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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors report 5 cases of ureteric fistula after radical pelvic cancer surgery. Three patients had a recurrent tumour and 3 had received radiotherapy. Endourological methods achieved 4 immediately satisfactory results, but only one complete long-term success. Isolated percutaneous drainage of the pyelocaliceal cavities effectively dried up the urine leak, but carried a high risk of secondary stenosis of the excretory tract in the absence of concomitant intubation of the fistula zone. However, endourological treatment, combined with urinary diversion and catheterisation of the pathological ureter, represented a reliable alternative to conventional surgery.
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PMID:[Endo-urologic treatment of ureteral fistulas occurring after pelvic surgery for carcinoma: report of 5 cases]. 130 83

Arterioureteral fistulas are rare. Three patients with arterioureteral fistulas complicating extended resection of pelvic tumors associated with bilateral cutaneous ureterostomy in the right lower quadrant are reported. In one case, the fistula involved the left ureter, the right common iliac artery, and the inferior mesenteric artery. Pathological iliac artery, pelvic cancer, or operated ureteral stones are often incriminated in the genesis of ureteroarterial fistulas. Insertion of a ureteral catheter has been found to be the main promoting factor. The common iliac artery is involved frequently. Clinical presentation is often limited to gross hematuria, whereas complementary investigations have not proved to be sensitive. Surgical treatment is often complex, but must be undertaken early, even in the absence of absolute proof of diagnosis, in order to preclude uncontrollable massive hemorrhage.
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PMID:Arterioureteral fistula after extended resection of pelvic tumors: report of three cases and review of the literature. 139 25

The multiplicity of transitional cell carcinomas in the renal pelvis, ureter and bladder was analyzed in terms of (1) tumor configuration, i.e., papillary, nodular cancers, (2) associated mucosal changes such as carcinoma in situ (CIS) and dysplasia and (3) the possible involvement of human papillomavirus (HPV) in the development of multiple papillary cancers in the bladder. The incidences of concurrent or subsequent bladder cancer in renal pelvic cancer and/or ureteral cancer cases were 7/31 (22%) for renal pelvic cancer, 17/28 (60%) for ureteral cancer and 10/15 (67%) for renal pelvic and ureteral cancer. In 33 cases of renal pelvic and/or ureteral cancer occurring since 1978, 67% of the papillary and 13% of the nodular cancers in the upper tract exhibited a simultaneous or later development of bladder cancer. In 211 cases of bladder cancer for which cystectomy was performed, 77% of the papillary cancers arose in multiple form, 57% being associated with CIS and/or dysplasia, whereas 72% of the nodular cancers developed singly, 55% being associated with CIS and/or dysplasia. No positive signals hybridizing to HPV types 1, 5, 6, 11, 16, 17, 18, 20, 33 and 38 were detected in any of 19 papillary bladder cancers and 13 specimens of normal bladder mucosa under conditions of low stringency, suggesting that HPV may not be a factor in multiple bladder tumor development. Definite findings from the present study are: (1) there is multiple development of papillary cancers but they remain superficial, whereas nodular cancers develop singly and are invasive, (2)) there was no steady tendency towards a relation between multiplicity and associated mucosal changes, (3) HPV was not, to our knowledge, involved in the multiple development of papillary cancers in the bladder.
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PMID:Development of multiple transitional cell carcinomas in the urinary tract. 206 24

