particles and a T2-weighted TurboFLASH (fast low-angle shot) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequence. Four groups of five rabbits each were imaged after bolus injection of 40, 100, 140, and 200 mumol/kg iron, respectively. Images were acquired every 1.2 seconds, with an acquisition time of 700 msec. The signal intensity was measured in the cortex, outer medulla, inner medulla, and globally. In preliminary pathologic applications, two rabbits were imaged after ligation of the lumbar ureter and two after embolization of the renal artery. The reproducibility of the normal dynamics was evaluated with a cross-correlation test. On the images, the intravascular progression of the iron particles could be visualized within the cortex and the two compartments of the medulla in all cases. The maximal reduction in signal intensity in the cortex and medulla increased with the dose. The relationship between signal intensity decrease and dose was not linear, and the reproducibility of the signal intensity versus time plots was acceptable only at the 140 and 200 mumol/kg doses. The decrease in signal intensity was reduced and delayed in the embolized and hydronephrotic kidneys.
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PMID:First-pass evaluation of renal perfusion with TurboFLASH MR imaging and superparamagnetic iron oxide particles. 842 6

To elucidate changes of the ureter with aging, the authors investigated age-related changes of element contents in human ureters. The subjects consisted of seven men and seven women, ranging in age from 61 to 97 yr. The contents of calcium, sulfur, and iron in the ureters increased progressively with aging, whereas the contents of phosphorus and magnesium did not increase with aging. Significant relationships were found both between calcium and sulfur contents and between calcium and iron contents in the ureters, but not between calcium and either phosphorus or magnesium contents. It was noteworthy that a significant relationship was also found between sulfur and iron contents in the ureters. It remains uncertain whether calcium forms a compound with sulfur or iron in aged human ureters or not.
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PMID:Age-related changes of elements in human ureter. 1105 86

The proteins AP65, AP51, AP33 and AP23 synthesized by Trichomonas vaginalis organisms in high iron play a role in adherence. Multigene families encode enzymes of the hydrogenosome organelles, which have identity to adhesins. This fact raises questions regarding the compartmentalization of the proteins outside the organelle and about the interactions of adhesins with host cells. Data here demonstrate the presence of the proteins outside the organelle under high-iron conditions. Fluorescence and immuno-cytochemical experiments show that high-iron-grown organisms coexpressed adhesins on the surface and intracellularly in contrast with low-iron parasites. Furthermore, the AP65 epitopes seen by rabbit anti-AP65 serum that blocks adherence and detects surface proteins were identified, and a mAb reacting to those epitopes recognized the trichomonal surface. Two-dimensional electrophoresis and immunoblot of adhesins from surface-labelled parasites provided evidence that all members of the multigene family were co-ordinately expressed and placed on the trichomonal surface. Similar two-dimensional analysis of proteins from purified hydrogenosomes obtained from iodinated trichomonads confirmed the specific surface labelling of proteins. Contact of trichomonads with vaginal epithelial cells increased the amount of surface-expressed adhesins. Moreover, we found a direct relationship between the levels of adherence and amount of adhesins bound to immortalized vaginal and ureter epithelial cells, further reinforcing specific associations. Finally, trichomonads of MR100, a drug-resistant isolate absent in hydrogenosome proteins and adhesins, were non-adherent. Overall, the results confirm an important role for iron and contact in the surface expression of adhesins of T. vaginalis organisms.
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PMID:Iron and contact with host cells induce expression of adhesins on surface of Trichomonas vaginalis. 1260 29

In the continuous blood destruction, essentially a chronic experimental anemia, caused by injecting the dog with Trypanosoma equiperdum, no increased elimination of iron is observed in the feces. The storage of iron in the liver and spleen under these experimental conditions is somewhat greater in amount, but of the same general character as in transient experimental anemia. Splenectomy before or after infection, i.e. the development of anemia, influences neither the elimination of iron in the feces nor its storage in the liver. The retardation of the course of the trypanosome infection and thus the production of a more chronic anemia by treatment with a trypanocide, arsenobenzol, likewise does not affect iron storage. These experiments have therefore failed to reproduce the changes in iron metabolism seen in certain of the chronic hemolytic anemias of man. In the presence of a bile duct-ureter fistula the iroh content of the mixture of urine and bile is not appreciably greater than that of the urine alone. In the dog, therefore, the elimination of iron in the the bile would not appear to be an important factor. On the other hand, when bile is excluded from the intestine an unusual storage of iron occurs in the spleen. For this no explanation is offered.
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PMID:THE ELIMINATION OF IRON AND ITS DISTRIBUTION IN THE LIVER AND SPLEEN IN EXPERIMENTAL ANEMIA. II. 1986 20

The nutcracker syndrome (NCS) is a rare cause of haematuria. It embraces an extended nonpathognomonic spectrum of symptoms that imply a difficult diagnosis. Ultimately it may be associated with substantial morbidity and even life-threatening events. We report a rare cause if a 12-year-old boy who presented with a history of frequent intermittent episodes of painless constant haematuria. The cystoscopy showed a bloody urine ejaculate from the left ureter meatus. The Doppler ultrasonography showed turbulent pattern of venous blood flow of the posterior renal vein branch behind the aorta. The abdominopelvic computer tomography (apCT) revealed left renal vein (LRV) duplication with a dilated retroaortic branch, entrapped between the aorta and the vertebral column, promoting the renal nutcracker syndrome. The patient was initially hospitalized and managed with oral iron supplements and continuous saline bladder irrigation, not requiring additional treatment. The child is currently asymptomatic, with haemoglobin value returning to normal and therefore proposed to conservative management with close followup. The authors present a case report of episodic haematuria caused by a rare entity-posterior nutcracker syndrome with renal vein duplication.
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PMID:Posterior nutcracker syndrome with left renal vein duplication: a rare cause of haematuria in a 12-year-old boy. 2291 36

Decellularized porcine kidneys were recellularized with renal epithelial cells by three methods: perfusion through the vasculature under high pressure, perfusion through the ureter under high pressure, or perfusion through the ureter under moderate vacuum. Histology, scanning electron microscopy, confocal microscopy, and magnetic resonance imaging were used to assess vasculature preservation and the distribution of cells throughout the kidneys. Cells were detected in the magnetic resonance imaging by labeling them with iron oxide. Perfusion of cells through the ureter under moderate vacuum (40 mmHg) produced the most uniform distribution of cells throughout the kidneys.
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PMID:Re-epithelialization of whole porcine kidneys with renal epithelial cells. 2875 7