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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The bladder pressure necessary to cause vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was measured in 16 female rats. Under general anesthesia, the ureters were exposed via an abdominal incision and a pressure catheter was placed near the ureterovesical junction. Values of bladder distension and bladder pressure increase to cause VUR were obtained by injecting isotonic saline in one ureter until VUR in the opposite ureter was detected as a sudden pressure increase. After 5 min the same procedure was done on the contralateral side. This procedure was repeated eight times in each rat with a 15-min intermission. The bladder pressure at which VUR occurred was measured through a ureteral catheter. Two groups were studied: G1, control, and G2, administration of intravenous metoclopramide (0.007 mg/100 g body weight) four times.
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PMID:Pressure evaluation of the antireflux ability of the rat ureterovesical junction. 375 May 80

Percutaneous antegrade pyelography under ultrasonic real-time guidance was performed in 18 cases of obstructive hydronephrosis, which were poorly visualized the renal collecting system on excretory urography and in which or retrograde pyelography could not be performed successfully. This technique was safe, accurate and easy, and provided significant diagnostic information in these cases. With the patient under local anesthesia an 18 gauge spinal needle was inserted into the renal pelvis. Approximately 10-20 ml fluid were withdrawn from the renal pelvis for cytology and culture. After the injection of contrast medium radiograms were obtained in adequate positions. Delayed films were obtained when indicated. In 8 cases pelvic and/or ureter tumor was diagnosed. In two cases congenital anomalies were diagnosed, one had complete obstruction at the ureteropelvic junction and the other had complete obstruction at the ureterovesical junction. In the other three cases ureter ligation and in 5 cases ureter stenosis were diagnosed. The quality of the aspirated urine was dark-red in 6 cases, positive cytology, in 6 cases, all of which had pelvic and/or ureter tumors. No severe complications were observed.
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PMID:[Antegrade pyelography]. 390 63

Hepatocytes were isolated from rats following bilateral nephrectomy, ureter ligation or sham operation under sodium pentobarbital (Nembutal) anesthesia to investigate the potential role of energy charge and redox state for the gluconeogenetic ability of liver cells. Ketogenesis from l-serine, sodium pyruvate or dihydroxyacetone was significantly higher in hepatocytes of acutely uremic rats indicating higher concentration of reducing equivalents in the mitochondria. During incubation, the mitochondrial redox state characterized by beta-hydroxybutyrate/acetoacetate ratio moved into direction of reduction in all experimental groups, whereas cytosolic redox state characterized by lactate/pyruvate ratio shifted to the oxidative state indicating lack of cytosolic reducing equivalents. Hepatocyte ATP and oxoglutarate production of ureter-ligated rats were significantly higher compared with binephrectomized or sham-operated animals independent of the substrates used. Simultaneously, energy charge showed values higher than 0.85 only in hepatocytes of ureter-ligated animals indicating high energy supply for energy requiring processes. We conclude that hepatic gluconeogenesis and ketogenesis of acutely uremic rats are limited by a lack of cytosolic reducing equivalents independent of cell energy supply.
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PMID:Role of energy charge and redox state for hepatocyte gluconeogenesis of acutely uremic rats. 400 Mar 49

We carried out studies using an ureterorenoscope in 14 cases, including 13 patients suffering from an ureteral stone. The stone was smaller than 1 cm and existed in lower and middle portion. The other patient had a foreign substance, which was a double J-stent catheter that had been passed into the middle portion of the ureter accidentally. Initially, the size and course of ureter, the position of stone and foreign substance were ascertained using a retrograde pyelogram. The patients were placed in a lithotomy position under spinal anesthesia or epidural anesthesia. The ureterorenoscope was inserted into the bladder through urethra and the instrument was further extended through ureteral orifice and ureteral lumen to the position of the calculus or foreign substance while observing the procedure. Once the calculus or foreign substance was observed, a 4F Pfister-Schwartz stone retriever or forceps was inserted through working channel. After coming in contact with the stone or foreign substance, the matter was removed while observing it with the scope. The foreign substance and 77% of the stones observed were removed by this procedure and the usefulness of the ureterorenoscope was successfully demonstrated in the cases. However, on the other hand, of these 14 cases, 2 (14%) experienced ureteral injury. In one case, the ureter was penetrated by the scope; and in another, injury occurred during the biopsy of the ureteral wall. Therefore, it is our opinion that more careful use of the ureterorenoscope is necessary to prevent these types of injuries.
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PMID:[Experience in using a ureterorenoscope in 14 cases]. 406 Dec 14

