Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Cloacal malformation occurs in approximately 1 in 50,000 live female births. Prenatal ultrasound may lead to the diagnosis in selected cases. We report an unusual case of prenatally detected single-system hydronephrosis with a nonvisible bladder and worsening oligohydramnios. Labor was induced at 35 weeks' estimated gestational age. On physical examination, a single perineal opening was noted consistent with cloaca. Endoscopy revealed an obstructed ectopic ureter at the level of the sphincter, an undeveloped bladder and vagina, and a fistula to the rectum. A low loop cutaneous ureterostomy and right upper quadrant loop colostomy were performed. The absence of a typical fluid-filled pelvic structure may confound the prenatal diagnosis of cloaca.
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PMID:Cloacal outlet obstruction with an ectopic ureter. 1079 8

Primary vaginal adenocarcinoma unrelated to in utero exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) is very uncommon. We report a case of 65-year-old Japanese woman who presented with primary adenocarcinoma in the anterior wall of the vagina, where the left ureter-like metanephric duct remnant abnormally terminated. Histological examination in serial sections revealed the direct connection between the carcinoma and the metanephric duct remnant. Moreover, the remnant epithelium showed varying degrees of dysplastic changes, including carcinoma in situ in close proximity to the carcinoma. This patient also had a bicornate uterus and left renal aplasia. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a primary vaginal adenocarcinoma arising from the metanephric duct remnant. Although the precise mechanism involved in carcinogenesis in this clinicopathological setting remains unknown, adenocarcinoma should be included in the differential diagnosis of vaginal tumors in patients with renal aplasia and/or an ectopic termination of the ureter or metanephric duct remnant, especially when the tumor is in the anterior wall.
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PMID:Primary vaginal adenocarcinoma arising from the metanephric duct remnant. 1091 79

The prevalence of ureteral ectopia is low and it is usually associated with pyeloureteral duplication. In these cases, incontinence is frequent. We present the cases of five female patients treated in our hospital for urinary incontinence due to ureteral ectopia and duplicity. The ectopic ureter reached the uterus in three patients and the vagina in the remaining two. The treatment chosen was heminephroureterectomy due to the presence of hypofunctional or dysplastic segments. Incontinence disappeared after surgery.
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PMID:[Ureteral ectopia as a cause of urinary incontinence in girls]. 1246 56

This purpose of this study was to establish a new standard for the surgical management of female genital fistula in Korea. From January 1992 to October 2001, 117 patients with female genital fistula who were admitted to the departments of obstetrics and gynecology, urology and general surgery were analyzed. Nine patients with congenital etiologies and 48 patients who were treated conservatively were excluded. The relationships between surgical outcome and the cause of fistula, the location of fistula, and the various surgical methods were analyzed. In spite of appropriate surgical treatment, fistulas due to cervix cancer management had the worst prognosis. In terms of location, fistula recurrence after surgical repair was most common in the bladder fundus and base. The transvaginal and transrectal approaches are suitable for fistulas located in the lower vagina. The transabdominal approach is appropriate for fistulas located in the functional portions such as the bladder and ureter, for fistulas which are difficult to expose surgically by either the vaginal or rectal approach, or in cases with severe adhesions. In cases of cervix cancer, extra care should be taken during surgical expiration or definitive radiotherapy, especially when the areas involved are the bladder fundus and base. The nature of the surgical approach should be decided by the location of the fistula, the functional importance of the area, and the degree of surgical exposure during the corrective procedures.
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PMID:Surgical outcome of female genital fistula in Korea. 1208 38

We present two unrelated patients with various duplications in the caudal region. One patient presented with a duplication of the distal spine from L4, left double ureter, duplication of the vagina and cervix, and duplication of the distal colon. The second patient was diagnosed with a duplication of the colon, bladder, vagina and uterus. The first patient had an unaffected monozygotic twin sister. Dominguez et al. [1993: Am J Dis Child 147:1048-1052] presented six similar cases, and introduced the name "caudal duplication syndrome." The pathogenesis of the caudal duplication anomaly is unclear. The possibility of a polytopic primary developmental field defect or a disruptive sequence are discussed. On the other hand, somatic or germline mutations in certain developmental genes could be involved, as illustrated by the mouse mutations disorganisation and fused. DNA-analysis of the AXIN1 gene, the human homologue of the gene responsible for fused, performed in our first patient, did not show any apparent pathogenic mutation.
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PMID:Two cases of the caudal duplication anomaly including a discordant monozygotic twin. 1237 42

