Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Review of a consecutive series of 85 cadaveric renal transplants revealed urinary fistulas in 7 cases. Bladder fistulas originated from the anterior cystostomy suture line in 3 patients and required secondary closure in every case. Ureteral fistulas from the donor ureter often required a multistaged operation. In every case the end result has been satisfactory, with closure of the fistula and preservation of renal function.
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PMID:Conservative surgical management of urological complications after cadaveric renal transplantation. 35 59

Smooth muscle preparations of the urethra, bladder, and ureter were obtained from patients undergoing operations for various urological disorders. The urethral preparations were contracted by noradrenaline (0.1-3 microgram . ml-1), prostaglandin F2alpha (1-10 microgram . ml-1), and potassium (127 mM), the bladder preparations by carbacholine (0.004-1 microgram . ml-1), prostaglandin F2alpha (1-10 microgram . ml-1), potassium (127 mM), and barium chloride (3 mM), and the ureter preparations by potassium (127 mM), and barium chloride (3 mM). Irrespective of the mode of activation, pretreatment with nifedipine (0.1 microgram . ml-1) for 10 min. reduced the responses. Nifedipine also relaxed preparations contracted by the contractile agents used. In 19 female patients, aged 20 to 73 years, undergoing investigation because of urgency and/or urge incontinence, simultaneous urethrocystometry at rest was performed before and after oral administration of 20 to 40 mg nifedipine. Bladder capacity and residual urine were also determined. Nifedipine did not affect the pressures within the bladder and urethra, nor did it increase the bladder capacity. However, after nifedipine intake there was a statistically significant increase in residual urine. The results suggest that nifedipine can inhibit contractile activity induced by drugs with different modes of action; the drug does not affect the tone in bladder and urethra.
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PMID:Effects of nifedipine on the smooth muscle of the human urinary tract in vitro and in vivo. 69 40

Urinary fistulas developed in 13 of 134 patients after renal transplantation. Bladder fistulas originating from the anterior suture line in 6 patients were satisfactorily managed by urethral or paravesical drainage. Fistulas arising from the donor ureter were best treated by surgical repair using the recipient's own ureter. Caliceal fistulas in 3 patients were successfully treated with nephrostomy drainage. A favorable outcome was achieved in 11 of the 13 patients, with closure of the fistula and preservation of renal function.
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PMID:Management of urinary fistulas after renal transplantation. 76 26

The appropriate management of the urinary bladder in patients requiring a renal transplant is significantly different in children than in adults. The etiology of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in 13 of 50 children (26%) transplanted since 1985 was obstructive uropathy/dysplasia. Five of these children had small-capacity, poorly compliant bladders. Our current approach is to restore bladder compliance, improve emptying, and transplant into the restored bladder rather than divert. Pretransplant gastrocystoplasty was performed in three children and the donor ureter was implanted into the augmented bladder. One child awaits transplantation following his bladder augmentation. Bladder function is followed postoperatively by voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and urodynamics. All of the children who have received transplants into augmented bladders are infection-free, voiding per urethra, and have functioning allografts. We recommend: (1) an initial VCUG in all children; (2) complete urodynamics, if appropriate; (3) urological reconstruction to include augmentation prior to transplantation; (4) transplantation into the reconstructed bladder; and (5) comprehensive follow-up including regular urodynamic assessment.
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PMID:Treatment of bladder dysfunction in children with end-stage renal disease. 156 14

The relationship between bladder movements and the intramural ureter was studied in the dog by recording electromyograms of the intramural and extravesical ureters recorded during bladder filling and contraction. Bladder filling was achieved by instilling physiological saline at a rate of 10 ml/min to a volume of 5 ml/kg, while bladder contraction was induced by electrical stimulation. For electromyography, an electrode was inserted transperitoneal into both the extravesical ureter and the intramural ureter after it had been separated from the extravesical ureter. A cystostomy for the instillation of water and another cystostomy for the measurement of intravesical pressure were also made in the bladder. During bladder filling at an intravesical pressure of about 10 cmH2O, the frequency of the action potentials in the intramural ureter showed no significant difference to those in the extravesical ureter. In addition, during bladder contraction at a greatly increased intravesical pressure of about 5 times the precontraction level, the frequency of the action potentials in the intramural ureter was not significant by different from those in the extravesical ureter, and also from its own precontraction value. The above findings suggest that action potentials in the intramural ureter are not affected by bladder movements such as filling or contraction, and that the ureter continues to actively transport urine to the bladder during such movements.
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PMID:[Ureteral function at the ureterovesical junction. Action potentials of the canine intramural ureter during bladder filling or bladder contraction]. 176 65

The results of 210 consecutive renal transplant operations between 1969 and 1989 were assessed with respect to urological complications. 17 patients had urological problems. 4.7% of the patients had ureteric complications (obstruction or leakage). 2.8% of this series showed other general urological complications like bladder bleeding, extravasation at the ureterovesical anastomosis and bladder leakage. One patient had interstitial cystitis and an anastomosis of the transplant ureter with an ileal conduit was performed. Ureteric complications were managed in all cases by revisional surgery, excision of the affected segment followed by ureteroneocystostomy or uretero-/pyeloureterostomy. Bladder bleeding and extravasation at the ureterovesical anastomosis were treated by transurethral and percutaneous drainage procedures. Open surgery was necessary for great bladder leakage. In all cases the function of the transplant kidney could be maintained.
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PMID:[Therapy of urologic complications in 210 consecutive kidney transplantations]. 176 48

