Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The double-pyelon kidney, i.e. the total or partial duplication of the urinary transport system may involve both diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties. Observations are presented on the strength of 398 cases with total or partial duplication of the upper urinary tract. The incidence rate was 0.7 percent. The various types of duplication are presented with the diagnostic and therapeutic features involved. Transport function is discussed in detail as investigated under ideal physiologic conditions: during excretory urography under the amplifier screen. Aiming at early detection of the congenital anomaly and specification of the appropriate management, a urologic check-up is suggested even with mild presenting symptoms. Special emphasis is given to the consistent day-time enuresis in children over 3 years old, as a possible sign of ectopic ureter. Both children and parents are saved much unpleasantness by early detection, proper management and considerate surgery.
 ...
PMID:[The double-pyelon kidney with special regard to the transport function (author's transl)]. 97 75

The word "enuresis" is the greek word for incontinence. Enuresis has to be considered as a symptom and not as a disease. We have to keep in mind that urine leaking may be due to an anatomical anomaly (epispadias, ectopic ureter, spinal coral lesion, urethral obstacle) in which case treatment of the underlying disease constitutes treatment of enuresis. Nevertheless, enuresis is isolated in 95% of cases. Three groups are defined depending on whether the bladder is normal, hyperactive or retentionnist with bladder-sphincter dyssynergia. We emphasize the frequency of coexistence of these three aspects and the gravity of a wrong diagnosis. The onset or presence of bladder-sphincter dyssynergia is a major concern for the pediatric urologist due to its severity and the difficulties of treatment.
 ...
PMID:[Enuresis]. 144 45

We report on a 22-year old patient with an ectopic ureter ending in the vestibulum of the vagina without genital malformations. Generally, the diagnosis of this anomaly will have already been made in childhood, because of enuresis uretica and therapy-resistant vaginal discharge. The methods of diagnosis leading to this anomaly, which is rare at that age, and the therapeutic requirements are shown.
 ...
PMID:[Ectopic ureteral junction as a cause of chronic pelvic pain and treatment refractory vaginal discharge]. 214 82

The results of treatment of 41 children with vesical exstrophy were analysed. Four types of surgeries were performed: 1) transplantation of Lieutaud's triangle into the sigmoid (n = 19); 2) its transplantation into the semi-isolated part of the sigmoid (n = 7); 3) ureteral transplantation into the sigmoid (n = 3); 4) the formation of the urinary bladder and ureter from the adjacent tissues (n = 12). In the first group 2 children died, 6 patients had no clinical signs of chronic renal or ureteral inflammation for the period of 5-17 years, the remaining 11 patients had pyelonephritis. In the second group 5 children were apparently healthy for 1-3 years after the operation, one child developed pyelonephritis, one child died from pneumonia. In the third group 2 patients were apparently healthy 1.5-2 years after the surgery, 1 child developed pyelonephritis. A great number of complications such as sutural incompetence followed by fistulization or enuresis made the authors avoid the fourth type. Thus, while forming an urointestinal anastomosis, preference is given to transplantation of Lieutaud's triangle or ureters proper into the semi-isolated segment according to the antireflux methods, if there are strictures in their distal portions.
 ...
PMID:[The treatment of bladder exstrophy]. 239 42

Muscle strips from the fundus, trigonum and distal ureters obtained from children at operations for vesico-ureteric reflux were studied using histochemical and immunohistochemical methods, and electrical nerve stimulation in an organ bath. A rich supply of cholinergic nerves was found and despite a partial atropine resistance the neurophysiological experiments indicated that the transmitter causing contraction of the detrusor muscle is acetylcholine. Imipramine, which is used in the treatment of enuresis, had no anticholinergic effect on the bladder in the doses used clinically. The adrenergic innervation was very sparse except around the ureter orifices. No contractile alpha-adrenoceptors could be detected but beta receptor mediated relaxation was found, which was neither of the beta 1 nor beta 2 type. A third type of beta receptor is postulated. Peptidergic nerves containing vasoactive intestinal peptide, VIP, were demonstrated in a few nerve terminals running along bundles of smooth muscle. No nerves containing enkephaline, somatostatine or substance P were found. VIP affected the detrusor muscle indicating a possible role as a modulator of transmitter action, while substance P had no effect. The anticholinergic and calcium antagonistic drug terodiline inhibited all muscle activity, whether it was induced by nerve stimulation, cholinergic drugs or a potassium rich solution, making it suitable for treatment of diurnal enuresis.
 ...
PMID:Innervation of the child urinary bladder. 302 85

