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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relation of chemical composition and structure of uroliths to lithotripsy effects was evaluated with regard to the concrement size, location, time of the intraureteral persistence, etc. Besides, a prognosis of the remote impulse lithotripsy (RIL) outcome was attempted by x-ray picture and crystallization alterations in the urine. 54 patients with nephroliths and 73 patients with ureteroliths (overall 137 concrements) were examined. By RIL results, the patients were divided into 2 groups: those who benefited from RIL and those who failed it. Worse results were obtained in cases of oxalate concrements with radial-concentric structure and with phosphate ones composed primarily of hydroxylapathite. RIL efficacy was found to depend on a number of interrelated factors (chemical structure, location, size of the concrement, duration of its existence in the ureter). In long-standing ureteroliths the outcomes are associated with stone structure. The denser is the concrement the more probable is its strangulation and more apparent is periureteritis. Changes in crystallization can prompt RIL prognosis as well as it is possible by x-ray picture.
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PMID:[The effect of the physicochemical structural properties of urinary calculi on the results of extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy]. 820 63

Ureteral calculi and urinary retention are common problems encountered by the urologist. However, they rarely occur concomitantly. Herein, we describe a case of a 40-year-old female patient who developed urinary retention as a result of ureteral stone disease. Specifically, an ectopic upper pole ureter in a completely duplicated system contained a 2 x 6-cm ureteral stone, which emanated from the orifice, filling the urethra. The stone caused voiding difficulties to the extent that the patient had to manipulate the stone manually in order to void. The stone eventually resulted in urinary retention. Management was accomplished by cystoscopy and electrohydraulic lithotripsy of the stone. Chemical analysis revealed calcium phosphate and struvite as the principal components of the stone.
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PMID:Distal ureteral stone in a duplicated system causing urinary retention. 877 74

The effects of Ca(2+)-precipitating anions (oxalate and phosphate) and effective inhibitors of endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium pump (thapsigargin and cyclopiazonic acid) on azide-insensitive (5 mM) Mg2+,ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation in microsomes of ureter smooth muscle cells were studied. Oxalate (0-20 mM) and phosphate (0-60 mM) stimulate Mg2+,ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation. Thapsigargin and cyclopiazonic acid at 100 nM and 20 microM, respectively, completely inhibited (i.e., down to the level in the absence of oxalate) Ca2+ accumulation activated by 10 nM oxalate. These inhibitors only partially inhibited Ca2+ accumulation activated by 40 mM phosphate. Mg2+,ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation in microsomes, which is inhibited by thapsigargin and cyclopiazonic acid and activated by oxalate or phosphate, can result from functioning of calcium pump in endoplasmic reticulum of ureter myocytes. The inhibition constant, Ki, was calculated by the method of Hill and it was 0.3 nM and 0.2 microM for thapsigargin or cyclopiazonic acid, respectively. Mg2+,ATP-dependent Ca2+ accumulation in microsomes, which is insensitive to thapsigargin or cyclopiazonic acid and activated by phosphate, can result from functioning of calcium pump in plasma membranes of ureter myocytes.
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PMID:[Two components of sodium-azide insensitive Mg2+,ATP-dependent Ca2+ transport in ureteral smooth muscle membrane structures]. 903 37

28 patients with long-standing ureteroliths (present in the ureter for 2 months and longer, size 0.8-1.5 cm) were exposed to extracorporeal impulse lithotripsy (EIL). 26 of them were found to have inflammation in the kidneys and upper urinary tracts. Comparative data on EIL effect show that patients with long-standing ureteroliths need more intensive and long EIL treatment, that fragmentation is more troublesome in oxalate monohydrates and phosphate stones with hydroxylapatite. 4 cases eventuated in operative intervention, in 3 cases ureterolith extraction was performed. EIL results in long-standing ureteroliths depend on the presence of renal and urinary tract inflammation, severity of periureteritis, chemical composition, density and structure of the stones.
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PMID:[Extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy in patients with the long-term presence of stones in the ureter]. 905 2

A 32-year-old man consulted Osaka National hospital with chief complaints of dysuria and macrohematuria. DIP and CT revealed that the right kidney deviated to the lower pole of the left kidney and they fused together. The right ureter crossed over the supine. The calcified shadow existed in the lower end of the left ureter with cobra head image. He had no external anomalies. Under diagnosing crossed fused kidney (inverted L shaped) complicated the left ureterocele with a stone, transurethral incision of ureterocele (TUI) was performed. We made transverse incision and extracted stone, 7 mm in size (calcium oxalate 96% and calcium phosphate 4%). Three months later after the operation, IVP, CG and VCG revealed the down-sized ureterocele and no VUR. Crossed renal ectopia complicated many anomalies about 50%. Among them anomalies of the urinary tract was most frequent about 30%. But crossed renal ectopia with ureterocele wasn't reported so far in Japanese literature.
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PMID:[A case of crossed fused kidney with simple ureterocele]. 1065 64