The effect of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was studied in 22 cases of advanced urinary epithelial cancer. Vincristine, mitomycin C and bleomycin (VMB) was administered in combination to 9 prophase cases from December, 1980 to March, 1982 and cis-dichlorodiamine platinum, peplomycin and mitomycin C (PPM) in combination to 13 anaphase cases from April, 1982 to November, 1984. The site was renal pelvic cancer in 3 cases, cancer of the ureter in 3 cases, cancer of the bladder in 13 cases, cancer of the pelvis, ureter, and bladder in 1 case, and recurrence of pelvic cancer following bladder cancer in 2 cases. The degree of invasion was pTa in 2 cases, pT1 in 1 case, pT2 in 1 case, pT3 in 11 cases and pT4 in 5 cases. Lymph node metastasis had occurred in 9 cases, no metastasis in 8 cases and it was unclear in the remaining 6 cases. The mean observation period was 16.5 months; 10 patients were alive without any tumors, one patient was alive with a tumor, 11 patients died of cancer, and one patient died intercurrently. The mean postoperative survival period in the mortality cases was 14.5 months. According to the classified type of chemotherapy received, there were 3 out of 9 cases (33.3%) who survived without tumors after receiving VMP and 7 out of 13 cases (53.8%) in the PPM group who survived without tumors. Although a simple comparison cannot be made, it appears that PPM therapy is superior. No severe side-effects were observed.
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PMID:[A study of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy of advanced urinary epithelial cancer]. 245 16

Study on detection of malignant cells in urinary sediments using supravital staining was described. We examined 96,554 specimens of urinary sediments for 2 years from January 1985 to December 1986. The results of microscopic urinalysis were compared with the cytological and histological diagnoses. Atypical cells were found in 138 patients, and 47 (34.1%) cancers were diagnosed histologically among them. These included 33 bladder cancer, 1 ureter cancer, 1 renal pelvic cancer, 2 prostate cancers, 1 rectal cancer, and 9 uterine cancers. Seven patients of them had not been under suspicion of malignancy yet before atypical cells were detected. Therefore microscopic urinalysis caused the triggers of cancer diagnoses. For bladder cancers, the positive rates in microscopic urinalysis were 43.4%, and those in urinary cytology were 52.4%. The positivity revealed higher in high-grade cancers than in low-grade. As compared with the results between microscopic urinalysis and urinary cytology in identical patients, the rate of correspondence between them was 89.5%. In 61.2% of positive and suspicious urinary cytology, atypical cells were not found. Atypical cells were seen in negative urinary cytology of 26 cases, and 5 cases of cancers were diagnosed histologically. These suggested that microscopic urinalysis as a screening for malignant cells was useful to detect urinary tract malignancy combining with urinary cytology.
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PMID:[Clinicopathological study on microscopic urinalysis as screening for malignant cells]. 260 Oct 75

In the last ten years 19 patients with urothelial cancer of the upper urinary tract underwent excision of the tumor with preservation of the ipsilateral kidney. Renal function was preserved well in all cases in 31 months of the mean follow up term. In the presence of a normal contralateral kidney, local tumor excision was done electively in 12 patients (5 lower portion of ureter, 5 low grade lesions, 2 high age), local recurrence developed 6-63 months after operation in 2 patients, and they underwent nephroureterectomy. 11 cases are alive with no evidence of disease and one is alive with contralateral renal pelvic cancer. Absolute indications for conservative surgery were solitary kidneys/non functioning contralateral kidney in 3 patients and bilateral tumor in 4 patients. Most tumors were high grade or high stage (6: grade 2,4: PT2). No one had local recurrence, but one had a metastasis to a lung, 4 were suffering from bladder cancer post-operatively. Three patients died from cancer 20-30 months after operation. Local excision of urothelial cancer should be considered not only for cases of contralateral damaged kidneys but also for low grade, low stage localized tumors. Precise preoperative evaluation of tumors using a ureteroenoscope should be made for the indication of the renal preservative operation.
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PMID:[Conservative surgery of upper urinary tract urothelial carcinomas]. 262 28

Three patients with lower urinary tract fistulas after multiple operations and radiation therapy for pelvic cancer were treated with percutaneous ureteral fulguration and nephrostomy tube drainage. This technique occluded the ureter and allowed for maintenance of a dry fistula site in all 3 patients. There were no complications. The longest followup in these patients was 21 months. The procedure is simple technically and it can be performed with the patient under local anesthesia. The technique of percutaneous ureteral fulguration is described and other techniques for nonoperative occlusion of the ureter are discussed.
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PMID:Percutaneous ureteral fulguration: a nonsurgical technique for ureteral occlusion. 365 19