A six-year-old boy with abdominal pain since the age of two years is described. Physical examination revealed no abnormality but under general anaesthesia a mass could be felt in the left upper abdominal quadrant. An X-ray showed calcification in that quadrant, anterior to the vertebrae and an IVP revealed incomplete duplication of the left ureter. At laparotomy, small multiple calculi were removed from the pancreatic duct and pancreatico-jejunostomy was performed. Following surgery, his crippling abdominal pain ceased dramatically and he has remained symptom-free.
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PMID:Juvenile tropical pancreatitis syndrome in northern Nigeria: a case report. 608 49

High-energy shock waves were used to disintegrate kidney stones in dogs and man. In 96% of 60 dogs with surgically implanted renal pelvic stones, the fragments were discharged in the urine. The same effect was achieved in 20 out of 21 patients with renal pelvic stones. In the twenty-first patient, a staghorn calculus was broken up to facilitate surgical removal. 2 patients with upper ureteric stones also received shock waves, but their stones had to be removed surgically; in 1 of these the stone had been embedded in the ureteric wall by connective tissue. The procedure can in many cases be done under epidural instead of general anaesthesia. Side-effects consisted of slight haematuria and, occasionally, of easily treatable ureteric colic. They were probably due to passage of fragments down the ureter. Disintergration of kidney stones by shock waves seems to be a promising form of treatment that reduces the need for surgery.
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PMID:Extracorporeally induced destruction of kidney stones by shock waves. 610 46

Of all the lasers available for medical applications only the Neodymium-YAG laser has been retained with a clear indication for open and endoscopic tumor destruction in urology. This is due to the biophysical properties of this laser. The main indications for Neodymium-YAG laser application are benign and malignant tumors of the glans penis and the penis shaft as well as multiple small tumors distributed over the urethra and bladder mucosa. But tumors of the ureter and renal pelvis can also be destroyed endoscopically with the laser. The advantages of Neodymium-YAG laser application are: the great radicality of the contact-free tumor destruction coupled with closure of the blood and lymphatic vessels of the tumor, no hemorrhages, no anesthesia, only conscious sedation, and above all, short operation times that make the procedure suitable for use in outpatients.
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PMID:[Neodymium YAG laser in clinical urology. Current status and clinical experiences]. 638 35

In acute rat kidney insufficiency, caused by bilateral nephrectomy or ureter ligation, functional activity of hepatocyte cytoplasmic structure was decreased. Estimation of the cytoplasmic structures functional state included studies of hexenal anesthesia duration, determination of cytochromes P-450 and b5 content in liver microsomal fraction as well as of activities of amidopyrine-N-demethylase and aniline hydroxylase. The alterations of these parameters occurred apparently due to the effect of high concentrations of urea on liver tissue.
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PMID:[Functional state of cytoplasmic reticulum of hepatocytes in rats with acute kidney insufficiency]. 662 92

Nephrostomy catheters offer nonsurgical modes of therapy for some renal stones. Continuous lavage of the stones using hemiacidrin (Renacidin) for struvite stones, THAM-E or acetylcysteine for cystine stones, and bicarbonate solution for uric acid stones may dissolve either entire stones or stone fragments remaining after surgery. Although irrigation is not without potential complications, recent developments in technique have minimized these. Nephrostomy tubes can also be used to transmit stone baskets through steerable catheters to snare stones from the upper collecting system or from the ureter; any stone that can be engaged and withdrawn through the tube tract can be removed; stones larger than those which can be safely extracted through the ureterovesical junction can be so treated. Neither of these procedures requires general anesthesia, the rate of serious morbidity is low, and the required hospital stay is often less than that for surgery; these modes of therapy are therefore valuable for certain patients.
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PMID:Therapy for renal calculi via percutaneous nephrostomy: dissolution and extraction. 702 Feb 7

Hamsters have never before been used for experimental kidney transplantation. An original anesthetic and microsurgical protocol is presented for renal transplantation in hamsters based on a series of 152 orthotopic renal transplantations. This operation is performed with the animal under general anesthesia of acepromazine and sodium thiopental. A left nephrectomy is followed by left renal orthotopic transplantation. The transplantation is performed in the following order: anastomosis of the renal artery and aorta, anastomosis of the renal vein to the inferior vena cava, and implantation of the ureter in the bladder. The survival rate after contralateral nephrectomy was 71 % in 45 female hamsters. Male hamsters should not be used because of a high risk of severe periureteral stenosis caused by fibrosis secondary to necessary dissection of the large seminal vesicles. The prevention of hypothermia in hamsters is mandatory.
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PMID:Renal transplantation in hamsters. 704 67


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