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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The cells lining the canine and feline urinary tract and their role in the diagnosis of urological diseases in small animals is assessed. The urothelium was found to consist of transitional epithelial cells ranging from the calyces to the urethra. Caudate cells were found lining the ureter, renal pelvis and the calyces. There was no feature that could be used to distinguish the transitional cells from different parts of the urothelium. Squamous cells were found lining the urinary tract from the trigone to the vagina in females and to the urethra in male animals. Hydropic degeneration in the form of vacuolation of the cytoplasm, granulation and total loss of cytoplasm was one of the urine-induced degenerative changes recorded in the transitional cells. The significance of the degenerative changes in the management of urological problems is discussed.
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PMID:Diagnostic importance of urothelial cells of the dog and cat. 786 23

Uterus didelphys with double vagina and hemi-vaginal atresia is a rare syndrome of congenital anomalies. A 17-year-old girl had a right blind-ending ectopic ureter, the proximal end of which communicated with the ipsilateral uterine cervix of uterus didelphys. The patient presented with vaginal urinary incontinence after incision of the vaginal wall for right hemi-hematocolpometra. Following various examinations, the ipsilateral kidney was found to be absent. The ectopic ureter and communicating duct were resected, and the fistula was closed. The genesis of malformation of the female genitalia and urinary tract resulting in such a unique communication is discussed. The importance of preoperative meticulous examinations, including cysto-genitography, pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and panendoscopy with the patient under anesthesia, is emphasized.
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PMID:A case of unique communication between blind-ending ectopic ureter and ipsilateral hemi-hematocolpometra in uterus didelphys. 786 1

In missed intraoperative injury to the ureter one can regularly observe retroperitoneal urinary overflow (urinary retroperitonitis). In case of postoperative ignorance of the injury the overflown urine penetrates into the vagina with formation of the ureterovaginal fistula. Less frequent there are ureterocutaneous or ureteroperitoneal, ureterointestinal fistulas after the urine breaking into the operative wound, abdominal cavity or the intestine, respectively. A case of a 37-year-old woman is reported with accidental injury to the left ureter overlooked during and after the operation. The patient developed successive ureteroperitoneal, ureterocutaneous and ureterosigmoid fistulas for which she has undergone 4 operations. After the recovery the function of the left kidney was retained.
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PMID:[Rare forms of ureteral fistulae occurring after obstetrical and gynecological operations]. 789 22

Duplicated uterus associated with unilateral imperforate vagina and ipsilateral renal agenesis is a very rare anomaly. We report a case of a 10-month-old female infant presenting with pus discharge from vagina, and discussed the embryologic and clinical features relevant to this interesting disease complex with a review of the past literature. Echographic and CT examinations demonstrated a right-sided cystic pelvic mass. IVP revealed a left slight hydronephrosis and non-visualizing right kidney. No right ureteral orifice was found at cystoscopy. Under anesthesia the mass and pus was aspirated. Under the diagnosis of Gartner's cystic duct and a right renal agenesis or dysplasia with or without ectopic ureter, we subsequently performed laparotomy. Surgical exploration revealed a duplicated uterus with a normal ovary, and the mass was an imperforate right-sided vagina which communicated through the uterus. The diagnosis was changed to a double uterus with right-sided imperforate vagina, then the vaginal septum was excised. The post-operative course was uneventful, and pus discharge and the left hydronephrosis have disappeared.
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PMID:[Double uterus and double vagina with unilateral imperforate vagina associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis: an infant case report]. 790 May 73

Three cases of girls, aged three, four and five years, with a single unilateral ectopic ureter draining into the vagina are discussed. All of the children had urinary incontinence. Vaginoscopy demonstrated different findings of the ectopic ureteral orifice within the vaginal mucosal fold in each child. Of the three patients, two underwent nephroureterectomy and one underwent ureteral reimplantation. Complete cure of urinary incontinence was obtained in all three children after surgery.
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PMID:Single unilateral vaginal ectopic ureter. 790 79