A total of 245 patients with renal pelvic and ureteral cancer (transitional cell carcinoma) were retrospectively analysed for tumor location and prognosis. In 133 renal pelvic cancer patients, 34 patients (25.6%) had tumor in lower calyx, 33 patients (24.8%) in renal pelvis, 31 patient (23.3%) in upper calyx, 21 patients (15.8%) in whole renal pelvis and 7 patients (5.2%) in middle calyx, respectively. In 128 ureteral cancer patients, 60 patients (46.9%) had tumor in lower ureter, 27 patients (21.1%) in distal end of ureter, 26 patients (20.3%) in middle ureter, 12 patients (9.4%) in upper ureter and 3 patients (2.3%) in whole ureter. In combination of tumor location, 101 patients (41.2%) had tumor in only renal pelvis, 94 patients (38.4%) had in only ureter, 14 patients (5.7%) had in renal pelvis and ureter, 19 patients (7.8%) had in renal pelvis and bladder, 12 patients (4.9%) had in ureter and bladder, and 5 patients (2%) had in renal pelvis, ureter and bladder. Five year survival rate of renal pelvic cancer according to tumor location were 55.9% in upper calyx tumor, 60.8% in middle calyx tumor, 63.8% in lower calyx tumor, 60.2% in renal pelvic tumor and 63.8% in PUJ tumor, respectively. There were no significant difference between those 5 groups. Five years survival rate of ureteral cancer according to tumor location, 90% in upper ureteral tumor, 60.8% in middle ureteral tumor, 66.5% in lower ureteral tumor and 52.6% in tumor of distal end of ureter, respectively. Also in those 4 groups, there were no significant difference.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A study of tumor location and prognosis in renal pelvic and ureteral cancer]. 789 28

To evaluate the relationship of selected medical conditions and medications with cancers of the renal pelvis and ureter, we interviewed 308 subjects with renal pelvis cancer, 194 subjects with ureter cancer and 496 control subjects in 3 areas of the United States. After controlling for the effects of smoking, age, gender and geographic residence, a history of hypertension (reported to have been diagnosed more than 5 years before interview) was associated with a small but significantly increased risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-1.8), whereas no relationship was observed with a variety of other medical conditions or medications. Stratified analysis showed that the risk associated with hypertension was twice as high among users of diuretics or other antihypertensive drugs (OR = 2.4; 95% CI, 1.1-4.9) as it was among those who never used these medications (OR = 1.2; 95% CI, 0.8-1.7). Our findings suggest that the association previously reported between hypertension and renal cell cancer may extend to cancers of the renal pelvis and ureter.
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PMID:Possible relation between hypertension and cancers of the renal pelvis and ureter. 903 25

Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes telomeric DNA onto chromosomal ends by using an RNA component as a template. Telomerase extends the telomeric repeats, which prevents telomere shortening during cell division, contributes to chromosomal stability, and, possibly, leads to immortalization of the cells. The telomerase activity in 22 urothelial tumors, including 13 bladder cancers, 8 ureter cancers, and 1 renal pelvic cancer, as well as in 12 adjacent normal tissues, was examined with the use of a nonradioisotope polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay. Different levels of telomerase activity were detected in the urothelial tumors. No significant activity was observed in normal adjacent tissues; however, two cases exhibited weak activity. Nine tumors retained positive telomerase signals after 100-fold dilution of extracts, which suggests that these tumors express high levels of telomerase activity. These findings indicate that telomerase activation may be a critical step in the pathogenesis of urothelial tumors. Unexpectedly, no significant correlation was observed between high levels of telomerase expression and the clinicopathologic features of the tumors, including clinical stage, pathologic grade, tumor multiplicity, and status of recurrence.
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PMID:Telomerase activity in human urothelial tumors. 912 60


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