Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Investigations were conducted with the combination of N1-(4,5-dimethyl-2-oxazolyl)-sulfanilamide (sulfamoxole) and 2,4-diamino-5-(3,4,5-trimethoxy-benzyl)-pyrimidine (trimethoprim) (CN 3123, Nevin, Supristol) in a dose ratio of 5:1, with respect to pharmacological activity and possible side effects. The effects obtained with the combination CN 3123 were compared with those of the single substances. In a dose range comparable to that as used in clinical treatment, there were no effects on cardiovascular or respiratory functions, on functions of autonomic and central nervous system, on contractility of smooth muscles and on data of clinical chemistry such as urine and electrolyte excretion, blood sugar, blood coagulation and liver function tests. Doses which are 5 to 10 times higher than the initial dose or 10 to 20 times higher than the maintenance dose used in man caused an increase of urine and sodium excretion without influencing potassium and chloride output. There were no signs of sedation as alteration of motility or EEG patterns, but in mice and rats there was an increase in both duration and depth of anaesthesia caused by barbiturates or ether. Only in a dose range 30 to 40 times higher than the initial dose for man there were some slight alterations with respect to cardiovascular system and liver function tests. In vitro, with high concentrations of CN 3123 there was a weak, unspecific spasmolytic effect on the isolated ureter and an increase in the refractory period of the guinea pig atrium. There were no hints that the side effects seen with separate administration of high or very high doses of sulfamoxole or trimethoprim were increased or poteniated by their simultaneous administration. Slight side effects in animals were only observed with doses exceeding the tenfold of the doses for therapeutic use in men. Therefore, the therapeutic range of CN 3123 seems to be more than adequate.
 ...
PMID:[Pharmacological investigations with the combination sulfamoxole/trimethoprim, a new broadspectrum chemotherapeutic agent (author's transl)]. 94 23

Introduction of specific chemotherapy and vaccination leads to a remarkable recession of renal tuberculosis in the younger age group. Renal tuberculosis is the result of a haematogenous spread of tubercle bacillus. Haematogenous spreading occurs immediately after primary infection, or, in elderly patients, in combination with recurrency of tuberculous foci in lungs and hilar-lymphnodes. Simultaneous metastasis in the skeleton, especially in the vertebrae, are observed in 30%. The incubation period between tuberculous spread and clinical manifestation of renal tuberculosis lasts several years, in the average 5-8 years, for calcareous kidneys it may last as long as 20 years and more, for tuberculous pyelitis only a few months. Today it is possible to treat renal tuberculosis with drugs (Streptomycin, PAS and INH). In 13% the cicatrisation is combined with obstruction of calices and partial hydronephrosis, in 7% with obstruction of the ureter and total hydronephrosis. Early chemotherapy may prevent the development of tuberculous hydronephrosis.
 ...
PMID:[Pathology of renal tuberculosis (author's transl)]. 95 6

The authors report the case of a 13-year-old migrant girl with urinary tuberculosis, presenting with urinary tract infection, severe frequency and unexplained fever. Intravenous urography demonstrated a non-functioning left kidney and a small fibrotic bladder. Retrograde cystography revealed stage 4 right vesicoureteric reflux. The presence of the Koch bacillus was identified on urine culture. Medical treatment by Rifampicin and Isoniazid was instituted for 18 months. Surgical management, consisting of left nephroureterectomy, subtotal cystectomy with augmentation enterocystoplasty and resection of the pelvic part of the right ureter with ureterointestinal reimplantation, was performed. With a follow-up of 19 years, this patient has normal renal function and no urinary disorders. This case recalls the reality of urinary tuberculosis in children and confirms its insidious nature. The destructive course of urinary tuberculosis may require major urinary tract reconstruction, as in our case.
 ...
PMID:[Urinary tuberculosis in children. Report of a severe form with a followup of 19 years]. 1246 28