Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The mouse is an optimal animal model for kidney transplantation. Recent reports suggest that application of poloxamer 407, a thermosensitive in situ gel, during the sutureless technique significantly increases animal survival, compared to traditional methods. However, further improvement of this technology is greatly needed but remains unexplored. Here, we detected significant inflammation at the region of ureter anastomosis, after kidney transplantation using poloxamer 407. Since chemokines play a pivotal role during inflammation, we implanted an Alzet osmotic pump that gradually releases AMD3100 (a specific inhibitor of the binding of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) to its receptor, CXCR4) at the site of ureter anastomosis in mice that had undergone kidney transplantation. We found that AMD3100 significantly reduced local inflammation, significantly improved animal survival after kidney transplantation, and significantly improved kidney function. Together, these data suggest that inhibition of chemokine signaling at the site of ureter anastomosis may substantially improve animal survival after kidney transplantation through suppression of suturing-related inflammation.
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PMID:Combined thermosensitive in situ gel with AMD3100 in sutureless technique improves the survival and function of kidney transplants in mice. 2807 36

The organized array of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) and fibroblasts in the walls of visceral tubular organs arises by patterning and differentiation of mesenchymal progenitors surrounding the epithelial lumen. Here, we show that the TBX2 and TBX3 transcription factors have novel and required roles in regulating these processes in the murine ureter. Co-expression of TBX2 and TBX3 in the inner mesenchymal region of the developing ureter requires canonical WNT signaling. Loss of TBX2/TBX3 in this region disrupts activity of two crucial drivers of the SMC program, Foxf1 and BMP4 signaling, resulting in decreased SMC differentiation and increased extracellular matrix. Transcriptional profiling and chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments revealed that TBX2/TBX3 directly repress expression of the WNT antagonists Dkk2 and Shisa2, the BMP antagonist Bmper and the chemokine Cxcl12 These findings suggest that TBX2/TBX3 are effectors of canonical WNT signaling in the ureteric mesenchyme that promote SMC differentiation by maintaining BMP4 and WNT signaling in the inner region, while restricting CXCL12 signaling to the outer layer of fibroblast-fated mesenchyme.
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PMID:TBX2 and TBX3 act downstream of canonical WNT signaling in patterning and differentiation of the mouse ureteric mesenchyme. 3047 25