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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the re-implantation of a ureter into the bladder, vesico-ureteric reflux can be prevented by a ureteric nipple alone, provided the nipple is at least 1.5 cm long. This eliminates the need for an oblique ureteric entry or a submucosal tunnel. Longer nipples may be used although they may lead to difficulties with catheterisation. Reduction in the length of the nipple frequently occurs later.
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PMID:The use of a ureteric nipple alone for reflux prevention. 33 87

Primary vesico-ureteric reflux must be graded according to severity. Significant reflux up a dilated ureter appears to be an important factor in causing renal damage. There is evidence in favour of the theory that the renal deterioration seen in some cases of reflux can be explained on a congenital basis of site or origin of the ureteral bud and resultant dysplasia of the developing kidney. Surgery should be reserved for selected patients with significant reflux.
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PMID:Current concepts in congenital vesico-ureteral reflux. 35 43

Vesicoureteral reflux ceased after eradication of a reservoir of infection in 6 patients. In each case the reflux was mild, the ureter with reflux was not markedly dilated and no ureter had a golfhole orifice. A reservoir of infection should be sought for in adults with chronic or recurrent urinary tract infection and reflux. If it is found and eliminated ureteral reimplantation can be withheld while the patient is followed closely. However, if infection, reflux and associated pyelonephritis persist reimplantation may be necessary.
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PMID:Eradication of reflux in adults by excision of chronic infection reservoirs without antireflux operation. 80 72

The unusual combination of reflux and obstruction as seen in 8 of a series of 40 unduplicated ureters reimplanted for reflux is presented, with particular reference to the mechanical obstructing factors which can be demonstrated. These involve the extravesical rather than the intravesical ureter so that separate pathologic mechanisms for obstruction and reflux must be postulated. This unusual obstruction/reflux combination appears to be more common than is generally recognized, and the need for its early recognition and surgical correction contrasts with the less urgent indications for operative intervention in ureteric reflux alone.
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PMID:Vesicoureteric reflux and ureterovesical obstruction. 89 47

The phenomenon of pelvi-ureteric obstruction which is induced by vesico-ureteric reflux is well documented but ill understood. The radiographic findings can be impressive to an extent that obstruction is probably often over-diagnosed. Before considering a pyeloplasty it is essential to confirm the true obstructive nature of the problem. Where the urogram is not suggestive of an obstruction a re-implantation of the ureter will usually stop the gross pelvic dilatation. It is suggested that the obstruction is at least partially an active process.
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PMID:Reflux induced pelvi-ureteric obstruction. 101 28

Vesicoureteral reflux occurs in approximately 50% of duplex systems that undergo evaluation and most commonly involves the lower renal segment ureter. The therapeutic approach can be tailored for each case after careful evaluation of the anatomic and functional status of each renal unit. If reparative srugery is indicated and only one ureter is involved, then ureteropyelostomy or ureteroureterostomy have yielded excellent results. If more than one ureter is involved with either relfux or obstruction, then reimplantation of the paired ureters is indicated if the renal units are slavageable.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of reflux in completely duplicated ureters. 101 40

The authors presented the problem of pelvic ectopia of the kidney in children on their two patients. Pelvic ectopia of the kidney is a rare anomaly, while an ectopia of only one kidney is an extremely rare phenomemon. One of the two patients, which are the subject of this summary, was an 18 months old child who had one normal kidney and one ectopic kidney; a nephrectomy was performed. The second patient was an 11 years old child with pelvic ectopia of only one kidney, and a cysto-ureteric reflux. In this case, a reimplantation of the ureter into the vertex of the urinary bladder was performed.
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PMID:[Pelvic ectopia of the kidney in children]. 125 67

Between 1974 and 1990 in 16 children (5 boys and 11 girls) with a duplex kidney and bifid ureter surgery was indicated. The mean age of the 15 already operated patients was 7 years (0.3-12 years). 14 had uretero-ureteric reflux, 1 had a stenosis of the ureteric bifurcation, and 1 had a lower pole pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction. An interpyelic anastomosis was performed in 14 and a ureteroneocystostomy "en bloc" in 1. The follow-up was 3-10 years with a mean of 5 years. All 15 patients had normal uroradiological findings, and out of the 9 patients with longer follow-up (more than 3 years) 7 had a significantly diminished infection rate.
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PMID:Surgical significance of the duplex kidney with bifid ureter. 149 4

Many workers have reported that ureteral peristaltic movement is controlled by the "so-called Pacemaker". But, in our recent studies, it was revealed that the existence of pacemaker is not always necessary for the peristaltic movement. In this study, we made isolated and non-isolated prototype models, using 18 mongrel dogs, to explore the influential factors on ureteral peristaltic discharge. Bilateral kidney and ureter were exposed transperitoneally. Unilateral upper urinary tract was prepared to preserve the pacemaker without renal blood supply, and contralateral one was prepared not to preserve the pacemaker by cutting at the proximal portion of the ureter. Vesico-ureteral reflux (VUR) was caused on these two models. A luminal pressure and ureteral electromyogram was recorded. In the result, there is spontaneous peristaltic discharges of the ureter which had the tendency to increase peristaltic frequency according to the increase of the luminal pressure. It was suggested that adequate expanding stimulation is the factor of peristaltic discharge to increase, and the peristaltic discharge under this condition propagates from upper to lower portion of the ureter.
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PMID:[Studies on function of the upper urinary tract. XXIX. Canine ureteral electromyogram isolated from "so-called Pacemaker"]. 225 22

The technique of subureteric Teflon injection for the correction of vesico-ureteric reflux was first described by Puri and O'Donnell in 1984. The Teflon granuloma that occurs after the injection anchors the submucosal ureter, thereby preventing reflux. This paper reviews the ultrasound and cystographic findings in 88 patients with 115 refluxing ureters followed-up for periods ranging from 3 months to 3 years. Reflux disappeared in 91 ureters (79.1%) and the degree of reflux improved in 22 ureters (19.1%). In this follow-up study, the size of the granuloma on ultrasound was assessed in relation to the number of injections, the total volume of Polytef paste used and the outcome of the procedure. A well circumscribed granuloma was seen at the orifices of 92 ureters. There was no ureteric granuloma evident in 23 ureters and Teflon plaques were found at the trigone in six patients. Complications were rare. One large granuloma caused severe obstruction requiring re-implantation. The size of the granuloma appears to depend on individual tissue reaction rather than on the other factors. The presence or the size of the granuloma bears no direct relationship to the success of the procedure.
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PMID:Endoscopic correction of vesico-ureteric reflux by subureteric Teflon injection: follow-up ultrasound and voiding cystography. 265 51


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