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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Multicystic dysplastic kidney (MCDK) is the most common renal cystic disease in infancy and the second most common neonatal abdominal mass. It represents an extreme form of renal dysplasia. The key features in MCDK include variability in size, loss of kidney shape, absence of function and obstruction of ureter. Current management is still controversial. The prognosis is largely depended upon the problems of associated anomalies and the condition of the contralateral kidney. From September '82 to September '91, twelve patients with multicystic kidney have been treated at Taichung Veterans General Hospital. Ten of them received elective nephrectomy. The postoperative condition was uneventful. However, there was a high frequency of associated anomalies (41.6%) and pathologic contralateral kidney (50%). Two patients who refused operation were put on close observation and follow-up with ultrasound. During the surgical patients' follow-up period, one suffered from repeated urinary tract infection and the other died of multiple congenital anomalies.
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PMID:The multicystic dysplastic kidney in children. 833 62

Included in the study were 681 patients with stenosis and obstruction of the ureter (SOU), diagnosed at the Department of Urology, Clinical Center of Urology, University Aleksandrovska Hospital in Sofia for a period of 5 years. The diagnosis rested on clinical, laboratory, X-ray, radioisotopic, echographic, endoscopic and other investigations. Analysis of the clinical and laboratory data demonstrated an outstanding triad of clinical symptoms: pain (76.8 per cent), hematuria (74.0 per cent), dysuria (70.9 per cent). The laboratory data confirmed the standpoint of other authors that most common is the urinary tract infection, followed in incidence by microhematuria, leukocyturia and hemoglobin content lower than 10 mg %. The most common causative agents of infection were E. coli (29.8 per cent) and Proteus (26.28 per cent). The X-ray methods being used were excretory urography (76.8 per cent) and plain X-ray on kidney-ureter-bladder film (93.2 per cent of the patients). Excretory urography furnished information on the cause, degree and location of SOU and on the effect upon the kidney. It helped to determine the approach to treatment--conservative transureteral or operative.
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PMID:[The modern diagnosis of stenosis and obstruction of the ureter]. 841 76

Two patients with complete duplex kidney accompanied by ectopic ureterocele and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) had repeated episodes of refractory urinary tract infection. One patient was a 11-year-old girl who showed VUR into the cele ureter. The other patient was a 17-year-old female who showed VUR into the mate ureter. Satisfactory results could be obtained by twin ureteroneocystomy with cele wall resection in both cases. Complete duplex kidney is often complicated by urinary tract abnormalities such as ectopic ureterocele, VUR, and renal dysplasia, and these complications complicate its diagnosis. The treatment of complete duplex kidney with urinary tract abnormalities are discussed.
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PMID:[Two cases of urinary tract abnormalities (ectopic ureterocele and VUR) associated with complete duplex kidney]. 846 May 87

We report our experience with closure of the bladder during laparoscopic nephroureterectomy by using a gastrointestinal anastomosis type stapling device designed to deliver 6, 3 cm. rows of 3.5 mm. titanium staples via a 12 mm. trocar. We initially used this stapling device to secure a cuff of bladder in 8 female pigs undergoing laparoscopic nephroureterectomy. Followup in these animals was completed 2 to 6 months postoperatively. Then, 3 patients underwent laparoscopic ureterectomy using the laparoscopic stapler to transect and secure the ureter along with a cuff of bladder. In neither the laboratory nor the clinical situation were any complications encountered due to the transvesical staples (for example extravasation, stone formation, urinary tract infection or abscess formation). Our preliminary results indicate that titanium staples may be an effective method to provide rapid and secure closure of the bladder in patients undergoing either laparoscopic nephroureterectomy or laparoscopic ureterectomy.
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PMID:Laparoscopic stapled bladder closure: laboratory and clinical experience. 850 82

669 patients who received a renal transplant from January 1988 to December 1993 at a single institution were evaluated for urologic complications. Urologic complications were assessed and categorized by organ involvement: kidney, ureter, bladder, lymphatic, calculus and complicated urinary tract infection. Complications were also classified as "early" if they occurred within 14 d after transplant and those diagnosed after this period were called "late." The management of all complications is presented. There were a total of 98 urologic complications identified in 669 patients, of which 51 were complicated urinary tract infections. The other 47 complications were divided among renal (8), ureteral (19), bladder (3), lymphatic (10) and calculi (7). Preventive measures, such as technical management of ureteral reimplantation, periodic renal scan or ultrasound examinations, and long-term urinary antibiotic prophylaxis could further reduce the incidence of urologic complications. The result should be further improvement in transplant patient and graft survival.
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PMID:Diagnosis and management of the urologic complications of renal transplantation. 866 23