Thirty-nine cases of functional reconstruction of exstrophied bladder are reviewed. There were 20 females and 19 males. In a first group of 31 staging was planned and carried out in 26 while 3 are awaiting a second stage. In a second group of 8 a single operation was performed. Out of the 31 early cases there were 2 deaths and 10 failures, 16 show good or very good functional result. All 16 show moderate renal scarring from reflux pyelonephritis which occurred between I and II stage. Single operation consisted of innominate osteotomy, bladder and bladder neck and urethral reconstruction and anti-reflux procedure (osteotomy was omitted in a 3 days old baby). Three, operated upon when aged 8 mths., 1 year and 4 years, were breakdowns of previous closure. They are incontinent and will need further surgery at the bladder outlet. Four are dry in the morning and suffer from occasional stress incontinence and enuresis. One, now aged 4 years, still wears pads. These last 5 are awaiting final assessment of and eventually further surgery to improve continence. In all 8 cases pyelo-calyceal cavities are normal except for a moderate right dilatation in one because of kinking of the reimplanted ureter. Delay in bladder closure (mean age 5 mths.) and severe changes to the bladder wall and possibly staging seems to be responsible for most of the failures and for renal damage occurring, after closure, in bladders showing moderate compliance. Single operation allows full protection of upper tract and kidney and should be preferred in patients aged over 2 months. Better functional results may be obtained if operation is performed soon after birth.
 ...
PMID:Functional reconstruction of exstrophied bladder. Timing and technique. Follow-up of 39 cases. 307 Oct 25

A 3-year-old girl was admitted with continuous enuresis. Urological examination and operation disclosed the left upper ureter ectopically opened into the vagina, and the vagina opened into the urethra (common urogenital sinus). Vesicoureteroneostomy was performed, and after the operation, incontinence disappeared. The 648 cases reported in Japan were discussed.
 ...
PMID:[Ectopic ureteral opening with common urogenital sinus. Review of the literature of 648 cases in Japan]. 329 88

Muscle strips from the fundus, trigone, and distal ureter obtained from children at operation for vesicoureteric reflux were studied using histochemical and immunohistochemical methods, and electrical nerve stimulation in an organ bath. A rich supply of cholinergic nerves was found and the transmitter causing contraction of the detrusor muscle was regarded as being acetylcholine. The adrenergic innervation was very sparse except around the ureteric orifices. No contractile alpha-adrenoceptors could be detected but beta-receptor-mediated relaxation was found. The type was not beta 1 or beta 2, suggesting a third type of beta-receptor. Peptidergic nerves containing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were demonstrated in a few nerve terminals. No nerves containing enkephalin, somatostatin, or substance P were found. VIP affected the detrusor muscle, indicating a possible role as a modulator of transmitter action. Imipramine, used for enuresis, had no anticholinergic effect on the bladder in the doses used clinically. The anticholinergic and calcium antagonistic drug terodiline inhibited all muscle activity, making it suitable for treatment of diurnal enuresis.
 ...
PMID:Urinary bladder innervation in children. 355 68

We substantiate that five of total seven examined members of a family including the mother showed a reflux disease. Two of them had a monolateral, three a bilateral, two a vesicoureteral and three a vesicorenal reflux. Three of the examined members suffered from enuresis nocturna. All of the reflux-positive members of the family endoscopically showed gaping ostia of the ureter at the reflux-positive side. We found no criteria for an intravesical obstruction. All reflux-positive members showed a low-pressure reflux. Interestingly, only the female members exhibited a reflux. We don't know whether this case of an increased incidence of reflux disease within one family will represent a known hereditary pattern.
 ...
PMID:[The Laferma reflux family, a case of multiple familial reflux]. 728 63

Superficially, the causes of voiding difficulties in children may seem quite simple, but a thorough understanding of the anatomy physiology and neurology of normal and abnormal lower urinary tract function is necessary in uncovering the etiology of often seemingly siple complaints. An ectopic ureter, neurogenic bladder, urinary tract obstruction, or simple urinary tract immaturity, for example, can all cause a child to present with the complaint of "wetting." A familiarity with all the possible causes of voiding dysfunction is required to distinguish significant from insignificant symptoms. While a "wait and see" attitude often results in the spontaneous resolution of a problem such as simple nocturnal enuresis, the misdiagnosis of a severe disorder, such as urinary outflow obstruction, may permit the insidious development of irreversible renal failure. Our purpose in writing this monograph was not to provide a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis of voiding dysfunction in children, but rather to enhance the clinician's appreciation of the complexity of these problems. Our hope is that the perspective that we have provided will obviate the diagnostic and therapeutic exaggeration of insignificant voiding complaints, while assuring that the presence of significant lesions is not overlooked.
 ...
PMID:Voiding dysfunction in children. 741 33


1 2 Next >>