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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A retrospective analysis of 74 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter treated at this institution over the past 30 years is presented. When nephrectomy alone or incomplete nephroureterectomy was performed, subsequent transitional cell carcinoma developed in 30% of the ureteral stumps. Subsequent bladder carcinoma occurred in 25% of the patients with primary upper urinary tract carcinoma. The type of initial surgery performed did not appear to influence this incidence of subsequent bladder tumors. Contralateral upper urinary tract carcinoma developed in only one patient. When nephroureterectomy is performed for carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter, a cuff of bladder that includes the ureteral orifice should be removed to obviate recurrent disease in the ureteral stump. Since single-incision nephroureterectomy did not include the intramural ureter in 50% of the cases in which it was performed, a second incision may be required for adequate exposure.
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PMID:Recurrent urothelial tumors following surgery for transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract. 99 Nov 30

Analgesic intake was investigated for 96 patients with cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter (including papillomas) and 294 hospital controls. In comparison with persons who never used analgesics, increased relative risks (RR) were seen for users of phenacetin-containing drugs after adjustment for smoking and high-risk occupational exposure (men: RR = 2.4; women: RR = 4.2). A significant relative risk for aspirin use among women was also observed. There was an indication of a dose-effect relationship for both types of analgesics. The influence of phenacetin and aspirin on the development of renal pelvis and ureter tumours could not be separated since in this study the two compounds occurred so frequently in the same formulation. Experimental studies and phenacetin metabolism makes it biologically most relevant to attribute the observed association in the present study to the phenacetin component of the drugs.
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PMID:The Copenhagen case-control study of renal pelvis and ureter cancer: role of analgesics. 260 81

A 67-year-old man was found to have a metastatic tumor of left adrenal gland originating from the left renal pelvic and ureteral cancer. Histopathological findings of the renal pelvic and ureteral cancer indicated transitional cell carcinoma, which was the diagnosis for the adrenal tumor. Diagnosis of cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter with metastasis to the adrenal gland before operation is very rare. A review of the literature on the metastasis from cancer of renal pelvis and ureter was made.
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PMID:[Metastasis of cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter to the adrenal gland]. 268 63

Results from a population-based case-control study of cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter are reported. Telephone interviews were conducted with 187 residents of Los Angeles County diagnosed with cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter over a 4-year period ending December 31, 1982, and with individually sex-, age- and race-matched neighborhood controls. The major risk factor identified for cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter was cigarette smoking. Subjects who smoked more than 25 years had a relative risk of 4.5 of developing these tumors, compared to nonsmokers (P less than 0.0001). Heavy use of over-the-counter analgesics was also associated with a significant increase in risk; it appears that an elevated risk was conveyed by all the major active constituents of those compounds currently marketed in the United States, aspirin, caffeine, and acetaminophen. Persons who had used these drugs for 30 consecutive days at any time in their life preceding diagnosis had twice the risk of developing cancer of the renal pelvis or ureter compared to persons not reporting such use (P less than 0.01). Heavy coffee drinkers (greater than or equal to 7 cups/day) had a 1.8-fold increase in risk compared to nondrinkers. Although risk tended to increase with increasing consumption, this result was not statistically significant. The risk associated with heavy coffee consumption was reduced to 1.3 after adjusting for smoking. Nine cases compared to no controls reported a first degree relative with kidney cancer. A history of kidney stones was associated with an increased risk of cancer of the ureter (relative risk = 2.5) that was not, however, statistically significant.
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PMID:Analgesics, cigarette smoking, and other risk factors for cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter. 291 49

Smoking habits and occupational exposures were investigated for 96 patients with cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter (including papilloma) and 294 hospital controls. In comparison with persons who never smoked, significantly increased relative risks were seen for smokers of cigarettes alone (RR = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.0-6.7) and in combination with other types of tobacco (RR = 3.8; 95% CI: 1.3-11.5). Non-significantly increased relative risks were observed for pipe smokers (RR = 2.2; 95% CI: 0.1-97) and for mixed pipe, cigar, and cigarillo smokers (RR = 6.5; 95% CI: 0.4-21.2). A strong dose-effect (p less than 0.001) relationship was seen between the lifetime total amount of tobacco smoked and the risk of pelvis-ureter tumors, with the heaviest smokers having an 8-fold risk. Comparison with the dose-effect relationship for a parallel study of bladder cancer indicated that the relationship with tobacco was stronger for pelvis-ureter tumors. Deep inhalation of cigarette smoke increased the risk (RR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.9-6.1), while stopping smoking (RR = 0.6; 95% CI: 0.3-1.1) and use of filter cigarettes (RR = 0.5; 95% CI: 0.3-0.9) decreased the risk. Significantly increased risks emerged for employment in the chemical, petrochemical and plastics industries (RR = 4.0; 95% CI: 1.6-9.8), and for exposure to coal and coke (RR = 4.0; 95% CI: 1.2-13.6), asphalt and tar (RR = 5.5; 95% CI: 1.6-19.6). Cigarette smoking accounted for 56% of male and 40% of female pelvis and ureter tumors in eastern Denmark.
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PMID:The Copenhagen case-control study of renal pelvis and ureter cancer: role of smoking and occupational exposures. 335 89