Computed tomography (CT) remains a valuable technique in the assessment of the female pelvis. The CT appearance of the normal ligamentous, vascular, and visceral anatomy of the female pelvis can be confusing. Newer high-resolution CT scanners combined with mechanical intravenous contrast medium injectors and thinner sections have substantially improved the imaging of female genital tract anatomy. In addition to the cardinal, uterosacral, and round ligaments, the ovaries and their ligamentous attachments, as well as the blood supply to the female internal organs, can now be visualized. Inferior-to-superior image acquisition following bolus administration of intravenous contrast material with an angiographic injector facilitates precise identification of the uterine artery and its relationship to the pelvic ureter and the vascular plexus supplying the vagina, ovaries, and uterine body. Ideally, familiarity with variations in the CT appearance of normal female pelvic anatomy will enable more accurate evaluation of pelvic abnormalities.
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PMID:CT anatomy of the female pelvis: a second look. 812 66

We report on a neonate with a history of failure to thrive who had a large right abdominal mass. Renal ultrasound showed a large cystic mass that arose from the upper pole of the hydronephrotic right kidney. Preoperative antegrade pyelography confirmed that the mass communicated with 1 kidney. Further evaluation revealed no communication of the ureter with the bladder or vagina. Exploratory surgery identified the mass and intraoperative pyelography revealed no communication with the bladder. After resection of the mass and nephrostomy placement, reimplantation of the right ureter demonstrated complete atresia of the distal right ureter. Preservation of the remaining renal parenchyma was possible, because the functioning lower pole collecting system communicated with the cystic mass that arose from the upper pole.
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PMID:Complete nonunion of the ureterovesical junction with preservation of renal function. 815 89

Twenty-one iatrogenic ureteral injuries (20 patients) as a result of obstetric and gynecologic operations are presented. All injuries occurred during operations for benign conditions, such as Cesarean section and transabdominal hysterectomy. Pelvic adhesions as a result of repeat Cesarean section, markedly enlarging the uterus at the time of abdominal hysterectomy, and massive hemorrhage during surgical treatment were the main causes of ureteral injury. Nine ureters were transected (eight patients) and 12 ureters had postoperative obstruction. Fistulas occurred between the affected ureter and the vagina (five patients), uterus (one patient) and skin (one patient). The existence and the site of such a fistula is clearly demonstrated roentgenographically using intravenous urograms while a urethral catheter filled with contrast media is inserted into the bladder. Only a few ureteric injuries (two patients) were diagnosed and managed during the initial gynecologic operation. The remainder underwent delayed repair procedures. In most patients, the upper urinary tract was protected by percutaneous nephrostomy. The preferred operation for definitive correction was ureteroneocystostomy using the psoas hitch procedure. Direct localization by difficult dissection of the injured ureteral site was unnecessary with ureteroneocystostomy because this procedure bypasses the site of the injury to the ureter. This procedure can be applied in most injuries to the ureter, distal or proximal, which occur during gynecologic and obstetric operations. Renal salvage was achieved in all instances, with no operative or postoperative complications.
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PMID:Evaluation and treatment of iatrogenic ureteral injuries during obstetric and gynecologic operations for nonmalignant conditions. 817 24

A female patient of 70 years of age had been suffering from absolute incontinence of urine from birth. Although doctors had been consulted repeatedly, the real cause had never been discovered. It was now possible to identify the cause of the complaint by means of transvaginal contrast visualisation: ureter orifice and vagina were ectopically conjoined.
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PMID:[Congenital ectopic ureteral orifice as the cause of 70 years incontinence]. 817 15

Our experience with urogenital fistulas are reviewed and three instances of complex ureterovesicovaginal fistulas, which can be mistaken for pure vesicovaginal fistulas because of diagnostic difficulties, are presented. If the ureterovaginal component of these fistulas is overlooked intraoperatively, urinary leakage will persist despite otherwise successful closure of the vesicovaginal component of the fistula. Because of the involvement of the terminal ureter in the fistulous system, operative therapy must combine the closure of the vesicovaginal fistula with reimplantation of the ureter into the bladder and interposition of omentum or a peritoneal patch between the bladder and vagina. Diagnosis and therapy are illustrated by patient reports and literature review.
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PMID:Ureterovesicovaginal fistulas. 832 31


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