Reconstruction of the urinary tract was reviewed. Reconstruction of the ureter dealt with end to end ureteroureterostomy, transureteroureterostomy, bladder flap procedure, psoas hitch procedure, ureterovesiconeostomy, ileal inter position and autotransplantation of the kidney. Bladder augmentation concerned with use of the ileum, ileocecal segment and sigmoid colon, together with artificial material. Reconstruction of the bladder included urinary diversion such as ileal, jejunal, sigmoid, transverse and ileocecal conduit, ureterureterostomy, continent urinary reservoir such as Kock, Mainz and Indiana pouch, and total replacement of the bladder using various segments of intestine anastomosed to the urethra. Surgical endeavor performed by urologists during the past 100 years from 1890 to 1990 was tremendous and it was mainly reviewed from the standpoints of surgical technique and complications.
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PMID:[Reconstruction of urinary bladder]. 219 76

A case of cecoureterocele in a 22-month-old girl is reported. She was admitted because of recurrent urinary tract infection associated with fever and dysuria. Excretory urogram showed a left duplex kidney with hydroureteronephrosis of the upper and lower moieties. Although the left upper moiety was hypofunctioned, some excretion of contrast medium was noted. Voiding cystourethrography demonstrated reflux into the left upper moiety, and a prominent dilation of the bladder neck and the urethra. Bladder sonography demonstrated an ectopic ureterocele at the bladder neck, and it was diagnosed as a cecoureterocele by endoscopic examination. Left pyelopyelostomy, total ureterectomy from the left upper half kidney and open resection of the ureterocele were performed together with reimplantation of the left lower ureter using Cohen technique in 1 stage. At the operation, the left lower ureter was confirmed as a typical obstructive megaureter. Convalescence was uneventful, and postoperative excretory urogram revealed an improvement of the left pyeloureterogram. But the postoperative voiding cystourethrography showed a remnant of cecoureterocele in the urethra causing bladder outlet obstruction. Endoscopic incision of the remnant cele wall in the urethra resulted in marked improvement in voiding and complete resolution of urinary tract infection. A brief review of cecoureterocele was given.
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PMID:[Cecoureterocele. A case report]. 262 32

In male rats a large number of the postganglionic neurons which innervate the pelvic organs are located in the major pelvic ganglion. In the present study we have identified the location within this ganglion of neurons which project to either of three pelvic organs, the penis, colon or urinary bladder. Two fluorescent retrogradely-transported dyes, Fast Blue and Fluoro-Gold, were used. For most animals one dye was injected into the cavernous space of the penis, the wall of the distal colon or the wall of the urinary bladder. In a small number of animals two organs were injected, each with a different dye. One to six weeks after injection the major pelvic ganglia were fixed in buffered formaldehyde. The distribution of fluorescent dye-labelled cells was observed in whole mounts of complete ganglia and, in most cases, also in small accessory ganglia located between the ureter and the prostate. The studies showed a unique pattern of distribution for each organ-specific group of neurons. Most of the colon neurons are located in the major pelvic ganglion near the entrance of the pelvic nerve, whereas almost all of the penis neurons are near or within the penile nerve. Bladder neurons are relatively evenly distributed throughout the ganglion. These results demonstrate a distinct topographical organization of organ-specific neurons of the major pelvic ganglion of the male rat, a phenomenon which has also been observed in other peripheral ganglia.
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PMID:Distribution of neurons in the major pelvic ganglion of the rat which supply the bladder, colon or penis. 271 86

The aim of this retrospective study is to assess the operative and functional risks and the results of "en bloc resection" performed for tumors of the sigmoid colon or of the rectum extending to the bladder. Thirteen patients required this resection, the sigmoid was involved in ten cases, the rectum in three. The urinary tract involvement was an operative finding in ten cases, while recurrent cystitis was observed in three cases. This extension reached the dome of the bladder in 11 cases, and the terminal portion of the ureter in 2 cases. All the patients underwent curative "en bloc resection" including colectomy and partial cystectomy or cysto-ureterectomy: operative mortality was 7.6%. Precise histological staging of lymph node and bladder involvement was only obtained in 11 cases; all were Astler Coller's stage B2. In 9 cases the malignant tissue involved the urinary tract; in 2 cases there were only inflammatory adhesions. In all cases the functional urinary results were good. The 5 year direct survival rate was 50%; following Kaplan Meier's actuarial method this rate was 68%. Bladder involvement by a colonic or rectal adenocarcinoma does not seem to have any "en bloc resection" is worthwhile for this kind of extensive prognostic valve.
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PMID:[Cancers of the sigmoid and upper rectum extending to the bladder or ureter, treated by monobloc resection. Apropos of 13 cases]. 273 26


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