Twenty-four observations of primary malignant tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter derived from epithelial cells were included in this study. Thirteen patients were treated by radiotherapy and surgery. In eleven patients, surgical excision was the only treatment. Although patients were not randomized there was no significant difference between the two groups concerning the following parameters: age distribution, sex ratio, stage of disease, histological grade, surgical procedure. The morbidity related to external radiotherapy (megavoltage technique, delivering 45 grays in 5 weeks) was low: only one patient developed retroperitoneal fibrosis. No patient was lost to follow-up. Local recurrence occurred in 54.5% of the patients treated by surgery alone, against 15.5% after combined radio-surgical therapy. The overall three-year survival rate was 35% without any significant difference between the two groups. The authors advocate postoperative high-voltage radiotherapy for non-disseminated carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter.
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PMID:[Primary tumors of the renal pelvis and ureter: value of postoperative external radiotherapy (author's transl)]. 627 11

To evaluate prognostic value of morphometric studies of the stroma of transitional cell carcinomas of the renal pelvis and ureter, we studied retrospectively the data of primary examination and follow-up of 75 patients (49 males, 65% and 26 females, 35%; mean age 61.9 +/- 1.2 years) given radical surgical treatment for cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter. Five-year survival in the absence of tumor progression was 23%. Morphological examination diagnosed transitional cell carcinoma with invasion pT1, pT2, pT3 and pT4 in 3(4%), 15(20%), 47(63%) and 10(13%) cases and differentiation degree G1, G2, G3 in 31(41%), 15(20%) and 29(39%) cases, respectively. In addition to the standard morphological examination of the tumor, we made morphometry of stromal and tumor area, analysed composition and count of stromal effector cells (lymphocytes, eosinophilic and neutrophilic leukocytes, macrophages, mast and plasmic cells), the degree of stromal vascularization. Prognostic value of the above parameters was estimated according to significance of their correlation with postoperative survival of the patients. The survival correlated with the depth of cancer invasion (p = 0.005) and differentiation of tumor tissue (p = 0.006), high cell infiltration of tumor stroma is prognostically unfavourable (R2 = 0.03; F = 3.41; p = 0.069) as well as weak presentation of stromal component of the tumor (p = 0.056). The lowest survival was observed in patients with cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter with a great number of mast cells (p = 0.056), macrophages (p = 0.037) and neutrophils (p = 0.029) in the tumor stroma. According to the results of multiple regression analysis (R2 = 0.08; F = 5.42; p = 0.024), five-year postoperative survival most closely correlated with cancer invasion depth (p < 0.001), degree of tumor cells differentiation (p < 0.001) and number of macrophages infiltrating tumor stroma (p < 0.001). Significance of survival prognosis for patients with cancer of renal pelvis and ureter can be raised by estimation of mean number of free stromal cells and expression of stromal component.
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PMID:[Prognostic implication of morphometric stromal parameters of renal pelvis and ureteral transitional cell carcinomas]. 1519 6

Understanding of the role of radiation as a cause of kidney cancer remains limited. The most common types of kidney cancer are renal cell carcinoma and renal pelvis carcinoma. It has been posited that these entities differ in their degree of radiogenicity. Recent analyses of cancer incidence and mortality in the Life Span Study (LSS) of Japanese atomic bomb survivors have examined associations between ionizing radiation and renal cell carcinoma, but these analyses have not reported results for cancer of the renal pelvis and ureters. This paper reports the results of analyses of kidney cancer incidence during the period 1958-1998 among 105,427 atomic bomb survivors. Poisson regression methods were used to derive estimates of associations between radiation dose (in sievert, Sv) and cancer of the renal parenchyma (n = 167), and cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter (n = 80). Heterogeneity by cancer site was tested by joint modeling of cancer risks. Radiation dose was positively associated with cancers of the renal pelvis and ureter [excess relative rate (ERR)/Sv = 1.65; 90% confidence interval (CI): 0.37, 3.78]. The magnitude of this association was larger than the estimated association between radiation dose and cancer of the renal parenchyma (ERR/Sv = 0.27; 90% CI = -0.19, 0.98). While the association between radiation and cancer of the renal parenchyma was of greater magnitude at ages <55 years (ERR/Sv = 2.82; 90% CI = 0.45, 8.89) than at older attained ages (ERR/Sv = -0.11; 90% CI = nd, 0.53), the association between radiation and cancers of the renal pelvis and ureter varied minimally across these categories of attained age. A test of heterogeneity of type-specific risks provides modest support for the conclusion that risks vary by kidney cancer site (LRT = 2.34, 1 d.f., P = 0.13). Since some studies of radiation-exposed populations examine these sites in aggregate, results were also derived for the combined category of cancer of the renal parenchyma, renal pelvis and ureters. Overall, there was a positive association between radiation and the combined category of cancer of the renal parenchyma, renal pelvis and ureters (ERR/Sv = 0.60, 90% CI: 0.09, 1.30). Updated follow-up of the LSS cohort provides substantial additional information on the association between radiation and cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter, a site not examined in recent reports on analyses of these data. The results are suggestive of differences between the different regions of the kidney in sensitivity to the carcinogenic effects of ionizing radiation.
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PMID:Ionizing radiation and kidney cancer among Japanese atomic bomb survivors. 2051 63