Urolithiasis is quite prevalent in Satpura belt of Central India. Forty five children with urolithiasis were studied in Jawahar Medical Foundations Hospital, Dhule, Maharashtra over a period of three years. The mean age was 7.1 +/- 3.2 (range 18 months-15 years). The chief presenting complaints were dysuria and lower abdominal pain. The physical, laboratory and radiographic findings were evaluated. Calculi were located in the bladder (80%), urethra (9%), kidney (6.6%) and ureter (4.4%). Calculi were mainly composed of calcium oxalate (65.7%) and calcium phosphate (34.3%). The predominant urinary tract stones in the tribal Satpura belt are bladder stones and may be related to poor nutrition, low socioeconomic status and consumption of bajra (millet) as staple food as found in this region (93.5%).
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PMID:Urolithiasis: a tribal scenario. 1079 52

ensp;The distribution and colocalisation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced-diaphorase (NADPH-d)-/nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing (nitrergic) neurons in the innervation of the duck ureter have been studied using histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Quantitative analysis showed that nitrergic neurons made up 60% and 70% of the total intramural and adventitial neuronal populations, respectively. About 40% of intramural nitrergic neurons expressed VIP-immunoreactivity, and about 75% of nitrergic adventitial neurons expressed TH-immunoreactivity. The density of nitrergic adventitial neurons was significantly greater in the lower tract than in the upper and intermediate tracts. Nerve lesioning experiments showed that the majority of ureteral nitrergic innervation was extrinsic in origin; nitrergic adventitial neurons primarily projected caudocranially, whereas NOS-immunoreactive and NOS-/VIP-immunoreactive intramural neurons primarily projected craniocaudally. These findings suggest that, in birds, the nitrergic innervation plays a role in ureteral functions such as epithelial mucosecretion, muscular motility, and the closing and/or opening of the ureteral papilla.
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PMID:The distribution and colocalisation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate reduced-diaphorase (NADPH-d)-/nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing neurons in the innervation of the duck ureter. 1100 Feb 80

Development of an automated system to identify renal calculi based on its physical characteristics is proposed. Calculi are due to abnormal collection of certain chemicals like oxalate, phosphate and uric arid. Renal calculi may be present in kidney, ureter or in urinary bladder. An algorithm is proposed to detect calculus using its shadow. The system also extracts the properties of calculi such as size, shape and location, which are vital for reliable diagnosis. This method has been implemented in the MATLAB/IDL platform and a considerable success rate is obtained.
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PMID:Automatic segmentation of medical images for renal calculi and analysis. 1134 25

An algorithm proposed by Sridhar and Kumaravel is extended to include a framework for the detection of renal calculi. Calculi occur due to abnormal collection of certain chemicals like oxalate, phosphate and uric acid. These calculi can be present in the kidney, ureter or urinary bladder. Performance analysis is done to a set of five known algorithms using parameters such as success rate in calculi detection, border error metric and time. The framework is constructed by combining the best algorithm based on the performance analysis and a procedure to validate the detected calculi using the shadow it casts in ultrasound images. Ultrasound images of 37 patients are used for testing the algorithm. The detected calculi based on the framework match those determined by expert clinicians in more than 95% of the cases.
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PMID:Segmentation of renal calculi in ultrasound images. 1274 4

A retrospective review was performed of the records of 148 Croatian children with urolithiasis treated between 1989 and 2003. The study evaluated age, gender, family history, clinical symptoms, location of stone, laboratory findings, stone composition, mode of treatment and compared our results with data from higher and lower socio-economic countries. The mean age of our patients was 9.38 years (10 months to 18 years). Thirty-seven children (25%) were less than 5 years (group 1), 44 (29.7%) were between 5 and 10 years (group 2) and 67 (45.3%) were older than 10 years of age (group 3). There were 60 girls and 88 boys with overall male to female ratio of 1.47. Abdominal pain (83%) and haematuria (59.5%) were the main symptoms in the groups 2 and 3. Urinary tract infection was predominant symptom in the group 1 (62.1%). Calculi were located in the kidney in 90 children (60.8%), in the ureter in 39 (26.4%), in the bladder in 8 (5.4%). Urinary tract anomalies with or without infection were associate with a greater frequency of urolithiasis in the youngest age group and hypercalciuria was predominant cause in children over 5. Stone analysis was performed in 80 children. Predominant constituent of stones was calcium oxalate (48.7%), followed by struvite (25%), calcium phosphate (13.7%), cystine (10%) and uric acid (1.2%). Calcium oxalate stones were most common in all age groups. Struvite stones were most prevalent in the children younger than 5 years of age. Most patients (33.1%) underwent surgery for removal of their calculi. In 31.8% of children stones were passed spontaneously and the highest spontaneous passage rate was in the group 3 (37.3%). Stone composition, location and etiology in Croatian children are similar to those in developed Western countries.
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PMID:Pediatric urolithiasis in Croatia. 1474 67


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