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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study is to present our experience with ureteral lithotripsy in ureteroscopy in children. Between 1996-2004, 105 patients aged 1,5-13 years with urolithiasis were treated in our department. Eight (8) of them with ureterolithiasis (5 in the lower ureter and 3 in the middle ureter) were treated with ureteroscopy (URS). The procedure was possible in all patients. The ureteroscopical approach of the stone and subsequent lithotripsy took place without major complications. There was a small difficulty to enter the ureteral orifice but it was overcome using dilations. On the other hand, there was no problem with the ureteral width. No stent was placed and all patients were stone free after 3 months. Ureteroscopy (URS) constitutes the golden standard for the treatment of ureteral lithiasis in children as well as in adults, as long as the narrow ureteral orifice is dilated with a guide wire. Pediatric ureter has good compliance and does not cause any problems to the whole procedure. The percentage of lithiasic children treated with open surgical procedures is less than 10% with a prospect for further reduction.
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PMID:Ureteroscopical treatment of ureterolithiasis in childhood. Our experience. 1675 83

Bone formation outside the skeleton is well known. Yet, ossification within the urogenital tract is rare. The case of a patient with distal ureteral obstruction, hydronephrosis, and subsequent circular osseous metaplasia of the ureter is presented. Open transperitoneal right-sided nephrectomy with partial resection of the ureter was performed. Intraoperatively and in histopathologic examination circular bone formation adjacent to the ureteral wall was detected. There was no evidence of malignancy. Early animal experiments in the twentieth century showed that bone metaplasia may be induced by epithelium of the urinary tract under certain conditions such as ischemia, inflammation, necrosis, sclerosis, and trauma. Osseous metaplasia may therefore be considered a differential diagnosis of calcification of the upper urinary tract in the absence of urolithiasis.
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PMID:[Bone formation in the ureter. Osseous metaplasia of an obstructed ureter]. 1689 62

The aim of the study was to establish the usefulness of ultrasound examination for imaging of stones dislocation in urinary tract after lithotripsy treatment. The study group included 335 children with urolithiasis treated in our Clinic since 1994 until 2005y. In the group were 295 (88%) children with nephrolithiasis and 40 (12%) children with ureterolithiasis. In the whole group 335 children there were performed 619 lithotripsy procedures--545 kidney and 74 ureter units. The ultrasound examinations were performed in each patient before, on the first and second day of the treatment and two months after using the Hitachi EUB 315 with 5Mhz transducer. In the ultrasound examinations after lithotripsy treatment: in 596/619 (96,3%) cases imaging of stones dislocation in urinary tract and urinary retention was possible.
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PMID:[Ultrasound imaging of stones dislocation in urinary tract after lithotripsy treatment in children with urolithiasis]. 1689 10

Megacalycosis is an uncommon, congenital renal abnormality, characterized by nonobstructive dilatation of the renal calyces with normal renal pelvis, ureter and bladder. This condition is due to underdevelopement or hypoplasia of Malpighie's pyramids. It usually occurs unilateraly as the isolated anomaly with strong male predominance. Megacalycosis itself does not impair the renal function but it can be the cause of urinary tract infections and calculus formation. This congenital defect is incidentally found by urography during the examination for urolithiasis or urinary tract infections or calculus formation. The images on radograms can be confused with obstructive or refluxing hydronephrosis or postinflamtory changes typical for pyelonephritis chronica. In case of megacalycosis surgical treatment is unnecessary. Patients with this condition should be followed-up with ultrasound and prevention of urinary tract infections or urolithiasis. Here we would like to report on the case of megacalycosis in a ten-year-old girl reffered to our deprtament due to UTI. Diagnosis of megacalycosis was established by typical urography findings: dilatation of renal calyces, no distention or obstruction of renal pelvic and ureter. The renal function was normal. No evidence of abnormality in cystoureterogram and uroflowmetry test was detected.
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PMID:[Megacalycosis as a diagnostic problem in children]. 1689 12

The aim of the study was analysis of retroparietoscopic operations made in patients with renal cysts, anomalies of the kidneys, uretero-pelvic strictures, concrements of the upper third of the ureter to optimize treatment policy. A total of 29 patients were treated in the urological department (17 males, 12 females, age 23-70 years, mean age--49.7 years). Of them, 18--for renal cysts, 4--for ureteropelvic stricture (postoperative structure--1, ureterovasal conflict--2, high position of the ureter--1), postoperative stricture of the lower third of the left ureter--1, urolithiasis--5 (located in the upper third of the ureter--4, located in the pelvis and lower calyces of the dystopic left kidney--1), hydroureteronephrosis of the upper half of the double right kidney--1. Ultrasound scanning was followed by multispiral computed tomography. Retroparietoscopic method is characterized by limited positions of the instrumental trochar, absence of definite anatomic marks and difficulties in maintenance of necessary pressure in the cavity. Valid position of the trochars in the retroperitoneoscopic operation is a necessary condition of successful operation. In retroparietoscopic interventions the operative approach includes creation of the primary cavity, placement of trochars and creation of working cavity. Duration of retroperitoneoscopic operations ranged from 1 hour to 4 hours 30 min. Only short-term fever was a complication. Postoperative hospital stay was 1 to 7 days. Thus, retroperitoneoscopic operations are a good alternative to conventional surgery.
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PMID:[Characteristics and results of retroperitoneoscopic operations in urology]. 1705 76

