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Target Concepts:
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (
ureter
)
9,655
document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)
Glycerol
acute renal failure (ARF) was examined to see if it alters theophylline (Th) neurotoxicity in rats. Concentrations of Th in serum, cerebrospinal fluid and in brain at seizure onset were similar in control and ARF rats infused with Th. Thus,
glycerol
ARF fails to alter Th neurotoxicity, an effect similar to that noted previously with uranyl nitrate but not with
ureter
ligation.
...
PMID:Theophylline neurotoxicity is unaffected by glycerol-induced renal failure. 208 97
Effects of diltiazem on isolated
ureter
and coronary artery of the dog were compared with those of
glycerol
trinitrate (GTN). Diltiazem (DZ) (10(-9)-10(-6) M) decreased the force and frequency of ureteral rhythmic contractions evoked by potassium or phenylephrine in a concentration-dependent manner, and relaxed potassium-contracted coronary artery strips. The dose dependence of the inhibitory effects of diltiazem was similar on the
ureter
and coronary artery. GTN (10(-7)-10(-5) M) also showed similar inhibitory effects, but these were more pronounced on the coronary artery than on the
ureter
.
...
PMID:Comparative effects of diltiazem and glycerol trinitrate on isolated ureter and coronary artery of the dog. 308 Jul 61
The stop flow technique was used to investigate the permeability characteristics of the dog nephron to various C(14)-labeled non-electrolytes. 12 minutes after clamping the
ureter
, creatinine, PAH, and C(14) compound were injected intravenously. 2 minutes later, urine samples were collected. Urea and
glycerol
were able to enter the tubular urine along the entire nephron at rates which were commensurate with their molecular weights. No significant movement of larger molecules (D-arabinose, D-glucose, and mannitol) could be detected. However, after administration of twenty units of pitressin, D-arabinose was able to diffuse across the distal and proximal tubular epithelium.
...
PMID:Transcellular diffusion of non-electrolytes across the renal tubular epithelium. 1448 56
Precise regional quantitative assessment of renal function is limited with conventional
99m
Tc-labeled renal radiotracers. A recent study reported that the PET radiotracer 2-deoxy-2-
18
F-fluorosorbitol (
18
F-FDS) has ideal pharmacokinetics for functional renal imaging. Furthermore,
18
F-FDS is available via simple reduction from routinely used
18
F-FDG. We aimed to further investigate the potential of
18
F-FDS PET as a functional renal imaging agent using rat models of kidney disease.
Methods:
Two different rat models of renal impairment were investigated: induction of acute renal failure by intramuscular administration of
glycerol
in the hind legs, and induction of unilateral ureteral obstruction by ligation of the left
ureter
. At 24 h after these procedures, dynamic 30-min
18
F-FDS PET data were acquired using a dedicated small-animal PET system. Urine
18
F-FDS radioactivity 30 min after radiotracer injection was measured together with coinjected
99m
Tc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid urine activity.
Results:
Dynamic PET imaging demonstrated rapid
18
F-FDS accumulation in the renal cortex and rapid radiotracer excretion via the kidneys in healthy control rats. On the other hand, significantly delayed renal radiotracer uptake (continuous slow uptake) was observed in acute renal failure rats and unilateral ureteral obstruction kidneys. Measured urine radiotracer concentrations of
18
F-FDS and
99m
Tc-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid correlated well with each other (
R
= 0.84,
P
< 0.05).
Conclusion:
18
F-FDS PET demonstrated favorable kinetics for functional renal imaging in rat models of kidney diseases.
18
F-FDS PET imaging, with its advantages of high spatiotemporal resolution and simple tracer production, could potentially complement or replace conventional renal scintigraphy in select cases and significantly improve the diagnostic performance of renal functional imaging.
...
PMID:Functional Renal Imaging with 2-Deoxy-2-
18
F-Fluorosorbitol PET in Rat Models of Renal Disorders. 2924 99
