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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Carcinomatous meningitis from urothelial carcinoma of the bladder and ureter is rare. A 77-year-old man with invasive bladder cancer and right ureter cancer had been treated with 3 courses M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, epirubicin, cisplatin) chemotherapy. After chemotherapy we performed radical cystectomy and right nephroureterectomy (ileal-neobladder) (TCC, G3, pT3, N0, M0). Sixteen months after operation, patient complained of anorexia, muscular weakness, stiff neck. CT of chest and abdomen, and bone scintigraphy showed no metastasis. Brain CT and MRI showed hydrocephalus but no evidence of parenchymal metastasis. Because we suspected carcinomatous meningitis, we performed lumbar puncture. Cerebrospinal fluid cytology revealed class V (urothelial carcinoma). Patient died 6 days after diagnosis of carcinomatous meningitis.
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PMID:[Carcinomatous meningitis from urothelial carcinoma of bladder and ureter: case report]. 1562 93

Renal TB is difficult to diagnose, because many patients present themselves with lower urinary symptoms which are typical of bacterial cystitis. We report a case of a young woman with renal TB and ESRD. She was admitted with complaints of adynamia, anorexia, fever, weight loss, dysuria and generalized edema for 10 months. At physical examination she was febrile (39 degrees C), and her abdomen had increased volume and was painful at palpation. Laboratorial tests showed serum urea = 220 mg/dL, creatinine = 6.6 mg/dL, hemoglobin = 7.9 g/dL, hematocrit = 24.3%, leukocytes = 33,600/mm(3) and platelets = 664,000/mm(3). Urinalysis showed an acid urine (pH = 5.0), leukocyturia (2+/4+) and mild proteinuria (1+/4+). She was also oliguric (urinary volume < 400 mL/day). Abdominal echography showed thick and contracted bladder walls and heterogeneous liquid collection in the left pelvic region. Two laparotomies were performed, in which abscess in pelvic region was found. Anti-peritoneal tuberculosis treatment with rifampin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide was started. During the follow-up, the urine culture was found to be positive for M. tuberculosis. Six months later the patient had complaints of abdominal pain and dysuria. New laboratorial tests showed serum urea = 187 mg/dL, creatinine = 8.0 mg/dL, potassium = 6.5 mEq/L. Hemodialysis was then started. The CT scan showed signs of chronic nephropathy, dilated calyces and thinning of renal cortex in both kidneys and severe dilation of ureter. The patient developed neurologic symptoms, suggesting tuberculous meningoencephalitis, and died despite of support measures adopted. The patient had ESRD due to secondary uropathy to prolonged tuberculosis of urinary tract that was caused by delayed clinical and laboratorial diagnosis, and probably also due to inadequate antituberculous drugs administration.
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PMID:End-stage renal disease due to delayed diagnosis of renal tuberculosis: a fatal case report. 1762 50

Retroperitoneal fibrosis is a rare clinical entity characterised by the presence of patologic collagen tissue in a retroperitoneal space. The fibrous mass covers abdominal organs causing their disfunctions. RPF was described at the begining of XX century but its etiology is not clear yet. Usually it causes an ureter obstuction and hydronephrosis, that is why most commonly is diagnosed by urologists and nephrologists. However, retroperitoneal fibrosis can be multifacial disease. In some patients localisation of fibrosis is atypical and manifestationns can be varied. Gastrological symptoms like jaundice, bowel obstuction, ascites can occure. Besides, some early signs of RPF are nonspecific and can imitate alarming symptoms of neoplasma, e.g.: weight loss, anemia, malaise, anorexia, fever. This force us to initiate gastrological investigation. The awareness of this disease is important. The early diagnosis and treatment improves prognosis and alows to avoid heavy complications. In typical cases radiology is often enough for diagnosis. However, histological examination is needed in many cases, especialy when patological mass is located atypical. A treatment is made up of farmacology and surgery. The first one is based on steroids, immunossuppressant and tamoxifen. Surgery is needed to eliminate organs obstruction.
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PMID:[Retroperitoneal fibrosis]. 1767 5

Adenocarcinoma of the pancreas has a low 5-year survival rate of approximately 5%. Early diagnostics of pancreatic carcinoma during early tumor stages is made difficult by the lack of symptoms. In particular, individuals suffering from carcinomas located within the pancreatic tail are at high risk of a missed diagnosis. The early symptoms are usually nonspecific (e.g., nonspecific upper abdominal complaints, decrease in weight, loss of appetite, and impaired performance) and are characteristic only in carcinomas of the pancreatic head with painless icterus. If the patient complains of low back pain, a severe infiltration with no chance of a complete surgical resection is found in most cases. An adenocarcinoma of the pancreatic tail was diagnosed in this case report based on a large retroperitoneal extravasation missing further symptoms. The extravasation found represented a primary infiltration of the left ureter which was not diagnosed in primary computed tomography.
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PMID:[Retroperitoneal extravasation as the primary symptom of a pancreatic carcinoma]. 1778 2

