Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Glycerol acute renal failure (ARF) was examined to see if it alters theophylline (Th) neurotoxicity in rats. Concentrations of Th in serum, cerebrospinal fluid and in brain at seizure onset were similar in control and ARF rats infused with Th. Thus, glycerol ARF fails to alter Th neurotoxicity, an effect similar to that noted previously with uranyl nitrate but not with ureter ligation.
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PMID:Theophylline neurotoxicity is unaffected by glycerol-induced renal failure. 208 97

The purpose of this investigation was to determine if the pharmacodynamics of the central nervous system stimulant pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) are altered in renal dysfunction. Female rats subjected to bilateral ureteral ligation (with sham-operated controls) or injected with uranyl nitrate (with saline injected controls) were infused intravenously with PTZ until the onset of either a minimal (myoclonic jerk) or maximal (tonic hindlimb extension) seizure. Neither chemically nor surgically induced renal dysfunction caused a change in the concentrations of PTZ in CSF, serum, or brain at onset of minimal seizures. When PTZ was infused to onset of maximal seizures, the rats with chemically induced renal dysfunction required higher concentrations, whereas the ureter-ligated rats convulsed at lower concentrations of PTZ than did the corresponding control animals. Thus, the effects of experimental renal dysfunction on the convulsant action of PTZ are dependent on both the disease model and the endpoint used for the pharmacodynamic measurement. Apparently, renal dysfunction did not affect the PTZ-induced seizure threshold, but inhibited the spread of seizures. The increased sensitivity of ureter-ligated rats may be due to their pronounced retention of water, since water loading is known to increase seizure susceptibility.
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PMID:Kinetics of drug action in disease states. XXXIII: Disparate effects of pentylenetetrazol in rats as a function of renal disease model and pharmacologic endpoint. 271 36

Theophylline, the bronchodilating agent, can cause life-threatening, generalized seizures when plasma concentrations exceed the usual therapeutic concentration range. However, the plasma concentrations of theophylline associated with this neurotoxic effect vary widely between patients. To determine the reasons for the wide variation, and thereby to facilitate prevention or early treatment of theophylline-induced neurotoxicity, an animal model of theophylline-induced seizures was developed and has now been used to determine the effect of experimental renal failure on the concentrations of theophylline that cause convulsions. Adult female rats were subjected to bilateral ureteral ligation or injected with uranyl nitrate to produce renal failure or dysfunction. Sham-operated and saline-injected rats, respectively, served as controls. Theophylline was infused i.v. at either 1.03 or 2.06 mg/min until the onset of maximal seizures. Renal failure due to ureter ligation was associated with a substantial reduction of the dose of drug required to produce seizures, the concentrations of total and free (unbound) theophylline in serum and the concentrations of theophylline in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid at onset of seizures. The concentrations of theophylline metabolites were very low and did not account for the enhanced neurotoxicity. No apparent change in the neurotoxicity of theophylline was observed in rats with uranyl nitrate-induced renal dysfunction. The results of the investigation on ureter-ligated rats are consistent with recent clinical findings of a higher incidence of theophylline-induced neurotoxicity in azotemic patients. The experimental methodology may therefore be suitable for the prospective identification of other potential clinical risk factors for theophylline neurotoxicity.
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PMID:Kinetics of drug action in disease states. XVIII. Effect of experimental renal failure on the pharmacodynamics of theophylline-induced seizures in rats. 380 13

We describe a 20-year-old 46,XY woman, with clinical findings of Fraser syndrome and three mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations of Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. The patient had microphthalmia, blindness, widely spaced nipples, bifid ureter, syndactyly of the toes, and mental retardation. Sonography showed the presence of a uterus and intra-abdominal gonads. The proband was screened for mtDNA mutations because of chronic gastrointestinal pseudo-obstruction, urinary tract dysmotility, seizures, mental retardation and persistent macrocytosis, as well as the intermittent elevation of methylmalonic acid. Analysis of point mutations by multiplex polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific oligonucleotide dot-blot hybridization revealed three homoplasmic mtDNA mutations, T14484C, T4216C, and T3394C. This represents a unique case with sex reversal, Fraser-like syndrome, and mitochondrial disease.
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PMID:Mitochondrial DNA mutations in a patient with sex reversal and clinical features consistent with Fraser syndrome. 1569 63

A 28-yr-old man presented with recurrent reduced consciousness, generalized seizures of unknown etiology, recurrent hypoglycemia, psychomotor retardation, and grade 2 ectasia of the left kidney. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans demonstrated a well-circumscribed suprapubic pelvic mass, measuring 18 x 15 x 11 cm, with involvement of para-aortic lymph nodes and dilatation of the left ureter suggestive of an extragonadal testicular tumor. We excised the tumor by laparotomy, and it was confirmed to be a solitary fibrous tumor (SFT). After surgery and R0 tumor resection, the patient had no further evidence of hypoglycemia or of recurrence.
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PMID:Retroperitoneal malignant solitary fibrous tumor of the small pelvis causing recurrent hypoglycemia by secretion of insulin-like growth factor 2. 1884 86

Seizure associated with antiemetics is rare. We report seizure associated with a 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist in a 38 years old female. The patient underwent ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy due to left upper ureter stone. After operation, the patient complained of nausea in the postanesthetic recovery unit. In order to subside symptom, the patient was administrated 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist, palonosetron, 0.075 mg intravenously. Shortly after administration of that, the patient developed generalized tonic-clonic seizures. The symptom was subsided after midazolam and thiopental sodium were injected. But 40 minutes later, seizure recurred and subsided with midazolam again. The patient recovered completely without any specific sequelae.
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PMID:Seizure developed after palonosetron intravenous injection during recovery from general anesthesia -A case report-. 2294 88