Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The effect of acetazolamide on calcium metabolism was examined using sham-operated, ureter-ligated and nephrectomized rats. Acetazolamide doses from 10 to 500 mg/kg produced significant hypocalcemic effects in ureter-ligated and nephrectomized rats. However, doses of acetazolamide up to 1000 mg/kg were devoid of hypocalcemic activity when administered to sham-operated rats. Sham-operated rats exhibited an acidotic response to acetazolamide while ureter-ligated rats did not. Attenuation of this drug-induced acidotic response with i.p. injections of tris(hydroxymethyl)amino-methane uncovered a hypocalcemic effect of acetazolamide in sham-operated rats. Also, the hypocalcemia associated with acetazolamide treatment of ureter-ligated rats was negated when an acidosis was induced by prior injection of NH4Cl. These data indicate that the administration of inhibitors of carbonic anhydrase produces a hypocalcemia when a metabolic acidosis is not present.
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PMID:Acidosis inhibits the hypocalcemic effect of acetazolamide. 4 35

The effects of KRN2391 (N-cyano-N'-(nitroxyethyl)-3-pyridine carboximidamide methane-sulfonate), which possesses ATP-sensitive potassium (K+) channel opening (KCO) activity and nitrate activity; Ki1769 (N-cyano-N'-(phenylethyl)-3-pyridinecarboximidamide methanesulfonate), which possesses only KCO activity; and nitroglycerin (NG) were determined on the motility of the ureter, urinary bladder and urethra of rats. Bladder contraction was induced by infusion of fluid into the bladder of conscious rats and recorded on a cystometrogram. KRN2391 and Ki1769 (both 0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) prolonged the micturition interval immediately after the injection, but NG (5 mg/kg, i.v.) did not. Peristaltic movement of the ureter, recorded in anesthetized rats, was inhibited by i.v. injection of KRN2391 and Ki1769 (both 0.03 mg/kg). However, when NG, NaNO2, N-nitro L-arginine methylester and methylene blue were applied directly to the ureter, no change in movement of the ureter was detected. KRN2391 (0.03 mg/kg, i.v.) and Ki1769 (0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) reduced the resistance to fluid infusion through the urethral lumen in anesthetized rats, whereas NG (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) only reduced this resistance transiently. These results indicate that KCO activity had an inhibitory effect on the motility of the ureter, bladder and urethra. On the other hand, nitrate activity had an inhibitory effect on urethral tonus, corresponding to that induced by KCO activity.
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PMID:Effect of K+ channel openers, KRN2391 and Ki1769, and nitroglycerin on the urinary tract of rats in vivo. 1044 May 33