Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Albumin, transferrin and immunoglobulins A, G and M were determined in both serum and urine from 84 patients with uroepithelial tumours. There were 76 patients with bladder tumours, of which 19 had previously received radiotherapy and 51 were untreated, whereas the remaining 6 had required a urinary diversion with nephrostomy or cutaneous ureterostomy because of ureteric tumour obstruction. Eight patients with tumours situated in the renal pelvis or ureter were examined, seven of these eight patients could be examined both before and after surgical treatment. The changes in urinary protein patterns were compared with the results of various types of treatment of uroepithelial tumours. A significant reduction in urinary proteins was seen after successful treatment, or when the urinary flow was diverted so that it had no tumour contact.
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PMID:Urinary protein patterns in patients with uroepithelial tumours. Effect of surgery and radiotherapy. 120 77

Concentrations of albumin, transferrin and immunoglobulins A, G and M were determined in both serum and urine from 59 patients with uroepithelial tumours. 51 patients had tumours in the bladder, which could be classified according to size, clinical stage and grade of malignancy, the remaining 8 had tumours in the ureter or renal pelvis. Urinary proteins were found in all the patients studied, the concentration being proportional to the tumour size. There was no correlation, however, with the grade of malignancy. The level of serum proteins and the urinary protein fraction pattern were similar in all groups of patients. Immunoglobulins were found in relatively large amounts in the urine, except for IgM which was absent in 13 patients. It is suggested that there immunoglobulins originate from the tumour surface and may represent an immune reaction by the host against the tumour. Their estimation in the urine may be a useful diagnostic help when urinary tract tumours are suspected.
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PMID:Proteinuria in patients with uroepithelial tumours with special regard to tumour size, clinical staging and grade of malignancy. 121 44

The iron-transporting serum glycoprotein, transferrin, is necessary for the cell proliferation, morphogenesis, and differentiation of mouse embryonic teeth and kidneys in organ culture. The stimulatory effect of transferrin is mediated by the binding of transferrin to its specific cell-surface receptor and by receptor-mediated endocytosis. Since, in both teeth and kidneys, the requirement for and responsiveness to transferrin depend on the developmental stage of the organ, we studied the binding of transferrin at various stages of tooth and kidney development by incubating tissues with 125I-labeled transferrin. The amount of bound transferrin was determined by measuring the tissue-incorporated radioactivity, and the binding sites were localized by autoradiography. During tooth development in vitro, the requirement for exogenous transferrin is lost as the teeth proceed from the early cap stage to the bell stage. The level of transferrin binding was found to decrease simultaneously, and in bell-stage teeth, the transferrin receptors were concentrated in the areas of most active cell proliferation. In kidneys, the number of transferrin receptors was highest at the stage during which the undifferentiated kidney mesenchyme becomes responsive to transferrin. These receptors were located in both the ureter epithelium and the metanephric mesenchyme, and they dramatically decreased in number with advancing kidney differentiation. The results of the present study indicate that, during the embryonic development of teeth and kidneys, the amount and localization of transferrin binding are correlated with cell proliferation. The number of transferrin receptors is highest during the developmental stages when cell proliferation is most active, and decreases with advancing differentiation.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Levels and patterns of 125I-labeled transferrin binding in mouse embryonic teeth and kidneys at various developmental stages. 360 30

A serum-free medium (HMRI-2) has been developed for the outgrowth and subculture of epithelial cells from normal adult human ureter and bladder. Medium HMRI-2 consists of Ham's MCDB 152 with double the amounts of the essential amino acids in Stock 1, low Ca2+ (0.06 mM) and is supplemented with epithelial growth factor, 5 ng/ml; transferrin, 5 micrograms/ml; insulin, 5 micrograms/ml; ethanolamine and phosphoethanolamine, 0.1 mM each; hydrocortisone, 2.8 X 10(-6) M; and bovine pituitary extract, 126 micrograms protein/ml. The cultured cells showed ultrastructural markers of epithelial cells (prekeratin fibers, tonofilaments, surface microvilli with glycocalyx), exhibited ABO antigens, and had a normal human diploid karyotype. Primary cultures could be subcultured and also cryopreserved in HMRI-2 in liquid nitrogen. Cells in mass cultures showed a population doubling time of 40.5 +/- 4.5 h and had a maximum in vitro life span of 20 to 25 population doublings. It was observed that primary outgrowths, secondary cultures, and even cryopreserved cells all retained the capacity to respond to high Ca2+ and serum by differentiation and desquamation. This study has resulted in the availability of easily obtainable serum-free epithelial cultures from normal adult human ureter and bladder. The useful in vitro life span of these cultures may be important in future studies of carcinogenesis.
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PMID:Selective growth of normal adult human urothelial cells in serum-free medium. 400 32

A method for initiating rapidly growing cultures of normal human transitional cells from ureter and embryonic bladder specimens has been developed and quantified. A new microdissection technique was used to nonenzymatically separate the urothelium. The use of enriched medium containing 10 micrograms/ml insulin, 5 micrograms/ml transferrin, and 1 microgram/ml hydrocortisone resulted in improved growth. The use of thin collagen gel substrates (0.6 ml/60 mm petri dish) resulted in 97% attachment of explants compared to 77% attachment on plastic. Explants grown on thicker collagen (2 ml/60 mm petri dish) showed, in addition to better attachment, enhanced growth of cells as determined both by measurements of colony size and cell density. Cultures of transitional cells that were initiated using explants could be passed three to five times using 0.1% EDTA for dispersion. Autoradiography of [3H]thymidine-labeled cells showed an initial phase of rapid cell division in primary explant cultures and restimulation of cell division in passaged cultures. Transmission electron microscopy showed that the cells growing out from the explants were continuous with the stratified urothelium maintained in the original explant. Stratification of transitional cells occurred in cultures of both ureter and embryonic bladder cells. Surface cells were joined near their apices by junctional complexes. Desmosomes and Golgi vesicles were present in all cells. Passage in culture did not alter the morphological characteristics of cells.
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PMID:Growth and characterization of normal human urothelium in vitro. 685 34