Malacoplakia is a condition which occurs most often in the urogenital system, but ureteral malacoplakia is rare. A case of ureteral malacoplakia is presented. The patients was a 54-year-old woman admitted to our hospital with high fever as the chief complaint. Laboratory data suggested urinary tract infection. Escherichia coli were isolated from the urine. Ultrasonography indicated left hydronephrosis and excretory urography showed reduced function of the left kidney. From retrograde pyelography, obstruction of the left distal ureter was indicated. A ureteral carcinoma was suspected and nephroureterectomy was thus carried out. The histopathological diagnosis was malacoplakia. The patient is in good health without any indication of the disease at 1 year 9 months following surgery.
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PMID:[Ureteral malacoplakia: a case report]. 871 88

Vesicoureteric reflux (retrograde passage of urine from the bladder into the ureter) can be secondary to bladder outlet obstruction or to a neuropathic bladder. However, most occurrences are due to a primary anatomical defect in the junction of the ureter and the bladder. Primary vesicoureteric reflux is usually found during investigation of urinary tract infection in children, but screening shows that it is present in 1-2% of symptom-free children. Moreover, it is often inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, making it one of the commonest of inherited disorders. Mutations of a transcription factor gene which controls prenatal development of the kidney and urinary tract have been found in a rare syndrome which includes vesicoureteric reflux. Vesicoureteric reflux is associated with pyelonephritis, renal scarring, hypertension and renal failure and these associations may be prevented by medical treatment. Early screening for this reflux is recommended in families with other affected members.
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PMID:Vesicoureteric reflux: all in the genes? Report of a meeting of physicians at the Hospital for Sick Children, Great Ormond Street, London. 880 94

Reflux nephropathy is known to be a major cause of renal failure in children. Vesico-ureteral reflux is usually diagnosed by voiding cysto-urethrography (VCG). However, it has been observed that conventional VCG is not always reliable for the diagnosis of ureteral reflux. In the case of a 5 year old girl with recurrent febrile urinary tract infection, VCG showed no ureteral reflux. Urodynamic study revealed a large bladder capacity and significant residual urine. Renal scintigram delineated a right renal scar. Simple ultrasound examination with videotape recording during voiding definitely demonstrated the presence of significant ureteral reflux when she voided, that is, there was marked dilatation of the right distal ureter and ballooning of the right renal pelvis on voiding, and quick refilling of the bladder concomitantly with the disappearance of the pelvic ballooning. Therefore, an ultrasound during voiding may be useful for diagnosing ureteral reflux in patients where a VCG does not reveal reflux.
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PMID:A case of ureteral reflux identified by ultrasound. 884 May 49

Primary vesicoureteric reflux (VUR) is one of the more common genetic disorders. Little is yet known about the genetics of this potentially manageable childhood condition, which is characterised by regurgitation of urine from the bladder to the kidney. The VUR phenotype is associated with shortness of the submucosal segment of the ureter due to congenital lateral ectopia of the ureteric orifice. VUR is found in 30-50% of infants and young children with a urinary tract infection. A serious concern in families with an affected patient is that approximately one half of siblings or offspring will be affected, but up to a half of these affected siblings and offspring may be asymptomatic in childhood. If left untreated, these patients may present later in life with proteinuria, hypertension or renal failure. VUR is the commonest cause of end-stage renal failure in children, and an important cause in adults. As the kidney damage resulting from severe VUR is preventable, early detection is desirable. The techniques for clinical diagnosis are invasive and costly, reinforcing the importance of identification of a gene for VUR to facilitate genetic screening. Although family studies suggest a major dominant gene, the inheritance pattern is still a matter of debate. In rare instances, VUR occurs in association with other diseases, such as the coloboma-ureteric-renal syndrome, which is caused by a PAX2 gene mutation. In this review, we present evidence that this common disorder may be caused by mutations in the developmental pathway of which the PAX2 gene forms a part.
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PMID:Unravelling the genetics of vesicoureteric reflux: a common familial disorder. 887 47

Fourteen of 1000 consecutive kidney transplant patients had congenital malformations affecting the bladder or urethra: six had congenital valvulus of the urethra, two congenital sclerosis of the bladder outlet, and six a neurogenic bladder. Pretransplant surgery had been performed in all patients: reimplantation of ureter (n = 11), resection of congenital valvulus (n = 7), and nephrectomy (n = 6). Four patients had an intestinal bladder. Age was 0-17 (median 1) years at diagnosis. Follow-up time was 3-10 (median 5) years. Special transplant surgery techniques were required in five patients. Patient survival after 2 years was 100% and graft survival 93%. No graft was lost due to outflow obstruction, infection or other causes related to the underlying disorder. Late technical problems were seen in two patients. Urinary tract infections were reported in 13 patients before transplantation and in eight after. Results of transplantation were excellent. Infections and surgical problems had a minor impact on outcome.
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PMID:Kidney transplantation to patients with congenital malformations of the distal urinary tract. 895 99


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