Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Vesico-ureteral reflux, a common pathology in children, can be treated cystoscopically by injection of a bulking material underneath the most distal, intramural ureter, which forces the latter to do a detour, increasing its submucosal path. This increase of the length of the submucosal path of the ureter within the bladder is directly responsible for the anti-reflux effect. So far Teflon and collagen paste have been commonly used as bulking materials. We suggest replacing these materials by living tissue consisting of bladder smooth muscle, normally present at this location. The aim of this work is to provide a long-term effective treatment by producing bioresorbable microspheres which can act as a support matrix and an entrapment substance for bladder smooth muscle cells, with the goal of an in vivo transfer of the in vitro cultured cells with a minimal surgical procedure. By the use of Spinning Disk Atomization, which has specifically been developed for this purpose, we have shown two methods for the preparation of porous poly(lactic acid) microspheres with tunable sizes from 160 to 320 microm. The controlled solvent burst method has shown the advantage over the crystal leaching method in the direct creation of microspheres with large closed pores, by atomizing the polymer solution in controlled temperature conditions. Microspheres with various closed pore structures have thus been prepared. The innovation of this work is in the direct and rapid formation of porous microspheres with a pore morphology which is designed to create cavities suitable for adherence and growth of cells by adapting the temperature conditions of atomization. Injection tests have shown promising results in using these cell-loaded microspheres for future non-invasive tissue engineering.
 ...
PMID:Bioresorbable microspheres by spinning disk atomization as injectable cell carrier: from preparation to in vitro evaluation. 1081 66

The results of evaluation of the efficacy of alpha1-adrenoblockers in treatment of ureteral calculi are presented. Comparative, prospective, placebo-uncontrolled nonrandomized single-center study was performed, which included 118 patients with solitary diagnosed calculi in various parts of ureter. After the pain relief, all the patients underwent conservative therapy aimed at spontaneous discharge of concretions. The maximum duration of conservative treatment was 28 days. Ultrasound monitoring was performed every week in all patients. The control group of patients received only Drotaverinum 40 mg three times a day, and analgesics. The main group received alpha1-adrenoblocker tamsulosin at a standard dose of 0.4 mg once a day along with Drotaverinum and analgesics. The overall probability of a discharge of concrements localized in the distal ureter was significantly (P = 0.02) higher in the patients treated with alpha1-adrenoblockers. Treatment regimen in main group of patients allowed better control of pain during all periods of observation, even if the discharge of concretions was not registered. The overall probability of migration of concrements from the proximal to the distal ureter in main group of patients was 52% versus 32% in controls (P = 0.17). The frequency of adverse effects was comparable in both groups. Vertigo, postural hypotension, and weakness were significantly more frequent in the main group of patients. Univariate and multivariate analyses of the proportional hazards model have demonstrated that the administration of alpha1-adrenoblocker increased the likelihood of a discharge of concrement from the distal ureter. It is shown that the nature of the applied therapy has directly influence on the risk of an earlier discharge of concretions. Inclusion of alpha1-adrenoblockers in the treatment scheme increased the probability of discharge of concrements at 4.11 times.
 ...
PMID:[Application of alpha1-adrenoblockers in treatment of ureteral calculi]. 2334 9