Urolithiasis is a common urologic disease. Stones may occur in the kidney, ureter, or urinary bladder. We collected 1,000 stone samples in the subtropical area of southern Taiwan. Stone components were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Mixed components of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate were the most common form of stones (52.3%), followed by calcium oxalate (27.8%) and calcium phosphate (9.3%). Uric acid stones accounted for 7.6%. Magnesium ammonium phosphate stones accounted for 3.0%. Only one cystine stone was found. In the study of urinary stone formation mechanism and prevention of recurrent urolithiasis, knowing the stone composition is important.
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PMID:Urinary stone analysis of 1,000 patients in southern Taiwan. 1733 67

We determined the position, dimensions, and structure of the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra in 20 healthy, adult rams by use of ultrasonography. The findings were compared with those of seven rams with obstructive urolithiasis, thus establishing criteria for the diagnosis of urolithiasis via ultrasonography. A 5.0 MHz convex transducer was placed over the right paralumbar fossa to examine the kidneys, and a 5.0 MHz linear rectal transducer was used to examine the bladder and urethra transrectally. All examinations were performed on standing rams. The left kidney had a length of 8.4 +/- 0.3 cm (mean +/- SD), a width of 4.7 +/- 0.3 cm, and a depth of 4.4 +/- 0.3 cm. The diameter of the renal sinus of the left kidney was 1.5 +/- 0.2 cm. The circumference of the medullary pyramids measured 2.8 +/- 0.3 cm. Similar ultrasonographic measurements were obtained for the right kidney. The mean diameter of the bladder of 12 rams was 7.5 +/- 2.8 cm. The diameter of the bladder could not be determined in the remaining eight rams because it was greater than 10 cm and therefore beyond the penetration depth of the scanner. The only part of the urethra which could be visualized ultrasonographically was the internal urethral orifice. It had a diameter of 0.2 +/- 0.1 cm.Ultrasonographic examination of seven rams with obstructive urolithiasis revealed a markedly dilated urethra and urinary bladder. Due to severe cystitis, the contents of the urinary bladder appeared as multiple, tiny, uniformly distributed echoes. The renal pelvis and medullary pyramids of both kidneys were dilated in four rams. In two rams, uroperitoneum and accumulation of urine in the abdomen were diagnosed via ultrasonography. In one ram this was due to a ruptured ureter and in one to a ruptured bladder. The results of this study indicate that ultrasonography is a useful aid in the diagnosis of obstructive urolithiasis.
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PMID:Urinary tract ultrasonography in normal rams and in rams with obstructive urolithiasis. 1742 90

The study of dietary supplement (biologically active additive) Prolit in 20 patients and 20 controls (mean age 44.0 +/- 13.8 years) hospitalized for urolithiasis, uncomplicated renal colic proved that Prolit use in combined therapy of urolithiasis effectively relieves pain syndrome (renal colic) and prevents its recurrence. Prolit has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic effects which prevent attacks of acute (chronic) pyelonephritis. Combined treatment of urolithiasis with Prolit addition has one more advantage over conventional therapy in evacuation of the concrements and elimination of urostasis, especially in small concrements (up to 1 cm) in the ureter.
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PMID:[Prolit in combined treatment of urolithiasis]. 1747 98

Uric acid urolithiasis develops from various causes. To investigate the clinical and biochemical presentation of patients with uric acid urolithiasis, a retrospective study was designed. A total of 46 cases were enrolled between January 2004 and December 2005. The compositions of the stones were analyzed by infrared spectrophotometry. There were 39 males (84.8%) and seven females (15.2%), with a mean age of 61.5 +/- 10.6 years and mean body mass index (BMI) of 26.7 +/- 3.1 kg/m2. The stone location was kidney in 10 (21.7%), ureter in 22 (41.8%), and bladder in 14 (30.5%). Multiple stones were diagnosed in 36 patients (78.3%). Pre-existing comorbidities included diabetes mellitus in 11 patients (23.9%), hypertension in 23 (50%), gout in 13 (28.2%), and benign prostatic hyperplasia in 14 (30.4%). Mean serum creatinine and uric acid was 1.6 +/- 0.6 mg/dL and 7.6 +/- 1.8 mg/dL, respectively. There were 27 patients (58%) with creatinine > 1.4 mg/dL. The mean urinary pH was 5.42 +/- 0.46. Patients with uric acid urolithiasis were predominantly male, older, with higher BMI, multiple stone presentation, with lower urinary pH, and hyperuricemia. Exacerbation of the renal function should also be of concern because of the high proportion of patients with renal insufficiency diagnosed in this study.
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PMID:Clinical study of uric acid urolithiasis. 1752 14

High efficacy of endoscopic treatment of urolithiasis in adults stimulated its introduction in the strategy of urolithiasis management in children. 133 ureteropyeloscopies with ureterolithotripsy and ureterolithoextraction was performed in 121 children (boys and girls, age 11 months to 16 years). Concrements (0.5-2.0 cm and larger) located in the caliceal-pelvic segment, ureter, 12 patients had bilateral urolithiasis. Ineffective extracorporeal lithotripsy (ELT) was followed by ureteropyeloscopy in 86 (71%) cases. Rigid and fibroureteropyeloscopes were used. Due to ureterolithotripsy and lithoextraction, concrements were removed completely in 98 (80.9%) patients including 5 children with ligature concrements and 11 children with ureteral strictures which required additional endoureterotomy and removal of ligature. In 23 (18%) cases when migration of concrements and their fragments did not allow complete elimination of the concrements, the kidney in ureteropyeloscopy was drained by catheters or stents with further ELT. Postoperative exacerbation of pyelonephritis treated conservatively was registered in 20 (16.5%) children. Long-term complications were not seen. Thus, transurethral uretheropyeloscopy with lithotripsy and lithoextraction is highly effective, low invasive, safe treatment of urolithiasis in children in failure of ELT.
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PMID:[Transurethral ureteropyeloscopy with lithotripsy and lithoextraction in children]. 1772 31


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