Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Experiments were carried out in-vitro using segments of guinea-pig ileum, taenia caeci, ureter and detrusor. In the ileum, oxybutynin (30, 100 nM) competitively antagonized acetylcholine-induced contractions but did not alter those induced by histamine. Higher concentrations of oxybutynin (up to 10 microM) induced a non-competitive depression of responses to both agonists and caused a parallel shift to the right of the Ca2+-induced contractions in taenia caeci strips bathed in a Ca2+-free, high-K+ medium. In the ureter, oxybutynin (1-10 microM) impaired rhythmic muscular contractions in normal medium and after CaCl2 addition in Ca2+-free medium. Similarly to verapamil (10, 30 microM), oxybutynin (10, 30 microM) depressed both the cholinergic and non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic components of the electrically-induced contractions of detrusor strips. It is concluded that oxybutynin has anticholinergic properties and, at higher concentrations, exerts a direct spasmolytic activity possibly mediated by blockade of the transmembrane Ca2+ fluxes responsible for smooth muscle contraction.
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PMID:Depressant action of oxybutynin on the contractility of intestinal and urinary tract smooth muscle. 288 93

To evaluate the effect of a tissue adhesive agent (BI 0.022) on renal pelvic and ureteral surgery, the adhesive was applied for 44 patients with urolithiasis. The conventional suture method was performed in 87 patients as a control. The tissue adhesive is composed of fibrinogen, thrombin, factor XIII, aprotinin and CaCl2. The number of sutures for closure of the incision made on the rental pelvis and the ureter was significantly reduced by the use of the tissue adhesive (p less than 0.01). There was no tendency of increase in urinary leakage following the application of the method in comparison with the control. Furthermore, it was noteworthy that 10 in cases with less than a 1 cm ureteral incision were completely closed by the use of the adhesive agent. This tissue adhesive agent should be valuable for renal pelvic and ureteral surgery as a simple substitute for the conventional suture method.
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PMID:[The efficacy of a tissue adhesive agent (BI 0.022) in urinary tract surgery--application to pyelo- and ureterolithotomy]. 349 Jul 42

Previous studies on the mode of action of flavoxate have shown that the drug exerts a selective and direct muscle relaxant activity. In order to study the mode of action of flavoxate, the following activities were investigated: calcium blocking, inhibition of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE), local anaesthetic activity, the effects on the synthesis and release of prostaglandins. In the K+-depolarized guinea-pig taenia coli, contracted by CaCl2, flavoxate and papaverine showed a moderate calcium antagonistic activity. Anticholinergic drugs, such as atropine and emepronium, did not exert a similar action. The antispasmodic activity of a drug can be correlated with inhibition of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase, and since papaverine is a potent PDE inhibitor, we tested flavoxate for this activity. Flavoxate exerted a PDE inhibitory activity about three and five times greater than that of aminophylline in tissues homogenates of guinea-pig ureter and urinary bladder, respectively. It also showed the same local anaesthetic activity of lidocaine. Finally, the synthesis and release of prostaglandins by urinary bladder muscle in vitro have been investigated before and after treatment with flavoxate. Myolytic activity of papaverine and flavoxate do not involve inhibition of prostaglandins synthesis in rat urinary bladder in vitro. Therefore, the mode of action of flavoxate can be related to a superimposition of myotropic, calcium antagonistic and local anaesthetic activity.
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PMID:Pharmacological studies on the mode of action of flavoxate. 632 16