In prepubertal girls with vaginal discharge, consideration of the etiology must be given to respiratory pathogens (Streptococcus pyogenes, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and Neisseria meningitidis), enteric pathogens (Escherichia coli, Shigella, and Yersinia), poor hygiene, foreign body, nonabsorbent undergarments, irritants, vulvar skin disease, anatomic abnormalities (double vagina with fistula, pelvic abscess, and ectopic ureter), and sexual abuse. Prepubertal girls, outside the newborn period, with suspected gonococcal infection should be strongly considered to be victims of sexual abuse, once congenital and other newborn acquired forms of gonorrhea are excluded. We present a case of a three-year-old female with vaginal discharge and fever with a clouded social history, disproportionate distress on physical exam, and initial laboratory gram stain suggestive of gonococcus.
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PMID:Vaginal discharge due to undiagnosed bilateral duplicated collecting system with ectopic ureters in a three-year-old female: an initial high index of suspicion for sexual abuse. 1245 27

The majority of vaginal metastases from extra-genital tumors are from colorectal cancer. A case of metastases to the vagina from a huge rectal carcinoma is described. A 55-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital because of a barium ileus after upper GI. Further examination revealed that she had a huge rectal carcinoma. Hartmann's operation combined with resection of the right ureter, posterior wall of the uterus and left ovary was performed. Postoperative chemoradiotherapy was performed with 60 Gy of irradiation to the small pelvis with 500 mg/day continuous infusion of 5-FU. After 18 months, she had genital bleeding. Digital examination revealed a vaginal tumor and metastasis of the rectal carcinoma to the vagina was confirmed histologically. Abdominoperineal resection of the rectum and vagina combined with simple total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. Thirty-three months after operation, there is no sign of recurrence.
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PMID:[A case of metastatic vaginal tumor of rectal cancer]. 1248 86

Ectopic ureter occurs most commonly in association with ureterocele or duplication of the ureter. It is caused by a delay in or failure of separation of the ureteric bud from the mesonephric duct during embryologic development. Vaginal agenesis is the second most common cause of primary infertility in women after gonadal dysgenesis. Agenesis of the vagina in karyotypic females may be accompanied by other defects of the urogenital system [1]. We describe a rare combination of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome and ectopic ureter with urinary incontinence.
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PMID:Ectopic ureter with urinary incontinence. An unusual presentation of Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome. 1260 20

Estrogen receptors are present in the urogenital tract. However, little is known about the quantitative distribution of the traditional estrogen receptor (ERalpha) mRNA and the recently identified ERbeta mRNA. By quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis, the distributions of ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA in mouse urogenital tissues and their expression in selected urogenital tissues after oophorectomy, with or without estrogen replacement, were evaluated. ERalpha mRNA concentrations were higher in the ovary, oviduct, uterus and vagina than in the kidney, ureter or bladder ( P<0.05); ERbeta transcripts were highest in the ovary, oviduct and bladder ( P<0.05). After oophorectomy and estrogen replacement, significant changes were identified in ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA expression. ERalpha and ERbeta mRNA are differentially expressed in mouse urogenital tissues. Oophorectomy and estrogen replacement affect estrogen receptors differently in the bladder, vagina and uterus. These results may explain some tissue-specific responses to estrogen and selective estrogen receptor modulators. The mRNA distributions of estrogen receptors alpha and beta and their expression after oophorectomy, with or without estrogen replacement, differ in mouse urogenital tissues.
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PMID:Distribution of estrogen receptors alpha and beta mRNA in mouse urogenital tissues and their expression after oophorectomy and estrogen replacement. 1285 60

Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis (POVT) is an uncommon disease and it may complicate streptococcal group B infection of the vagina and endometrium. Obstruction of the right ureter is an uncommon complication of POVT. We present a case of POVT complicated by thrombus extension in the inferior vena cava and ureteral obstruction with urinary leakage, and outline the clinical presentation, radiological investigations useful in diagnosis and treatment of the disease process.
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PMID:Postpartum ovarian vein thrombosis: report of a case and review of literature. 1470 13


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