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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In 35 patients, renography with 131I-o-hippurate (OIH) and static renal imaging with 99mTc-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA) were used to measure differential renal function (DRF). The results were compared. Depth correction was applied in both methods. In non-obstructed kidneys (19 patients), both methods revealed nearly identical kidney function (r = 0.98). For completely obstructed kidneys (16 patients), OIH gave a significantly better DRF (14 ml/min) than DMSA. This small difference was of no clinical value. Because DMSA is reported to give unreliable results in unilateral obstructed kidneys, the right ureter was ligated in 8 dogs for 10 days and DRF was measured before and after opening an ureteral fistula. The difference in DRF was about 1% and could be accounted for by the amount of urinary radioactivity collected from the pelvic system after the ligature had been opened. Although DMSA appears to give reliable values in determining DRF, even in obstructed kidneys, OIH is preferred since total clearance values and postrenal urinary dynamics can be determined simultaneously.
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PMID:Effects of obstruction on single-kidney function: clinical and experimental results with 131I-hippurate and 99mTc-DMSA. 626 94

In 64 dogs the influence of a sudden unilateral ureteral obstruction on renal blood flow (RBF), on renal extraction of PAH and 131I-hippurate and on kidney function as determined by clearance methods was studied. By measuring the venous blood flow, using the method of Bretschneider, a decrease of the RBF was observed generally although in some cases the RBF remained constant or even increased. The arterial blood flow, controlled by electromagnetic means, showed a tendency to increase but in some cases remained constant or decreased. In all cases, independent of the reaction of the RBF to acute ureteral obstruction, a significant decrease of the renal extraction of PAH as well as of 131I-hippurate was observed. This decrease of kidney function was found by conventional methods (PAH- and 125I-hippurate clearance in "steady state" technique), whereas by external measurement of the 131I-hippurate clearance different results were obtained leading to the assumption of an increase of renal function. Only if urinary flow was free, the three methods agreed in their results. In kidneys damaged by a longer period of ureteral obstruction, these function tests yielded corresponding values only in the case of unimpaired urinary flow. Following repeated ureteral obstruction, external measurement and conventional methods no longer agreed in kidney function determination. In some cases, by external measurement renal function was determined to be higher before opening the ligation of the ureter as compared to the result achieved thereafter.
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PMID:[Animal experiment studies on the functional evaluation of hydronephrosis with non-catheter unilateral determination of 131I-hippuran clearance]. 652 73

Abnormalities of the fetal urinary tract, most commonly hydronephrosis of differing causes, can be detected by ultrasound (US). Prenatal measurements of the kidney can help to predict the postnatal outcome of hydronephrosis. About 20% of abnormalities evident in utero are not present after birth. After delivery, various imaging procedures, particularly US and voiding cystourethrography may be necessary to evaluate prenatally diagnosed abnormalities. Pyelectasis may be due to obstruction and this may be assessed by sonography during diuresis, urography or diuretic renography. Renography can also evaluate global and split function of the kidneys. 123I-hippurate and 99 mTc-MAG3 are superior to 99 mTc-DTPA, but there is no 'gold standard' technique available to assess obstruction. The majority of cases of hydronephrosis, even those which appear to be due to obstruction, can be treated conservatively without deterioration of renal function. Primary megaureter is the second most common cause of obstructive hydronephrosis in the newborn. The diagnostic procedures are similar if the dilated ureter persists unchanged and the infant is asymptomatic. Newborns with antenatally detected renal abnormalities frequently have associated vesicoureteric reflux.
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PMID:Uroradiology in the fetus and newborn: diagnosis and follow-up of congenital obstruction of the urinary tract. 987 22