In order to assess clinico-radiological findings of urinary diversion, five adult healthy mongrel dogs of both sexes weighing between 25-40 kg and average age of 1.5 years, underwent continent urinary diversion surgery. In this approach fifteen centimeters of the descending colon with preservation of its mesenteric vessels was resected and this segment longitudinally was opened and flushed with an aqueous solution of povidin iodine 0.1% and the remaining colon re-anastomosed by seromuscular sutures. Then two ends of transected ureters were drawn into the resected colon by mosquito hemostatic forceps and simple interrupted sutures were placed between the ureter and the colonic mucosa for uretero-colonic anastomosis. The uretero-colonic part in a cap form transplanted to partially cystectomized bladder with one layer of cushing pattern suture. All animals survived after the operation. Clinically, all dogs were dull and depressed and passed blood tinged urine for first few postoperative days. There was pollakiuria in all of animals distinctly, but urinary incontinence was not observed. At the first few postoperative days, anorexia, nausea and vomiting were seen in three dogs. In all animals, polydipsia were seen and continued until the end of study. Intravenous urograms showed hydronephrosis and upper urinary tracts dilatation in all animals at 25th day but there were signs of improvement at 45th day distinctly. Unilateral ureteral obstruction was observed in two dogs. In regards to clinico-radiological findings can be concluded that this operation has some distinct sequela that some of them may be seen in radiographic assessments.
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PMID:Clinical and radiological findings following continent urinary diversion with colonic segment in dog. 1909 Jan 4

A 62-year-old woman with a history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus was admitted to our hospital with a 3-week history of mild fever, vomiting, and anorexia. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) showed bilateral hydronephrosis and gas accumulation in the urinary bladder wall and left ureter. Laboratory tests showed leukocytosis and elevated C-reactive protein level. Urine culture showed heavy growth of Escherichia coli. The final diagnosis was emphysematous cystitis. The patient was treated with systemic antibiotics and drainage using a urethral catheter. The clinical and radiographic findings resolved rapidly, and she was discharged from the hospital on day 28. Emphysematous cystitis is a relatively rare urinary tract infection associated with gas formation, and has the potential for a serious outcome if untreated. Early detection by imaging studies such as CT is important in providing prompt treatment and favorable clinical outcome.
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PMID:Emphysematous cystitis in a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2151 71

An adult female bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) presented with acute anorexia secondary to progressive azotemia (blood urea nitrogen = 213 mg/dl, creatinine [Cr] = 9.5 mg/dl) and electrolyte abnormalities (K = 7.4 mEq/L). It was later diagnosed with postrenal obstruction secondary to bilaterally obstructing ureteral calculi seen on ultrasound. Treatment of the obstruction required two endoscopic procedures, cystoscopy for ureteral stent placement and ureteroscopy to perform intracorporeal lithotripsy on the obstructing calculi. Before the first procedure, the dolphin's azotemia was stabilized with aggressive fluid therapy, peritoneal dialysis, and treatment for acidosis. Diuresis subsequent to the fluid therapy enabled passage of the right obstructing urolith. For both endoscopic procedures, the dolphin was placed in left lateral recumbency due to the peritoneal dialysis catheter in the right retroperitoneal region. For the first procedure, a 12-French (Fr) flexible cystoscope was inserted retrograde into the bladder via the urethra, whereupon a calculus was seen obstructing the left ureteral orifice. A 4.8-Fr, 26-cm double-pigtail ureteral stent was placed up the left ureter to relieve the postrenal obstruction. Inadvertent proximal migration of the left ureteral stent occurred during the procedure. However, renal parameters (serum Cr = 5.8, K = 5.4) improved significantly by the next day. For the second procedure, 28 hr later, ureteroscopy was performed to treat the calculus and replace the existing stent with a longer stent. The left ureteral calculus was pulverized into tiny fragments by using a holmium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet laser inserted through a 6.9-Fr semirigid ureteroscope. The migrated stent was visualized in the distal left ureter and replaced with a 90-cm single-pigtail ureteral stent that was sutured exterior to the urogenital slit and removed 3 days later. Renal function normalized over the next several days, and the dolphin recovered over the next 2 mo.
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PMID:Treatment of ureteral calculus obstruction with laser lithotripsy in an Atlantic bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus). 2244 16

