Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the pathway of prostaglandin inactivation, 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-OHPGDH) has been proven to be the catalyst of the primary catabolic step in the oxidation of the 15-hydroxyl group into a 15-keto moiety in most derivatives of prostaglandins. In this study, we analysed 15-OHPGDH activity in the lower genitourinary tract. The specimens were obtained with permission from patients who underwent surgery. These specimens were then sent for quantitative determination using a tritium release assay specific for 15-OHPGDH. The highest enzyme activity was found in the ureter with a mean +/- SE (pmol/min/mg) of 94.99 +/- 51.00; the lowest activity was in the vas deferens, with a value of 0.18 +/- 0.21. This preliminary study indicated that the activity of 15-OHPGDH in the lower genitourinary tract was significant and that prostaglandin levels in the genitourinary tract may be regulated by this enzyme.
 ...
PMID:15-Hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase activity in the lower genitourinary tract. A preliminary report. 177 86

In the present study, metabolism of prostaglandins (PGs) by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-OH PGDH) was investigated in dog kidneys with ureteral obstruction. After 24 hr of ureteral obstruction, the obstructed kidney and the contralateral kidney were removed and the cytosolic fractions (105,000 X g), enriched in 15-OH PGDH, were prepared from the cortex and medulla. 15-OH PGDH activity was estimated by radiometric assays of the metabolism of [3H]PGE2 and [3H]prostacyclin. Cortical 15-OH PGDH activity decreased by greater than 50% in the ureter-obstructed kidney as compared to the contralateral kidney. Similar results were obtained by estimating the stereo-specific release of tritium from position 15 using 15-[3H]PGF2 alpha as substrate. In contrast to the cortex, there were no differences in 15-OH PGDH activity found in the medulla of the obstructed and contralateral kidneys. Because the cortex contains higher levels of 15-OH PGDH activity, the deficiency in that site may contribute to the elevated levels of PGs in renal venous blood during ureteral obstruction.
 ...
PMID:Deficiency in 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase activity after unilateral ureteral obstruction of the dog kidney. 388 82

Prostanoids produce significant effects in the ureter, particularly in response to obstruction. Ureteral obstruction is associated with increased prostanoid synthesis via cyclooxygenase induction; however, prostaglandin degradation mediated by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH) has not been evaluated in the ureter. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PGDH steady-state mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity are altered in the human ureter during obstruction. Human ureteral segments from patients undergoing donor nephrectomy (normal segments) or ureteral stricture repair (obstructed segments) were obtained with proper informed consent. We evaluated PGDH steady-state mRNA relative to ribosomal protein S26 reference gene by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Vistra Green fluoroimaging. We determined PGDH protein content relative to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase by immunoblotting and PGDH localization by immunohistochemistry. PGDH enzymatic activity was determined by measurement of conversion of 15-hydroxy- to 15-keto-prostaglandin using thin layer chromatography separation. We found that PGDH mRNA and protein were decreased 4- to 6-fold, and enzyme activity was decreased >3-fold in obstructed human ureter relative to normal controls. PGDH was localized to the urothelial cells, with little or no expression in smooth muscle. Our results indicate that PGDH mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity are suppressed in the human ureter during obstruction. Increased concentrations of prostanoids subsequent to ureteral obstruction seem to be due to decreased degradation as well as increased synthesis. Modulation of prostanoid degradation may have therapeutic relevance in obstructive disorders of the ureter.
 ...
PMID:Suppression of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase messenger RNA concentration, protein expression, and enzymatic activity during human ureteral obstruction. 1471 96