This report describes the case of a patient with peritoneal carcinomatosis due to recurrent adenocarcinoma of the ureter who was chemo-sensitive to weekly paclitaxel. A 73-year-old man was admitted to our hospital for pain in the right back in September 2009. Drip infusion pyelography(DIP)showed right hydronephrosis. Cytologic examination of the urine revealed many carcinoma cells in the urothelial tract. The patient underwent right nephroureterectomy, and examination of the resected specimen revealed a primary enteric-type adenocarcinoma of the ureter. Six months after surgery, he visited our hospital because of abdominal pain and distension. Abdominal computed tomography(CT)showed massive ascites. Cytologic examination of the ascitic fluid revealed many adenocarcinoma cells resembling those of the primary lesion. The patient received chemotherapy with S-1 as first-line treatment; however, he experienced severe anorexia and diarrhea. Subsequently, the patient received chemotherapy with uracil/tegafur(UFT)but abdominal distension worsened. Next, he received chemotherapy with weekly paclitaxel(80mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15, every 4 weeks). Thereafter, the ascitic fluid disappeared rapidly. After 6 courses of treatment with paclitaxel, abdominal CT revealed no ascitic fluid collection. The treatment was discontinued because of sensory neuropathy. Approximately 10 months later, the patient experienced massive ascites again. At 25 months after recurrence, he died of peritoneal carcinomatosis.
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PMID:[A case of peritoneal carcinomatosis due to recurrence of primary adenocarcinoma of the ureter treated with weekly paclitaxel]. 2442 66

Desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT) is a rare and highly aggressive neoplasm that was initially described in 1989. DSRCT predominantly affects young men and typically occurs in the intra-abdominal area. The present study describes the cases of two patients with DSRCT. The first patient was a 23-year-old male who presented with abdominal pain in the right flank, coupled with difficulty urinating and bowel dysfunction. The second patient was 12-year-old female who presented with abdominal pain, emesis and loss of appetite. A computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed the presence of an extensive pelvic mass in each patient, however, a visceral origin was not clearly identifiable in the first patient. In the second patient, a large soft-tissue tumor was located posterior to the pancreatic tail and the stomach, with no anatomical line visible between the stomach and splenic vein. Ultrasound-guided biopsy in the first patient and videolaparoscopy in the second patient followed by immunohistochemical analysis clarified the presence of a malignant neoplasm composed of small, blue, round cells. Due to right ureter involvement and hydronephrosis in the first patient, a treatment strategy of surgical debulking of the tumor was selected. The surgical procedure involved en bloc resection of the lesion associated with a pelvic peritonectomy, followed by post-operative radiotherapy. However, the second patient exhibited extensive disease, therefore, a chemotherapeutic protocol of vincristine, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide, as well as radiation therapy, was scheduled. Disease relapse was observed in the abdominal cavity of the first patient after one year, while the second patient remains asymptomatic. Following analysis of present two cases, it was concluded that aggressive treatment regimens may induce tumor regression. However, relapse of the disease is frequent and long-term survival is rare with the currently available therapeutic strategies.
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PMID:Requirement for novel surgical and clinical protocols for the treatment of desmoplastic small round cell tumor: A report of two cases and a review of the literature. 2662 33

A 7-yr-old male Major Mitchell's cockatoo (Lophochroa leadbeateri) presented with a recent history of lethargy and anorexia. Physical examination revealed poor body condition and cloacal prolapse. Abnormalities on serum chemistry included severe hyperuricemia and hyperphosphatemia with a low calcium-to-phosphorus ratio. Symptomatic treatment was initiated including intravenous fluids and antibiotics. The bird continued to decline and died within a few days. Visceral gout and renal and cloacal pathology were observed on gross necropsy. Histopathology revealed chronic inflammation within the kidney, ureter, and cloaca in association with protozoal organisms and an invasive cloacal adenocarcinoma tumor. The location and morphology was consistent with Cryptosporidium sp., confirmed by immunohistochemistry and molecular testing. Direct sequencing identified Cryptosporidium avian genotype V. To the author's knowledge, this is the first reported infection of Cryptosporidium avian genotype V associated with clinical disease in birds and the first renal Cryptosporidium infection in a psittacine.
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PMID:RENAL AND CLOACAL CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS (CRYPTOSPORIDIUM AVIAN GENOTYPE V) IN A MAJOR MITCHELL'S COCKATOO (LOPHOCHROA LEADBEATERI). 2666 55


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